• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2010

미래 전쟁은 네트워크중심전, 효과중심전, 동시통합전의 양상으로 전개될 것으로 예상된다. 그러나 현존하는 M&S 시스템은 과거의 플랫폼 중심전 모델에 맞는 단위 무기체계별 행동과 한정된 상호작용에 대한 모델만을 고려하고 있어, 분산된 센서, 통신자원, 슈터들이 네트워크를 통해 결합되어 상황을 공유/인식하고 유기적으로 운영되는 모습을 모델링하기에는 한계가 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 근래에 전투모델링 방법으로 그 실효성이 어느정도 인정되고 있는 에이전트 기반 모델링 및 시뮬레이션 방법을 이용하여 NCW 환경 하에서의 전투모델링 시스템을 설계 및 개발하였다. 기본 ABMS 방법론에서 NCW 효과 분석을 위한 개별 전투요소를 모델링하는 방법, 환경에 표현해야 하는 요소, 그리고 마지막으로 네트워크를 모델링하는 방법을 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2009

GPS의 이상 현상에 대한 대비 및 독자 항법 시스템을 구축하기 위해 유럽의 갈릴레오, 일본의 QZSS 등 세계선진각국의 GPS에 독립적인 위성항법시스템을 구축하고 있으며 GPS의 백업 용도로 지상항법 시스템인 Loran의 현대화 작업 등이 진행되고 있다. 국내에서도 독자항법에 대한필요성이 거론되었고 국내는 해상 및 국내 전 지역을 커버할 수 있는 신호 영역을 가진 DGPS신호의 대체항법 및 시각동기 인프라로서의 활용성에 대해 언급된 바 있다. GPS 보정 정보를 방송하는 DGPS 신호는 중파 대역으로 지표를 따라 전파되는 특성이 있다. 지표를 따라 전파되는 지표파는 지형의 전도율과 고도에 의해 전파의 전달시 추가지연(ASF)이 발생하고 이 추가지연은 항법 및 시각동기에 오차를 유발하게 된다. 지상항법시스템인 Loran은 중파를 이용하여 항법을 하고 있으며 DGPS 신호를 이용해 측위를 하기 위해서는 국내에 거의 연구사례가 없었으므로 유사 특성을 가진 중파를 이용한 Loran의 검증된 지연모델을 분석하고 이를 DGPS신호에 적용하는 것이 효율적일 것이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 중파의 검증된 지연모델을 분석하고 이를 국내 기술로 구현하여 DGPS 신호의 측위 가능성을 제안하고자 한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.661-675
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• 2022

In this paper, an electric vehicle drives with efficient control and low cost hardware using four quadrant DC converter with Permanent Magnet Direct Current (PMDC) motor fed by DC boost converter is presented. The main idea of this work is to improve the energy efficiency of the conversion chain of an electric vehicle by inserting a boost converter between the battery and the four quadrant-DC motor chopper assembly. Consequently, this method makes it possible to maintain the amplification gain of the 4 quadrant chopper constant regardless of the battery voltage drop and even in the presence of a fault in the battery. One of the most important control problems is control under heavy uncertainty conditions. The higher order sliding mode control technique is introduced for the adjustment of DC bus voltage and mechanical motor speed. To implement the proposed approach in the automotive field, experimental tests were carried out. The performances obtained show the usefulness of this system for a better energy management of an electric vehicle and an ideal control under different operating conditions and constraints, mostly at nominal operation, in the presence of a load torque, when reversing the direction of rotation of the motor speed and even in case of battery chamber failure. The whole system has been tested experimentally and its performance has been analyzed.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.45.1-45.7
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• 2022

