• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 1부
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• pp.137-140
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• 2011

A systemic building maintenance management is necessary to supply an convenience and safety environment by maintain the origin features for a building's life. However, the exist maintenance management system has some problems such as interoperability of information or standardization of data. In those reasons, a critical information for maintenance a building may be lost and changed. In addition, the data could be crashed or lost on a process of re-input or re-produce. This paper purpose the interoperability in exchanging data between design/construction and operation phases. In addition, this model will enhance the efficiency of building maintenance tasks through information quality improvement and data reproduction prevention.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 1995

NATM as method of tunneling has been applied to construction of domestic subway, roads, rail way, water way etc. Accordingly, we have NATM's many drafts and constructional results, but many problems and accidents have occurred under construction of tunnel using NATM for shortage of technical data. Poorness of constructional improvement, systemic inconsistency etc. Especially, everyone was shocked at Gupo's train wrecking accident lately. The purpose of this thesis is presentation of means for setting technical problems, by looking into Gupo's train wrecking accident and home records that applying NATM in tunneling failed, to minimize future safety accidents we find that the general problems of home fifteen sites having occured accidents is badly geological survey, nonconfirmationi of base rock's state, formal measuring management, shortage of specialists, systemical discrepancy and that disregarding NATM's rules makes general problems. The results of this study are Summarised as follows : 1. We advise repletion of design standards to practice crosshole test for confirming connected rock base on vertical section of tunnel. 2. We advise to practice pre0boring and pre-grouting for a weak layer difficult in applying NATM. 3. We advise systemic improvements that field servicer can construct tunnel of his own free will considering base rock's state at tunnel . 4. We advise that specialist, who can make a conduct and supervise above mentioned items as well as measuring management, should be posted at field.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2019

Objectives: This study examined the safety of tattoo ink by analyzing the phenol contents in tattoo inks and its risk assessment of selected phenol. Methods: A sample of 30 tattoo inks was purchased, the phenol contents were analyzed, and a risk assessment on dermal exposure from tattooing was carried out. Hazard identification was collected from toxicity data on systemic effects caused by dermal exposure to phenol, and the most sensitive toxicity value was adopted. Exposure assessment ($Exposure_{phenol}$) was calculated by applying phenol contents and standard exposure factors, while dose-response assessment was based on the collected toxicity data and skin absorption rate of phenol, assessment factors (AFs) for derived no-effect level ($DNEL_{demal}$). In addition, the risk characterization was calculated by comparing the risk characterization ratio (RCR) with $Exposure_{phenol}$ and $DNEL_{dermal}$ Results: The phenol concentration in the 30 products was from 1.4 to $649.1{\mu}g/g$. The toxicity value for systemic effects of phenol was adopted at 107 mg/kg. $Exposure_{phenol}$ in tattooing was from 0.000087 to 0.040442 mg/kg. $DNEL_{dermal}$ was calculated at 0.0072 mg/kg (=toxicity value 107 mg/kg ${\div}$ AFs 650 ${\times}$ skin absorption rate 4.4%). Thirteen out of 30 products showed an RCR between 1.02 and 5.62. The RCR of all red inks was above 1. Conclusions: Phenol was detected in all of the 30 tattoo inks, and the RCR of 13 products above 1 indicates a high level of risk concern, making it necessary to prepare safety management standards for phenol in tattoo inks.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2019

