• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.551-557
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• 2002

Carbon nitride films have been deposited on Si(100) substrate by a high voltage discharge plasma combined with laser ablation in a nitrogen atmosphere. The films were grown both with the without the presence of an assisting focused Nd:YAG laser ablation. The laser ablation of the graphite target leads to vapor plume plasma expending into th ambient nitrogen arc discharge area. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy were used to identify the binding structure and the content of the nitrogen species in the deposited films. The nitrogen content of the films was found to increase drastically with an increase of nitrogen pressure. The surface morphology of the films was studied using a scanning electron microscopy. Data of infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate the existence of carbon-nitrogen bonds in the films. The x-ray diffraction measurements have also been taken to characterize the crystal properties of the obtained films.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1986

This study is concerned on computerized analysis of COG, torques and EMG amplitudes in weight-lifting motion. The results show that; (1) torques on major joints show a rather consistent relationship with respect to the sequence of four distinct motions in weight-lifting, (2) analysis of EMG amplitudes is a sensitive measure of both athlete's skill and his potential capability, and (3) range of COG variations can be used as indicator of motion stability, existence of undesirable posture, and target muscle for intensive training. A computerized routine, which includes analyses on COG, EMG and torque, is a scientific tool for coaching athletes. In addition, an Expert System which includes CAD routine was developed in order to promote better understanding for athletes and coaches.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2001

New information technologies have often been treated as innovations for target users. Although users in recent times have had significantly more opportunities to be socialized with information technologies, the rapid pace of technology development usually means that every new technology represents a fairly major change over the previous one. Although a fairly significant body of research that empirically tests these alternative models and theories is now in existence, some questions with regard to the role of perceptions in innovation adoption remain unanswered. This paper reports the results of a field study examining adoption of an information technology innovation represented by an internet application. Moreover, the study examines the effects of an important moderating influence-personal innovativeness-on this adoption process. Finally, the study seeks to shed further light on the determinants of perceptions by examining the relative efficacy of mass media and interpersonal channels in facilitating perception development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.725-728
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• 2001

We have fabricated thin films using the DC/RF magnetron sputtering of 74wt%Ni-l8wt%Cr-4wt%Al-4wt%Cu alloy target and studied the effect of the process parameters on the electrical properties for low TCR(Temperature Coefficient of Resistance) films. In sputtering process, pressure, power and substrate temperature, are varied as controllable parameter. The films are annealed to 400$^{\circ}C$ in air and nitrogen atmosphere. The sheet resistance, TCR of the films increases with increasing annealing temperature. It abruptly increased as annealing temperature increased over 300$^{\circ}C$ in air atmosphere. From XRD, it is found that these results are due to the existence of NiO on film surface formed by annealing. As a results of them, TCR can be controlled by variation of sputter process parameter and annealing of thin film.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1126-1133
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• 2013

The first spectrum auction in the Republic of Korea is attention-worthy owing to the fierce competition for the only 1.8-GHz spectrum license, the winning bidder of which was suspected of overpaying for its acquisition. This study empirically investigates the existence of a "winner's curse" in the first Korean spectrum auction by using a standard event study methodology. The results show that both the winner and loser experienced significant positive returns on the completion day of the auction. The results imply that there was no winner's curse in the auction and that the losing firm might increase its competitive advantage by acquiring other spectrum licenses despite failing to achieve its initial target spectrum. Therefore, these results suggest that regulators may need to consider bringing about positive short-term wealth benefits to all bidders by appropriately designing a spectrum auction, such as by performing multiband auctions.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.55-79
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• 2015

It is well known that using any additional information in the estimation of unknown parameters with new sample of observations diminishes the sampling units needed and minimizes the risk of new estimators. There are many rational reasons to assure that the existence of additional information in practice and there exists many practical cases in which additional information is available in the form of target value (initial value) about the unknown parameters. This article is described the problem of how the prior initial value about the unknown parameters can be utilized and combined with classical Bayes estimator to get a new combination of Bayes estimator and prior value to improve the properties of the new combination. In this article, two classes of Bayes-shrinkage and preliminary test Bayes-shrinkage estimators are proposed for the scale parameter of exponential distribution. The bias, risk and risk ratio expressions are derived and studied. The performance of the proposed classes of estimators is studied for different choices of constants engaged in the estimators. The comparisons, conclusions and recommendations are demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.240-243
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• 2002

Carbon nitride films have been deposited on Si(100) substrate by a high voltage discharge plasma combined with laser ablation in a nitrogen atmosphere. The films were grown both with and without the Presence of an assisting focused Nd:YAG laser ablation. The laser ablation of the graphite target leads to vapor Plume plasma expending into the ambient nitrogen arc discharge area. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy were used to identify the binding structure and the content of the nitrogen species in the deposited films. The surface morphology of the films was studied using a scanning electron microscopy Data of infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate the existence of carbon-nitrogen bonds in the films. The x-ray diffraction measurements have also been taken to characterize the crystal properties of the obtain films.

• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.619-623
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• 2005

The efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents on tumor cells has been shown to be modulated by tumor suppressor gene p53 and its target genes such as Bcl-2 family members (Bax, Noxa, and PUMA). However, various chemotherapeutic agents can induce cell death in tumor cells that do not express the functional p53, suggesting that some chemotherapeutic agents may induce cell death in a p53-independent pathway. Here we showed that etoposide can induce the similar degree of cell death in p53-deficient HCT 116 cells, whereas 5'-FU-mediated cell death is strongly dependent on the existence of functional p53 in HCT 116 cells. Further, we provide the evidence that etoposide can induce the cytochrome c release from isolated mitochondria, and etoposide-induced cytochrome c release is not accompanied with the large amplitude swelling of mitochondria. These data suggest that etoposide can directly induce the mitochondrial dysfunction irrespective of p53 status, and it may, at least in part, account for the p53-independent pathway in cell death induced by chemotherapeutic agents.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.2262-2269
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• 2010

A recent Tilting train development operation for existing line high speed, already developed "Korean Tilting Train eXpress(bellow TTX)" and that doing demonstration of operation. And TTX are going to commercial service in 2012. They are preparing Environmental Declaration of Product(bellow EDP) for offering environmental impact of TTX to customer. EDP calculated environmental impact of target product's whole life cycle(raw material and manufacturing, distribution, use, end of life) more quantity for that improving environmental impact and then certification them, it is using for that estimate some part of existence of specific pollutants, GHGs, energy consumption and recycling ratio. In this study, 1) analyze the process of getting EDP, 2) satisfy common criteria and each criteria(plan) in the Product Category Rules(bellow PCRs) provided KEITI, 3) according to ISO 14044, implementation of LCA. 4) These results be shown Characterized Impact(bellow CI) about each life cycle stage and six impact categories(ARD, GWP, OD, AD, EU, POC).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.286-289
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• 2004

On site, In situ soil remediation technologies are very important among the remediation technologies and in general efficiency of these technologies are turned to site characterization and environmental condition. specially using of only one technology has so many limitation factors. for example, existing state of tailing and channeling and so on. actually, filled land have high concentration cation exchange capacity because of existence in abundance soil organic matter. Therefore we used various on site in Situ technologies by phase for overcome the limitation factors. Target site is petroleum (diesel) impacted filled land and using technologies are SVE(Soil Vapor Extraction), BV(Bioventing), Bioremediation, Soil flushing, Chemical oxidation.