• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.364-372
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• 2012

Transient mixing states of two different fuel oils, dimethylformamide (DMF) oil and JetA1 oil, were investigated by using a color image processing and a neural network. A tank ($D{\times}H$, $310{\times}370mm$) was filled with JetA1 oil. The DMF oil was filled at a top tank, and was mixed with the JetA1 oil in the tank mixing tank via a sudden opening which was performed by nitrogen gas with 1.9 bar. An impeller was rotated with 700 rpm for mixing enhancements of the two fuel oils. To visualize the mixing state of the DMF oil with the JetA1 oil, the DMF oil was coated with Rhodamine B whose color was red. A LCD monitor was used for uniform illumination. The color changes of the DMF oil were captured by a camcoder and the images were transferred to a host computer for quantifying the information of color changes. The color images of two mixed oils were captured with the camcoder. The R, G, B color information of the captured images was used to quantify the concentration of the DMF oil. To quantify the concentration of the DMF oil in the JetA1 oil, a calibration of color-to-concentration was carried out before the main experiment was done. Transient mixing states of DMF oil with the JetA1 oil since after the sudden infiltration were quantified and characterized with the constructed visualization technique.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.729-736
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• 2013

The turbulent properties in a mixed statistically stationary flow were investigated experimentally by a pseudo stereoscopic PIV. In order to validate the experimental results, the profiles of the turbulent kinetic energy were evaluated with the flow features. A mechanical agitator having 6 blades was installed at the bottom of the mixing tank (D=60cm, H=60cm). The agitator was rotated with 80rpm clockwise and counter-clockwise. For the measurements, three cameras were used and all were synchronized. The images captured by one of the three cameras was used for the measurement of rotational speed, and the images captured by the other two cameras were used to measure three dimensional components of velocity vectors. All vectors captured at the same rotational angle were phase averaged to construct three-dimensional vector fields to reconstruct the spatial distribution of the flow properties. It was seen that the jet scrolling along the tank was the main source of mixing.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2000

In order to genralize the vertical dispersion of plume at long distances on mesoscale over complex terrain dispersion coefficients data have been obtained systematically according to lapsed time after release by using a composite turbulence water tank that simulates convective boundary layer. Dispersion experiments have been carried out for various combined conditions of thermal turbulence intensity mechanical turbulence intensity and plume release height at slightly to moderately unstable conditions. Results of tracer dispersion experiments conducted using water tank camera and image processing system have been converted into atmospheric dispersion data through the application of similarity law. The equation $\sigma$z/Zi=aX/(b+c X2)0.5 where $\sigma$2; vertical dispersion coefficient zi : mixing height X : dimen-sionaless downwind distance was confirmed to be an appropriate and general equation for expressing $\sigma$2 variation with turbulence intensity and plume release height, The value of "a" was found to be principally affected by mechanical turbulence intensity and that of "b" by mechanical turbulence intensity and release height. It was confirmed that the magnitude of "c" varies with release height. Results of water tank experiments on the relationship of $\sigma$2 vs downwind distance x have been compared with actual atmospheric dispersion data such as CONDORS data and Bowne's nomogram Operating conditions of a composite turbulence water tank for simulating the field turbulence situations of CONDORS experiments and Bowne's $\sigma$2(x) nomogram for suburban area have also been investigated in terms of water temperature difference between convection water tank and bottom plate heating tank grid plate stroke mixing water depth length scale and velocity scale. Moreover the effect of mechanical turbulence intensity on vertical dispersion has been discussed in the light of release height and downwind distance. height and downwind distance.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.1806-1813
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• 2003

The stirred tank reactor is one of the most commonly used devices in industry for achieving mixing and reaction. Here we report on results obtained from the large eddy simulations of flow inside the tank performed using a spectral multi-domain technique. The computations were driven by specifying the impeller-induced flow at the blade tip radius. Stereoscopic PIV measurements (Hill et $al.^{(1)}$) along with the theoretical model of the impeller-induced flow (Yoon et $al.^{(2)}$) were used in defining the impeller-induced flow as superposition of circumferential, jet and tip vortex pair components. Large eddy simulation of flow in a stirred tank was carried out for the three different Reynolds numbers of 4000, 16000 and 64000. The effect of different Reynolds numbers is well observed in both instantaneous and time averaged flow fields. The instantaneous and mean vortex structures are identified by plotting an isosurfaces of swirling strength for all Reynolds numbers. The Reynolds number dependency of the nondimeansional eddy viscosity, resolve scale and subgrid scale dissipations is clearly shown in this study.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.1290-1298
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• 2003