연구목적: 본 논문은 물놀이 안전사고로 인한 인명피해를 실효적으로 감소시키기 위한 정책적 및 기술적 측면에서의 개선방안 도출을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 먼저 물놀이 안전사고 관리현황 파악 및 민간안전요원에 대한 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 또한 안전요원 및 관리자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 조사 결과를 바탕으로 구체적인 물놀이 안전관리를 위한 정책적 및 기술적 개선 사항을 검토하였다. 연구결과: 검토결과 물놀이 안전사고 방지를 위하여 IoT 인공지능 기술이 적용된 CCTV 및 감시 장치 등 보조적인 지원 방안이 필요하며, 현장 안전감시자의 제한적인 단속권한을 갖는 자격 부여가 필요한 것으로 검토되었다. 결론: 효과적인 물놀이 안전사고 관리를 위해서는 안전요원에 대한 체계적 교육, 단속권한 부여 그리고 감시장비 도입을 통하여 사람과 장비가 융합된 종합적인 물놀이 안전관리 체계가 구축되어야 한다.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigates human error accidents in the Korean railway sector, emphasizing the need for systematic management to prevent such incidents, which can have fatal consequences, especially in driving-related jobs. Research design, data and methodology: This paper analyzed data from the Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board and the Korea Transportation Safety Authority, examining 240 human error accidents that occurred over the last five years (2018-2022). The analysis focused on accidents in the driving, facility, electric, and control fields. Results: The findings indicate that the majority of human error accidents stem from negligence in confirmation checks, issues with work methods, and oversight in facility maintenance. In the driving field, errors such as signal check neglect and braking failures are prevalent, while in the facility and electric fields, the main issues are maintenance delays and neglect of safety measures. Conclusions: The paper concludes that human error accidents are complex and multifaceted, often resulting from a high workload on engineers and systemic issues within the railway system. Future research should delve into the causal relationships of these accidents and develop targeted prevention strategies through improved work processes, education, and training.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

본 연구는 신발, 타이어, 접착제 제조에 많이 사용되는 클로로프렌(chloroprene)에 대해 취급근로자의 건강장해 예방을 위해 유해성을 조사하고, 취급사업장에 대해 작업환경을 측정 노출농도 및 용량반응을 통해 위험성을 평가하였다. 클로로프렌은 국제암연구소(IARC)로부터 발암추정물질(2B), 표적장기 전신독성 및 생식독성물질로 국내 취급 사업장은 27개소, 연간 약 1,300톤이 사용되었으며, 노출 위험성은 노출환경에 따라 Monte-carlo simulation을 이용하여 산출하였다. 그 결과 국소배기장치가 없으며 1일 4시간 초과 작업시 발암을 일으킬 수 있는 위험성의 평균값은 26,404로, 국소배기장치가 있으며 15분 미만의 단시간 작업 경우 2,199에 비교해 매우 높은 위험성을 보였다. 그리고 표적장기 전신독성의 경우도 169.06으로 단시간 작업 경우 4.10에 비교해 표적장기 전신독성 발생 위험이 높은 것으로 평가되어 물질의 노출시간 및 환기방식에 깊은 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 클로로프렌 노출에 의한 근로자의 건강장해 예방하기 위해 국소배기장치의 가동과 방독마스크의 착용 등 노출저감을 위한 작업환경 관리의 필요성이 있었다. 특히 클로로프렌은 발암성, 생식독성 물질로 미국 산업안전보건청(OSHA)에서는 TWA를 5 ppm($18mg/m^3$) 이하로 관리하고 있으며, 본 유해성조사 결과에서도 현행 노출기준 10 ppm이하에서 표적장기독성, 생식기 장해 등 생체에 미치는 영향이 있는 것으로 나타나 있어, 위험성이 강하게 예측되므로 현재 사용하고 있는 우리나라 작업환경 노출기준(TWA 10 ppm)도 5 ppm 수준으로 강화하여 근로자 건강장해 예방에 기여할 필요성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2017

이 연구는 국내 대륙붕 주변에서 진행되는 심해 시추의 개요 및 현황에 대하여 시추의 개념 및 종류, 대륙붕 개발의 연혁 및 현황을 중심으로 검토하였고, 시추와 관련된 해양 환경, 안전법상 적용의 범위, 문제점 등에 대하여 법적으로 분석하였다. 그리고 이 연구는 해저광물자원의 체계적인 개발을 위하여 영국의 '해양구조물(안전관리절차)규정' 기초로 별도의 법률 신설 방안 및 해양환경관리법, 해사안전법, 석유광산안전규칙에 대한 개선안을 입법론적으로 제안하였다. 특히 해외 해양플랜트와 관련된 사고 사례를 기초로 국내 인력에 대한 국제인증교육에 준하는 교육훈련 및 평가 제도의 구축의 필요성을 강조하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2011

