• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2003년도 제20차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.77-79
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• 2003

The effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal digests(FM) and its digests on the growth of broiler chicks and taurine content in the broiler meat were examined. Total of 100 broiler chickens were assigned to five dietary treatments: T1； Control, T2； feather meal(FM) 5 ％ diet, T3； NaOH treated FM 5％ diet, T4； HNO$_3$treated FM 5 ％ diet and T5； synthetic taurine 0.5 % supplemented diet. Taurine content of leg muscle was significantly(P＜0.01) increased by treatments. The highest increase over the control was shown by 0.5 ％ taurine diet(170 ％), followed by FM diet(123 ％), NaOH treated FM diet(122 ％) and HNO$_3$treated FM diet(63 ％). Taurine content of breast muscle was increased by 246 ％ in 0.5 ％ taurine diet but FM diets were not significantly different from the control. Taurine content of heart muscle was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. There were big differences in the average taurine content of the parts or organ of the control birds; 778 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g leg muscle, 79 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g breast muscle and 1482 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g heart muscle. It was concluded that taurine content of leg muscle of broiler can be increased by supplementation of feather meal. Alkaline or acid treatment FM was not effective in improving taurine enrichment of the broiler meat.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.801-807
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• 1998

Taurine content in Korean foods of plant origin was determined for 118 commonly used food items including cereals, potatoes, pulses, nuts, seeds, vegetables and fruits. Taurine concentration in food sample was analyzed using an automated amino acid analyzer(Biochrom 20, Pharmacia LKB) based on ion-exchange chromatography. Taurine was frequently detected in plant kingdom in much lower concentrations(1/100~1/1000) than those found in marine lifes and mammals. Glutinous rice, glutinous millent and sorghum did not contain taurine, while 0.7~3.9mg taurine/100g dry wt were detected in rice, barley and their products. Potatoes and sweet potatoes contained 0.3~1.2mg taurine/100g wet wt, and seasame seeds, perilla seeds, almonds, walnuts and gigko nuts contained 0.7~3.0mg taurine/100g wt. Taurine concentration was undetectable in most of the pulses, and in a large number of vegetables. Garlic bulbs, eggplants, green peppers, lotus roots, and cabbages have a relatively high level of taurine(around 1mg taurine/100g wet wt) among vegetables. Taurine was absent or found in very low levels(<1mg taurine/100g wet wt) in most of the commonly used fruits.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.657-663
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• 2008

The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective role of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) against cadmium (Cd) induced oxidative stress in murine erythrocytes. Cadmium chloride ($CdCl_2$) was chosen as the source of Cd. Experimental animals were treated with either $CdCl_2$ alone or taurine, followed by Cd exposure. Cd intoxication reduced hemoglobin content and the intracellular Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power of erythrocytes, along with the activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione content, and total thiols. Conversely, intracellular Cd content, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and glutathione disulphides were significantly enhanced in these cells. Treatment with taurine before Cd intoxication prevented the toxin-induced oxidative impairments in the erythrocytes of the experimental animals. Overall, the results suggest that Cd could cause oxidative damage in murine erythrocytes and that taurine may play a protective role in reducing the toxic effects of this particular metal.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.753-762
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• 2004

