• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.221-229
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find out ways to enhance corporate value by using more efficient use of non-reflux Income which is commonly considered in existing corporate income tax refund and newly introduced investment and mutual aid promotion tax. Specifically, we analyzed the effect of income tax return income and income tax return on wages and fixed - asset investments, which are commonly considered in the two tax systems, on firm value. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that short-term internal reserves and income reflux activities had a negative impact on firm value, and long-term internal reserves and income reflux return had positive effects on firm value. It is recommended not to formulate uniform criteria such as the ratio of income refund activity to the contents of tax, but to apply the tax refund to the internal taxation system and the taxable income source.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.71-95
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• 1990

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the revenue function of the personal income tax of Korea. Unlike the traditional approach employing the data adjustment, this paper explicitly includes the explanatory variables of the tax rate or schedule in the revenue function and further estimates the functions by income sources such as labor, interest, global, and dividend incomes. One of the main findings is the GNP elasticity of the combined personal income tax is around 1.2 when evaluated on the basis of the estimates of the GNP elasticities of tax revenue from respective income sources, which is somewhat smaller than those in the previous studies. Another interesting result is that the GNP and interest rate elasticities of the interest income, are found around one and .15 respectively, as expected. Also, the estimate of the tax-free income coefficient is significantly negative in the labor income tax revenue function.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.3 s.69
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• pp.89-117
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• 2005

Currently, the tax - exempted vessel fuel is provided for commercial fishing in order to increase the competitive power of fishery production thorough the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives. The National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives should predict the exact amount of fuel consumption for fishing every year to request the fuel from the government. Unfortunately, there is no sophisticated model to predict the tax - exempted vessel fuel consumption. In 2003, the consumption of the tax- exempted vessel fuel was only $25.1\%$ of the estimation amount by the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives. This causes an inefficiency in the petroleum management. Moreover, we need some data such as the annual average fishing hours, fishing days and fishing behavior to adopt a new policy regarding fishing. Up to now, the data have been obtained by survey with response in the fishery field. In the most case, we have a small number of data because we spend so much time and money consuming for collecting fishing data. As a result, the level of confidence of the data is associated with the sample size and normally low. In order to achieve more accurate data, we need to develope an efficient method for collecting fishing data. In this research, we proposed a new method to predict the tax- exempted vessel fuel consumption more exactly. The prediction results from the proposed method has been compared with the results from the current method. According to the results in this research, the method proposed here produced much better accuracy than the current method. In addition, we also proposed in the paper for collecting fishing data of the annual average fishing hours using the tax - exempted vessel fuel consumption and the gasoline consumption of vessel engine. The fishing data obtained by using the method proposed in this research could be much more efficient and accurate because it doesn't need to estimate from survey sample data.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.81-86
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• 2018

Purposes: The purpose of this study is to argue that the taxation system for non-for-profit medical institution in Korea should be revised and that the basic direction should be to expand tax exemption like the US. Methods: We analyzed the US context of taxation policy for non-for-profit medical institutions and compared the US and Korean situation. Findings: In the United States, for-profit or non-for-profit medical institutions eternities are the most important criteria for hospital classification. Basically, full tax-exemption has been applied for non-for-profit medical institutions. The reason why many hospitals maintain their status as non-for-profit are following. First, the American society places great importance on the social responsibility and role of non-for-profit hospitals. Second, maintaining the status of non-for profit medical institutions is financially beneficial while maintaining good social reputation. The most powerful financial incentives are tax deductions and tax deductions for donations. Practical Implications: How will the taxation system for medical institutions in Korea be reformed in the future? First, if Korean government do not allow for-profit medical institutions, Korean government should consider implementing a full tax exemption system suitable for non-profit medical institutions like the US. Second, there are many variation in taxation for non-for-profit medical institution according to their legal positions. Therefore, current taxation system should be revised. Third, the reorganization of such taxation system should be in a direction that can finally encourage community benefit activities of medical institutions of nonprofit hospitals.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.13
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• pp.159-178
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• 2000

Tax assistance system in Korea is a one that is designed by the central government to achieve specific policy objectives through the tax relief for economic activities or specific industries, leading to the development of the industries, Thus, the purpose of this study is to see if the government's direct tax assistance system for small and medium manufacturing firms is effective and then to contribute to establishing necessary policies for an effective tax assistance system based on the identification of a direct assistance system that is substantially useful to those firms. T- test was performed to see if there was a difference in tax burden between small and medium manufacturing firms and small and medium non-manufacturing firms and also to see whether the direct assistance system was effective. The results obtained from the statistical analyses are as follows: (1) The tax reduction rule applied to small and medium firms was turned out to be effective based on the fact that the effective tax rates of the small and medium firms to which the rule was applied were, on the average, significantly lower than those of the Listing large corporation which did not receive the tax benefit and also on the fact that the tax savings rates of the small and medium firms which could apply the rule were, on the average, significantly higher than those of the Listing large corporation to which the rule was not applied. (2) The tax credit rule applied to small and medium manufacturing firms was also turned out effective based on the same fact as described in the case of the application of the tax reduction rule.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.14
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• pp.1-30
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• 2001