While human error happens repeatedly in the semiconductor industry in Korea, which has brought a tremendous loss from manpower, welfare etc., there are limitations to human error prevention activities. When a semiconductor company introduces new machines and facilities from Japan or Germany, the companies often do not consider human factors in the design. Also, semiconductor companies are so occupied with promoting increased productivity, their attention to human errors has been pushed aside. Negative aspects of technical exchange associated with safety management are one aspect of the industry's nature. A semiconductor company recently began acknowledging on the back of TQM(Total Quality Management) that human error has a decisive effect on the safety. There are a number of uncontrollable and hard to handle event sets because the nature of these events with a human error may often be threatened or very intensive. It is strongly required that systemic studies should be performed to grasp the whole picture of a current situation for hazard factors. This study aims to examine the human error approach through the case of human error prevention field activities in a semiconductor industry compared with the activities and experience in nuclear power plants.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2020

The questionnaire survey was carried out to collect basic data to identify the cause of the risk that did not appear in the current data provided by the fishermen's occupational accidents of the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperative (NFFC) to the onsite specialist, such as a fishing master, chief engineer and fisher in stow net fishing vessel from June to July 2018. The results are as follows. A total of 134 cases were surveyed, including 53 cases in Yeosu, 44 cases in Mokpo, 30 cases in Boryeong and 7 cases in Gunsan. Approximately 60% of the respondents on board the stow net fishing vessel were more than 20 years old, and the boarding experience was seasoned and suitable for the respondents. In the 4M analysis by safety accident factor during fishing work, the mechanical factors included 51 cases (25.0%) of decrepit equipment or poor maintenance and 49 cases (24.0%) of systemic error of fishing equipment. The environmental factors exhibited 71 cases (33.5%) of poor communication by mixed manning of foreign fishermen and 63 cases (29.7%) of poor environment such as heavy weather etc. The human factors showed 78 cases (37.3%) of personnel's carelessness and 45 cases (21.5%) of unskillfulness of operating net and haulers. The management factors exhibited 59 cases (32.1%) of work practice of poor safety precautions and 56 cases (30.4%) of inadequacy of education on hazard factor. The results are expected to contribute to the creation of a safe operating environment for stow net fishery, such as a fisher boarding a stow net fishing vessel, enabling the analysis of major causes of working safety accidents by cause.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.71-77
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• 2006

연간 100억톤 이상 사용되는 선박의 밸러스트수를 통하여 병원균이나 외래해양생물종이 전 세계적으로 이동함에 따라 해양생태계 의 교란 파괴가 심각한 문제의 하나로 대두되었다. 이에 선박 밸러스트수에 포함되어 다른 생태계로 전파되는 외래 생물종 및 병원균에 의한 해양환경 및 생태계 보호를 위하여 IMO 에서는 2004년 2월 "선박의 밸러스트수와 침전물의 통제 및 관리를 위한 국제협약"을 완성, 채택하였다. 하지만, 선박이 이동하여 밸러스트수를 배출하게 되면 외래생물종이 옮겨질 뿐만 아니라 각종 오염물질도 함께 배출되어 방류해역을 오염 시킬 수 있다. 그러나 이 협약은 오염물질의 이동이나 그로 인한 피해를 최소화하기 위한 규제를 전혀 언급하지 않고, 오직 수중생물이나 병원균과 같은 외래생물종의 이동을 최소화하는 데에만 초점을 맞추고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 근거리 항해로 완전한 밸러스트수 교환이 어려우며 항만공사 및 해양자원 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있는 동북아시아 주요항구로부터 출항하여 우리나라 항내에서 밸러스트수를 배출하는 선박의 밸러스트수 샘플을 채취하여 밸러스트수의 체계적인 관리에 필요한 기초자료로써 주요항에 출입하는 선박의 밸러스트수 오염도를 확인하였다.