Food security will be affected by climate change worldwide, particularly in the developing world, where the most important food products originate from plants. Plants are often exposed to environmental stresses that may affect their growth, development, yield, and food quality. Auxin is a hormone that plays a critical role in improving plants' tolerance of environmental conditions. Auxin controls the expression of many stress-responsive genes in plants by interacting with specific cis-regulatory elements called auxin-responsive elements (AuxREs). In this work, we performed an in silico prediction of AuxREs in promoters of five auxin-responsive genes in Zea mays. We applied a data fusion approach based on the combined use of Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and fuzzy sets. Auxin has a direct impact on cell membrane proteins. The short-term auxin response may be represented by the regulation of transmembrane gene expression. The detection of an AuxRE in the promoter of prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) in Z. mays and the 3-fold overexpression of this gene under auxin treatment for 30 min indicated the role of POP in maize auxin response. POP is regulated by auxin to perform stress adaptation. In addition, the detection of two AuxRE TGTCTC motifs in the upstream sequence of the bx1 gene suggests that bx1 can be regulated by auxin. Auxin may also be involved in the regulation of dehydration-responsive element-binding and some members of the protein kinase superfamily.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1807-1822
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• 2023

Innovation and rapid increased functionality in user friendly smartphones has encouraged shutterbugs to have picturesque image macros while in work environment or during travel. Formal signboards are placed with marketing objectives and are enriched with text for attracting people. Extracting and recognition of the text from natural images is an emerging research issue and needs consideration. When compared to conventional optical character recognition (OCR), the complex background, implicit noise, lighting, and orientation of these scenic text photos make this problem more difficult. Arabic language text scene extraction and recognition adds a number of complications and difficulties. The method described in this paper uses a two-phase methodology to extract Arabic text and word boundaries awareness from scenic images with varying text orientations. The first stage uses a convolution autoencoder, and the second uses Arabic Character Segmentation (ACS), which is followed by traditional two-layer neural networks for recognition. This study presents the way that how can an Arabic training and synthetic dataset be created for exemplify the superimposed text in different scene images. For this purpose a dataset of size 10K of cropped images has been created in the detection phase wherein Arabic text was found and 127k Arabic character dataset for the recognition phase. The phase-1 labels were generated from an Arabic corpus of quotes and sentences, which consists of 15kquotes and sentences. This study ensures that Arabic Word Awareness Region Detection (AWARD) approach with high flexibility in identifying complex Arabic text scene images, such as texts that are arbitrarily oriented, curved, or deformed, is used to detect these texts. Our research after experimentations shows that the system has a 91.8% word segmentation accuracy and a 94.2% character recognition accuracy. We believe in the future that the researchers will excel in the field of image processing while treating text images to improve or reduce noise by processing scene images in any language by enhancing the functionality of VGG-16 based model using Neural Networks.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.29-47
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• 2013

Distribution channel decisions involve long-term commitments with other firms that are very difficult to change or replace. In particular, marketing channel decisions in emerging markets are much more complicated due to unfamiliar conditions and problems such as lack of market data and distribution systems. Therefore, when a company considers changing or introducing a marketing channel in an area, it is much more difficult to judge its effectiveness in an emerging market than in a developed market. In this study, we investigate the development process of a new direct marketing channel of Hongfu Fertilizer Company (hereafter Hongfu), a medium-sized Chinese fertilizer manufacturer, and propose an approach to test the feasibility of this new marketing channel in the Chinese rural market. We measure the effectiveness of Hongfu's new marketing channel from two perspectives: i) from customers' perspective through direct responses of farmers, which showed that a new channel can increase the convenience and lower the purchasing costs for the farmers, and ii) from the company's perspective, by calculating the incremental profit of the company using the expansion factor (T/Q) method, which suggested that the execution of Hongfu's strategy to expand a new marketing channel will result in an increase in profits. The results of this study contribute to the development of a methodology to test the feasibility of a new direct marketing channel in the emerging markets such as the Chinese rural market. Traditional and indirect distribution channels in emerging markets are generally not very efficient and difficult to change. Especially, in emerging markets, like the Chinese rural market, the methods of testing channel feasibility must be different from that of developed markets. Considering market situations, market experiments can be more effective then systematic market surveys in testing channel feasibility in emerging markets. This study implies that managers must learn to cope with a transition from the traditional marketing channels in emerging markets. With the development in farmers' understanding of marketing concept, the transition from traditional marketing channel is unavoidable for all firms. Farmers in China are generally very conservative, however, their buying behaviors are changing. Therefore, fertilizer companies should try to adjust in accordance with farmers' demand characteristics that the efforts to meet the economic needs of farmers with new marketing channels as well as trust building are critical in the near future.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.7-26
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 문제 극복에 관한 인지 과정 모형인 INSTRAT 모형과 기능적 접근 모형인 Big6 모형을 대상으로 이 모형을 인간의 정보활동 또는 정보능력 개발학습에 적용시킬 경우 그 적합성에 대한 분석을 하였다. INSTRAT 모형은 논리적 해석을 통해 그 적합성을 분석하였으며, Big6 모형의 적합성은 Sense-Making 방법중의 하나인 Micro-moment Time-line 기법을 사용한 면답조사를 토대로 분석하였다. 분석결과 INSTRAT 모형은 정보행위시 도움을 요구하는 단계적 상황에 유효한 정보시스템 개발에 적합한 것으로 평가되며, Big6모형은 정보화 교육 또는 정보능력 개발학습에 사용하기에 적합한 것으로 평가되었다. 특히 본 연구는 정보문제 해결과 관련된 인간의 행동은 Big6 과정을 거친다는 사실을 처음으로 입증하였다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.231-249
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• 2024