To prevent the VAT evasion and to form a sound VAT paying culture, we can draw the policy directions for government as follows: First, it is necessary to strengthen the tax supervision of small business and the administration of tax sources of cash-income industry. Second, the tax-deductible rate of the received tax invoices should be increased in a short-term base, and a simplified taxation system should be abolished in a long-term base. Third, in cases a trader has not received a tax invoice, an additional tax should be applied. Forth, to issue the tax invoice faster and conveniently, it is requested to introduce a new system which issues electronic card of registration when a businessman applies for his/her business registration. Fifth, to make tax standard transparent, it is desirable to punish the violator, relating to credit card regulations, stricter than present and to enforce the electronic bookkeeping. Sixth, for the reduction of noncompliance rate and creating a climate for autonomous, faithful tax return, it is necessary to expand and intensify tax investigation. And also it is necessary to make the level of penalty tax higher up and the level of criminal punishment less down, to keep up tax audit coverage. Seventh, a trader who is eligible for simplified taxation, whose tax base is under 12,000 thousand won, should not be required to pay the value added tax. But it is desirable to cut down them for the fairness of tax burden. Eighth, the effective date of the revised tax law should be fixed. Ninth, it is necessary to reinforce publicity and to educate on tax system and administration, for reducing tax evasion or tax avoidance and encouraging faithful tax return. Tenth, as the tendency of VAT evasion of distribution industry turns out to be the highest, it is requested not only to intensify tax administration on them but also to establish system and incentives, for introducing information system in distribution industry(introducing POS system, computerization of transaction record, establishing EDI between traders).

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.238-260
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• 1998

This article describes the theoretical foundations of government policy for hospitals in terms of correcting market failure and enhancing equity. It then discusses the characteristics that desirable payment systems should have, and the effects of the DRG-based prospective payment system on hospital behavior, its financial performance, hospital industry, and health care expenditure. The rationales and impacts of other public policies for hospitals such as antitrust and fair trade regulation, dissemination of practice guidelines and hospital mortality information, regulation of hospital capital investment, and tax policy are also discussed.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.121-134
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• 1990

This paper examines the redistributive potential of capital taxations within the two-class overlapping generations model, where only capitalists are intergenerationally linked through heritable capital stocks. In particular, the dynamic welfare incidence of two different capital taxations is examined; first a capital income tax levied uniformly on interest earnings, and second, an estate tax levied on the intergenerational transfers of capital stock within the capitalists' families. Redistributive effects are measured by examining how the permanent and unanticipated changes in proportional capital income tax and estate tax rates affect workers' welfare when the proceeds in each period are distributed, in a lump-sum fashion, among young workers. It is shown that, except for in the short run, both the capital taxes are ineffective and may actually lower the workers' steady state welfare through the shifting of tax burden toward workers from capitalists. Differential incidence analysis shows that redistributive potential is diminished further when the lump-sum transfers are financed by the estate tax rather than by the capital income tax. Although the model examined in this paper is based on simple and strong assumptions, this study suggests that redistributive policy using the capital taxations may only have distortionary effects in the long run, without improving workers' welfare, by incurring dead-weight loss unless additional fiscal measures are implemented to increase the investment incentives.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.345-352
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• 2021

This study examines the status quo of the support system for companies of persons with disabilities in Korea, and then estimates the corporate income tax reduced from a special taxation system, same as one applied to social enterprises and standard workplace for persons with disabilities, using 「Data for registered companies of persons with disabilities」(2020.6) by the Disable Enterprise Business Center. Now companies of persons with disabilities have more than 87% in the business continuity rate, and their employment rate of the average rate for 2015-2017 is higher than public institutions and private companies, which is in line with the government's employment promotion policy for the disabled. However, article 14 (Support in Taxation) of the 「Act On The Facilitation Of Entrepreneurial Activities Of Persons With Disabilities」 is still declarative and optional. Meanwhile, the corporate income tax reduced by a simulation method was calculated to be about KRW 130.1 billion for 5 years (KRW 26.02 billion per year). In this context, when comparing the tax revenue to be reduced with a positive effect by securing the effectiveness of Article 14, it can be said that the tax support for companies of persons with disabilities is feasible.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.339-347
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• 2004

This paper asks the question: what choice of environmental policy instruments is efficient to reduce sulfur dioxide from stationary sources\ulcorner: In Korea, command and control has been a common way of controlling $SO_2-emissions.$ When compared to the non-incentive environmental policy instrument such as command and control, economic incentive environmental policy instrument has been the advantage of making polluter himself flexibly deals with in marginal abatement cost to develop environmental technology in the long view. Therefore, the application possibility of the incentive environmental policy instrument was studied in this research to realize the countermeasure for controlling of $SO_2-emissions.$ As a result, enforcement of the countermeasure such as flue gas desulfurizer by command and control would be suitable because power generation is performed by the public or for the public in source of air pollution and thus, economic principle is not applied to the polluter. In the source of industrial pollution, enforcement of fuel tax is found to be suitable for the countermeasure for the use of low sulfur oil in terms of the flexibility of demand for the price in the long tenn. For the permissible air pollution standards applicable to all air pollutant emitting facilities, enforcement of incentive environmental policy such as bubble, off-set, banking policy or tradeable emission penn its would be ideal in long terms according to the regional characteristics and the number and scale of air pollutant emitting facilities.