우모분(FM)과 우모분 digests가 육계의 성장률과 계육(가슴살, 다릿살) 및 심장의 taurine함량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 갓 부화한 Ross${\circledR}$ 병아리 100수를 5처리 2반복 반복당 10수씩(암 수 5수씩) 배치하여 6주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험사료는 기초사료(control) 에 FM 5% 첨가사료(FM), NaOH 처리 FM 5% 첨가사료(NaOH-FM), $HNO_3$ 처리 FM5% 첨가사료$(HNO_3$-FM) 그리고 합성 타우린0.5% 첨가사료(Taurine)를 시험사료로 공시하여 42일간 실시하였으며 21일령까지는 대조구사료를 모두에게 급여하였고, 처리 사료는 22일령부터 42일령까지 급여하였다. 증체량에 있어 처리구들은 control에 비해 낮았지만 유의차가 없었다. 사료 섭취량은 Taurine과 FM 급여구가 대조구에 비해 낮았고 NaOH-FM과 $HNO_3$-FM구들이 FM구 보다는 높은 경향이 있었다. 사료요구율은 NaOH-FM구가 FM과 $HNO_3$-FM구 보다 유의하게 높았고 대조구와 Taurine구와는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 대조구의 taurine 함량을 보면 심장근육이 1482$\mu$g/g 으로 가장 높았고 다리근육이 778$\mu$g/g이었고 가슴살이 79$\mu$g/g으로 낮았다. 다리살과 가슴살의 경우 처리간에 유의차(P<0.01)가 있었으나 심장에서는 유의차가 없었다. 다리살의 경우 control에 비해 처리구들의 taurine 함량이 유의하게 높았는데 Taurine 첨가구에서는 170%, FM구는 123%, NaOH-FM구는 122% 그리고$HNO_3$-FM구는 63% 높았다. 가슴 근육의 타우린 함량은 Taurine구가 타처리구들에 비해 유의하게 높았고 대조구에 비해서는 246% 높았다 성장의 경우에는 처리구들간에 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 육계후기 사료에 우모분을 5% 첨가했을 때, 다리근육의 타우린 함량은 효과적으로 강화시킬수 있었으며 우모분을 NaOH 나 $HNO_3$로 처리하는 것은 taurine 강화에 도움이 되지 않았다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 1989

한국인 lacto-ovo-vegetarian의 수유부를 분만후 15일부터 30,60,90,120,150일째의 수유단계로 나누어 모유중의 taurine함량의 경시적인 변화를 보았으며 이들의 대상은 23명이었고 결과는 다음과 같다. 초산부의 taurine 함량은 유즙 1ml 중 15일에는 356.1nmol, 30일 283.6 nmol, 60일 249.6 nmol, 90일 166.3 nmol, 120일 148.7 nmol, 150일 139.6 nmol이며 이들 평균치간에 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다(p<0.001). 경신부의 taurine함량은 유즙 1ml중 15일에는 401.6nmole, 30일에는 342.3 nmole, 60일 273.2 nmole, 90일 248.6 nmole, 120일 189.9 nmole, 150일 159.8 nmole이며 이들 평균치간에 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다(p<0.001). 초산부와 경산부를 비교해보면 초산부 보다 경산부에서 수유기간마다 더 높은 수치를 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 수유기간의 경과와 taurine함량과의 상관관계는 부의 상관관계로 초산부의 상관계수는 -0.641, 경산부는 -0.753로 초산부와 상관계수는 -0.641, 경산부는 -0.753로 초산부와 경산부를 합하여보면 r=-0.644로서 150일까지 유의하게 감소하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.174-178
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• 1996

The content of anserine, taurine, and L-histidine was measured by HPNC in the muscle of mature(670~690g) and juvenile(80~120g) rainbow trout fatmed in Chungsun, Korea. The concentration of anserine and taurine was higher in mature rainbow trout than in juvenile, but that of L-histidine was lower in mature than in juvenile. When measured with the chemiluminescence(CL) assay, anserine and taurine showed very powerful antioxidative activity above physiological concentration rainbow trout. Taurine still showed antioxidative activity below physiological concentration, while anserine showed prooxidative activity below that. L-Histidine was prooxidative dose-dependently. In TBA method, while taurine showed very week antioxidative effect, anserine appeared very powerful antioxidant and L-histidine prooxidant at physiological concentration. There was no synergism between anserine and taurine and anserine inhibited prooxidative effect of L-histidine.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2001년도 제18차 정기총회 및 학술발표 PROCEEDINGS
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• pp.102-103
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• 2001

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of feather digests on the growth of broiler chicks and taurine content in the broiler meat. In Experiment 1, a total of 40 broiler chickens(Ross) were assigned to 4 dietary treatments: control(T1), regular feather meal(FM) diet(R-FM, T2), NaOH treated FM diet(NaOH-FM,T3), HNO3 treated FM diet(HNO3-FM,T4). In Experiment 2, a total of 70 broiler chickens were assigned to 7 dietary treatments: T1~T4(same as those of Exp. 1), modified HNO3 treated FM diet(M-HNO3-FM,T5), hair meal diet(HM,T6) and 0.22% cystine supplemented diet(CYS,T7). Feather meals and hair meal were supplemented at the 5% in the diet. In Experiment 1 and 2, weight gain of chicks fed R-FM and NaOH-FM tended to be higher than those of the control and HNO3-FM. In Experiment 2, weight gain of chicks fed CYS was highest followed by NaOH-FM, HM, M-HNO3-FM, HNO3-FM, control and R-FM. In Experiment 1, taurine content in breast muscle of chicks fed NaOH-FM was significantly higher(P<0.05) than that of control. In Experiment 2, taurine content in breast muscle of chicks fed NaOH-FM and CYS tended to be higher than that of other groups. Taurine content in leg muscle was significantly different among treatments as NaOH-FM and R-FM being highest followed by M-HNO3-FM, CYS, control, HNO3-FM and BM. Taurine content in the liver(Exp. 1 and 2) and heart(Exp. 2) were not significantly affected by treatments. These results indicated that 5% NaOH-FM in the diet was effective in increasing taurine content in breast and leg muscle of broiler chicks.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.363-368
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• 1998