When the amplitude of the vibrations is equivalent to that clearance, the vibrations for small amplitudes will really be significantly nonlinear. Nonlinearities will not be significant for amplitudes that are rather modest. Finally, nonlinearities will become crucial once again for big amplitudes. Therefore, the concrete panel system may experience a big amplitude in this work as a result of the high temperature. Based on the 3D modeling of the shell theory, the current work shows the influences of the von Kármán strain-displacement kinematic nonlinearity on the constitutive laws of the structure. The system's governing Equations in the nonlinear form are solved using Kronecker and Hadamard products, the discretization of Equations on the space domain, and Duffing-type Equations. Thermo-elasticity Equations. are used to represent the system's temperature. The harmonic solution technique for the displacement domain and the multiple-scale approach for the time domain are both covered in the section on solution procedures for solving nonlinear Equations. An effective data-driven solution is often utilized to predict how different systems would behave. The number of hidden layers and the learning rate are two hyperparameters for the network that are often chosen manually when required. Additionally, the data-driven method is offered for addressing the nonlinear vibration issue in order to reduce the computing cost of the current study. The conclusions of the present study may be validated by contrasting them with those of data-driven solutions and other published articles. The findings show that certain physical and geometrical characteristics have a significant effect on the existing concrete panel structure's susceptibility to temperature change and GPL weight fraction. For building construction industries, several useful recommendations for improving the thermo-mechanics' behavior of structural concrete panels are presented.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.379-389
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• 2024

연구목적과 연구방법:다중운집행사는 예측할 수 없는 변수에 의해 돌발적인 사고로 이어질 수 있다. 대표적인 사례 중 10.29 이태원 사고에 주목하여 사고 발생 과정과 관련 법제 등의 분석을 통해 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구결과: 이태원 사고를 보면, '초고밀도 군집체류'로 인한 '군집파동현상'이 발생하였으며 이를 회피하려는 서로 다른 방향의 군집과 압력으로 인해 군집 내 약한 위치부터 군집 파괴가 발생했다. 다중운집행사 안전관리 관련 법제를 보면 다중운집 장소 및 유형에 따라 법 규정이 상이하다. 법 사각지대에 대한 보완적 성격의 접근으로 인해 동일 개념의 유사 용어의 사용 및 체계적이지 못한 법체계가 해석과 적용에 있어 불확실성을 가져온다. 결론: 군집밀도가 8명/m²에 이를 것으로 예상되거나 도달한 시점의 행사는 군중의 통제 및 현장관리가 이루어져야 하며, 관련 법제에 대한 통일적인 법제 적용을 통해 정합성을 유지해야 한다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.207-228
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• 2007