The stirred tank reactor is one of the most commonly used devices in industry for achieving mixing and reaction. Here we report on results obtained from the large eddy simulations of flow inside the tank performed using a spectral multi-domain technique. The computations were driven by specifying the impeller-induced flow at the blade tip radius. Stereoscopic PlY measurements (Hill et al. $^{(1)}$) along with the theoretical model of the impeller-induced flow (Yoon et al. $^{(2)}$) were used in defining the impeller-induced flow as superposition of circumferential, jet and tip vortex pair components. Large eddy simulation of flow in a stirred tank was carried out for the three different Reynolds numbers of 4000, 16000 and 64000. The effect of different Reynolds numbers is well observed in both instantaneous and time averaged flow fields. The instantaneous and mean vortex structures are identified by plotting an isosurfaces of swirling strength for all Reynolds numbers. The Reynolds number dependency of the non-dimensional eddy viscosity, resolved scale and subgrid scale dissipations is clearly shown in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.57-61
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• 2001

Tank mixing application of pesticides has been used to reduce labor and to control wide spectrum of pests, but it may cause significant pesticide poisoning on human and animals due to carelessness. The toxic response of pesticides for the tank mixtures and mixtures was investigated to determine acute toxicity and enzymatic change using experimental animals. Acute oral toxicity and acute dermal toxicity were tested by RDA test guideline. The $LD_{50}$ was calculated by probit analysis method and cholinesterase was measured with automatic analyzer. The toxicities were generally higher than estimated toxicities in tank mixing and mixture. Serum cholinesterase activity was inhibited more than expected at the dose levels of 1/5, 1/10 and 1/20 of $LD_{50}$. Therefore, the results of this study showed that acute toxicity caused by the pesticide mixtures should be considered before the tank mixing method is applied.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.18-23
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• 2016

Injection molded thermoplastic parts may need to be coated to facilitate paint adhesion, or to satisfy other surface property requirements, such as appearance, durability, and weather resistance. In this paper, a two-component polyurethane metering system was developed for the simultaneous injection and surface coating of a plastic substrate. The system was composed of storage tanks, feed pumps, axial piston pumps, mixing head. The tank was designed to be double-jacket structured and fabricated for polyol and isocyanate, respectively. A temperature chamber was used to maintain the material temperature to be $80^{\circ}C$ during flowing from storage tank to mixing head. Inside the chamber, feed pump, low pressure filter, high pressure pump, high pressure filter, pressure sensor, flow meter were installed. A mixing head of L-type was used for homogeneous mixing of polyol and isocyanate. Inside the mixing head, a cartridge heater and a temperature sensor were installed to control the temperature of the materials. The flow rate of axial-piston pump was controlled by using closed-loop feedback control algorithm. The input flow-rates were compared with the measured values. The output error was 6.7% for open-loop control, whereas the error was below 2.2% for closed-loop control. In addition, the pressure generated through mixing-head nozzle increased with increasing flow rate. It was found that the pressure drop between metering pump and mixing-head nozzle was almost 10 bar.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.469-472
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• 2004

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2014

Mixture of hydrogen and natural gas HCNG mixing equipment production and refueling experiment were performed for supply and product. Hydrogen and CNG in 30 : 70 ratio is mixing of HCNG was performed using ratio control. HCNG refueling method was calculated after reading the pressure of tank for full refuel, amount refuel. Both full refuel and amount refuel results mixed ratio 30 : 70 in the error limits of $H_2{\pm}2%$ met the criterion. HCNG composition analysis result in refueling tank using gas chromatography is satisfying the error limits in refuel tank 30 : 70 ratio were confirmed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.6B
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• pp.499-505
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• 2011

The mixing behavior of turbidity currents in a reservoir is closely related with the annual temperature change of the reservoir. In the summer, the reservoir has a well defined structure: one or two thermoclines and some layers of different densities. This density stratification inhibits vertical mixing and affects various hydrodynamic processes within the reservoir. Therefore, many reservoirs can be operated to release water of the specific quality with the selective withdrawal. In this study, the hydraulic experiments were performed to analyze the efficiency of selective withdrawal. The velocity distributions are measured with PIV in the stratified tank with the "two-tank" method. The relationship between the Richardson number and the selective withdrawal efficiency are provided using the measured velocity distributions.