Taurine is only supplied to the infants from the breast-fed or formula milks because the enzyme activities of taurine biosynthesis are limited in early stages of infants . The objectives of present study were to quantitate the contents of tarurine in human milk and to estimate the intake of taurine by breast-fed infants during early period of lactation. Thirty -three lactating women, volunteered and delivered in R hospital in Serou. were recruited. Milk samples were collected every day at B1-B5 day(from 1 to 5 day dafter start of milk secretion), 15th and 30th day postpartum. Taurine contents were determined by HPLC equipped with RF-detector. The intake of taurine by infants was estimated by multiplization with the infant milk intake reported in our laboratory. The content of taurine was 406$\pm$174nmol/ml at B1-B5 day, and then gradually decreased to 359$\pm$125nmol/ml at 15th day and to 304$\pm$94nmol/ml at 30th day postpartum. The estimated intake of taurine was almost same as 24-25mg/day at B1-B5 day, and 15th , 30th days postpartum . This results was due to the increase of the intake of milk by infants.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1407-1413
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• 2009

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal (FM) on the performance of pigs and taurine content in pork. A total of 135 cross-bred (L${\times}$Y${\times}$D) pigs, weighing an average 46 kg, were assigned to five dietary treatments; Control, 3% FM supplemented diet (3% FM), 3% FM and 10 ppm pyridoxin supplemented diet (3% FMpyridoxin), 6% FM supplemented diet (6% FM) and 6% FM and 10 ppm pyridoxine supplemented diet (6% FM-pyridoxin). Each treatment had 3 replications of 9 pigs (4 gilts and 5 barrows) each. Pigs were fed for 11 weeks under a phase feeding program which consisted of grower (0-3 week), grow-finisher (4-8 week) and finisher (9-11 week) periods. During the whole feeding period, ADG and ADFI of pigs fed FM treatments tended to increase in general compared to the control. Feed conversion ratio (feed/gain) of the control was significantly (p<0.05) lower than FM treatments. Taurine content of the control was highest in heart muscle (1,393.8 ppm) followed by liver (647.3 ppm), tenderloin (601.2 ppm), ham (462.4 ppm) and loin (375.8 ppm). Taurine contents of heart, tenderloin, ham and loin were significantly (p<0.05) increased by FM treatments. Taurine content was highest in the 6% FM-pyridoxin treatment. Taurine content of heart, tenderloin, ham and loin on 6% FM-pyridoxin supplementation were increased by 91%, 23%, 27% and 29%, respectively, compared with the control. Sensory tests of the pork showed that there was no consistent response among the treatments. In conclusion, supplementation of FM and pyridoxin to a pig diet can increase taurine content of the pork.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2009

Taurine supplementation has been shown to have a beneficial effect on femur bone mineral content in ovariectomized rats. It therefore seemed desirable to find out whether the beneficial effect of taurine on ovariectomized rats fed calcium deficient diet could also be reproduced. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, One group was OVX and the other group received sham operation (SHAM), and received either control diet or a taurine supplemented diet for 6 weeks. All rats were fed on calcium deficient diet (AIN-93: 50% level of calcium) and deionized water. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured in spine and femur. The serum and urine concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were determined, Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations, Bone resorption rate was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Urinary calcium and phosphorus excretion, osteocalcin in blood and cross link value were not significantly different among the groups. Within the OVX group, the taurine supplemented group had not higher femur bone mineral content than the control group. This study established the need for a study on the taurine effect on bone with different calcium levels.