Measuring Information Technology(IT) organizations' activities have been limited to mainly measure financial indicators for a long time. However, according to the multifarious functions of Information System, a number of researches have been done for the new trends on measurement methodologies that come with financial measurement as well as new measurement methods. Especially, the researches on IT Balanced Scorecard(BSC), concept from BSC measuring IT activities have been done as well in recent years. BSC provides more advantages than only integration of non-financial measures in a performance measurement system. The core of BSC rests on the cause-and-effect relationships between measures to allow prediction of value chain performance measures to allow prediction of value chain performance measures, communication, and realization of the corporate strategy and incentive controlled actions. More recently, BSC proponents have focused on the need to tie measures together into a causal chain of performance, and to test the validity of these hypothesized effects to guide the development of strategy. Kaplan and Norton[2001] argue that one of the primary benefits of the balanced scorecard is its use in gauging the success of strategy. Norreklit[2000] insist that the cause-and-effect chain is central to the balanced scorecard. The cause-and-effect chain is also central to the IT BSC. However, prior researches on relationship between information system and enterprise strategies as well as connection between various IT performance measurement indicators are not so much studied. Ittner et al.[2003] report that 77% of all surveyed companies with an implemented BSC place no or only little interest on soundly modeled cause-and-effect relationships despite of the importance of cause-and-effect chains as an integral part of BSC. This shortcoming can be explained with one theoretical and one practical reason[Blumenberg and Hinz, 2006]. From a theoretical point of view, causalities within the BSC method and their application are only vaguely described by Kaplan and Norton. From a practical consideration, modeling corporate causalities is a complex task due to tedious data acquisition and following reliability maintenance. However, cause-and effect relationships are an essential part of BSCs because they differentiate performance measurement systems like BSCs from simple key performance indicator(KPI) lists. KPI lists present an ad-hoc collection of measures to managers but do not allow for a comprehensive view on corporate performance. Instead, performance measurement system like BSCs tries to model the relationships of the underlying value chain in cause-and-effect relationships. Therefore, to overcome the deficiencies of causal modeling in IT BSC, sound and robust causal modeling approaches are required in theory as well as in practice for offering a solution. The propose of this study is to suggest critical success factors(CSFs) and KPIs for measuring performance for IT organizations and empirically validate the casual relationships between those CSFs. For this purpose, we define four perspectives of BSC for IT organizations according to Van Grembergen's study[2000] as follows. The Future Orientation perspective represents the human and technology resources needed by IT to deliver its services. The Operational Excellence perspective represents the IT processes employed to develop and deliver the applications. The User Orientation perspective represents the user evaluation of IT. The Business Contribution perspective captures the business value of the IT investments. Each of these perspectives has to be translated into corresponding metrics and measures that assess the current situations. This study suggests 12 CSFs for IT BSC based on the previous IT BSC's studies and COBIT 4.1. These CSFs consist of 51 KPIs. We defines the cause-and-effect relationships among BSC CSFs for IT Organizations as follows. The Future Orientation perspective will have positive effects on the Operational Excellence perspective. Then the Operational Excellence perspective will have positive effects on the User Orientation perspective. Finally, the User Orientation perspective will have positive effects on the Business Contribution perspective. This research tests the validity of these hypothesized casual effects and the sub-hypothesized causal relationships. For the purpose, we used the Partial Least Squares approach to Structural Equation Modeling(or PLS Path Modeling) for analyzing multiple IT BSC CSFs. The PLS path modeling has special abilities that make it more appropriate than other techniques, such as multiple regression and LISREL, when analyzing small sample sizes. Recently the use of PLS path modeling has been gaining interests and use among IS researchers in recent years because of its ability to model latent constructs under conditions of nonormality and with small to medium sample sizes(Chin et al., 2003). The empirical results of our study using PLS path modeling show that the casual effects in IT BSC significantly exist partially in our hypotheses.