• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.506-511
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• 1998

When the spermine, which is one of the polyamines containing cation in vivo, binds to DNA, it can increase the stability of DNA. At the same time, it can cause B-form to Z-form transformations of DNA. However, because we cannot determine the binding geometry of the spermine to DNA by using spectroscopic methods, nobody can show the accurate binding mechanism of a DNA-spermine complex. Thus, we used DAPI as a spectroscopic probe of spermine, which binding geometry was well known. At the result of base selective binding geometry of spermine to synthetic DNA, the concentration of spermine gets higher, it grows the hydrophobic environment of DAPI which bound the minor groove of adenine-thymine base pair. Simultaneously, spermine seems to bridge the backbones around the minor groove of $poly[d(A-T)_2]$. So that, the intensity of fluorescence spectrum of that shows sudden increasement. In guanine-cytocine base pair, $poly[d(G-C)_2]$, we can suppose that spermine bind to the major groove of that, shoving out the DAPI which is partially intercalated between the base pocket across the major groove of it. In both cases, spermine doesn't show the base selectivity against to DNA.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.115-123
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• 2011

Most of cameras being used in practice induce lens distortion; the amount of distortion depends on the specific applications as well as the camera cost. Up to now, many methods of lens distortion correction have relied on invariant properties of projective geometry to find distortion parameters. A common property is "the straight line in scene is straight line in image". However, if the straight lines are also parallel together, the previous works have missed this restriction in determining lens distortion parameters. In this paper, we propose a method that leads to guarantee of the restrictions simultaneously for the determination. Therefore, corrected image will close to an ideal image taken by the pinhole camera model. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by our experiments on both synthetic images and real images.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.61-66
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• 1998

Cyclodextrin are obtained from starch by enzymatic degradation. The three best characterize forms are ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\gamma}$ cyclodextrin consisting of 6, 7, and 8 D-glucose units, respectively. Each of the glucose units are in the rigid C1 chair conformation and are linked by ${\alpha}$ 1,4 bonds. This geometry gives the cyclodextrin the shape of a hollow truncated cone with the wider side formed by the secondary 2- and 3-hydroxy groups and the narrower side by the primary 6-hydroxy group. The most characteristics property of the cyclodextrin is their ability to form inclusion complexes with a wide range of guest moleculars. We syntheses per-6-substituted ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin derivatives and investigate structures, spectrospcopic properties. The substituted materials are piperidine, piperazin, morphorine. The synthetic compound showed a good solubility than natural ${\beta}$ cyclodextrin in organic solvents such as methylene chloride, methanol, ethanol, etc.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2002

Three-Dimensional scene reconstruction from images acquired with different viewpoints is possible as estimating Fundamental matrix(F-matrix) that indicates the epipolar geometry of two images. Correspondence points required to calculate F-matrix of two images include noise such as miss matches, so generally it is hard to calculate F-matrix accurately. In this paper, we classify noise into two types; outlier and minute noise. we propose SSOR algorithm that estimate F-matrix effectively. SSOR algorithm is rejecting outlier step by step in a noise environment. To evaluate the performance of proposed algorithm we simulated with synthetic images and real images. As a result of simulation we show that proposed algorithm is better than conventional algorithms.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.625-628
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• 2007

We present an efficient and robust technique to estimate the velocity of moving targets from a single SAR image. In SAR images, azimuth image shift is a well known phenomenon, which is observed in moving targets having slant-range velocity. Most methods estimated the velocity of moving targets from the distance difference between the road and moving targets or between ship and the ship wake. However, the methods could not be always applied to moving targets because it is difficult to find the road and the ship wake. We adopted a method estimating the velocity of moving targets from azimuth differentials of range-compressed image. This method is based on an assumption that Doppler center frequency shift of moving target causes a phase difference in azimuth differential values. The phase difference is linearly distorted by Doppler rate due to the geometry of SAR image. The linear distortion is eliminated from phase removal procedure, and the constant phase difference is estimated. Finally, range velocity estimates for moving targets are retrieved. This technique is tested using an ENVISAT ASAR image in which several unknown ships are presented. The theoretical accuracy of this technique is discussed by SAR simulation. The advantages and disadvantages of this method over the conventional method are also discussed.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.481-485
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• 1995

This paper presents a new approaching method to determine the velocity and geometry of shallow subsurface from seismic refraction events. After picking the first breaks from seismic refraction data, we assume that field refraction seismogram can be replaced by the unit delta function having time shift of first break. Time curves are generated by shooting ray tracing. The partial derivatives seismogram for a damped least squares method is computed analytically at each step of the forward ray tracing. The technique is successfully tested on synthetic and real data. It has the advantage of real full waveform inversion, which is robust at low frequency band even if the initial guess is far from the true model.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.225-227
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• 2003

Traditional photogrammetry and satellite image rectification technique have been developed based on control-points for many decades. These techniques are driven from linked points in image space and the corresponding points in the object space in rigorous colinearity or coplanarity conditions. Recently, digital imagery facilitates the opportunity to use features as well as points for images rectification. These implementations were mainly based on rigorous models that incorporated geometric constraints into the bundle adjustment and could not be applied to the new high-resolution satellite imagery (HRSI) due to the absence of sensor calibration and satellite orbit information. This research is an attempt to establish a new Line Based Transformation Model (LBTM), which is based on linear features only or linear features with a number of ground control points instead of the traditional models that only use Ground Control Points (GCPs) for satellite imagery rectification. The new model does not require any further information about the sensor model or satellite ephemeris data. Synthetic as well as real data have been demonestrated to check the validity and fidelity of the new approach and the results showed that the LBTM can be used efficiently for rectifying HRSI.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.904-907
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• 2014

In this work we present a robust and fast approach to estimate 3D vehicle pose that can provide results under a specific traffic surveillance conditions. Such limitations are expressed by single fixed CCTV camera that is located relatively high above the ground, its pitch axes is parallel to the reference plane and the camera focus assumed to be known. The benefit of our framework that it does not require prior training, camera calibration and does not heavily rely on 3D model shape as most common technics do. Also it deals with a bad shape condition of the objects as we focused on low resolution surveillance scenes. Pose estimation task is presented as PnP problem to solve it we use well known "POSIT" algorithm [1]. In order to use this algorithm at least 4 non coplanar point's correspondence is required. To find such we propose a set of techniques based on model and scene geometry. Our framework can be applied in real time video sequence. Results for estimated vehicle pose are shown in real image scene.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2019

By applying the method of SAR interferometry to X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of COSMO-SkyMed, detailed motion patterns of five glaciers in the Parlung Zangbo River basin, Tibetan Plateau, in January 2010 have been derived. The results indicate that flow patterns are generally constrained by the valley geometry and terrain complexity. The maximum of $123.9ma^{-1}$ is observed on glacier No.1 and the minimum of $39.4ma^{-1}$ is found on glacier No.3. The mean values of five glaciers are between 22.9 and $98.2ma^{-1}$. Glaciers No.1, No.2, No.4 and No.5 exhibit high velocities in their upper sections with big slope and low velocities in the lower sections. A moraine lake accelerates the speed of mass exchange leading to a fast flow at the terminal of glacier No.3. These glaciers generally move along the direction of decreased elevation and present a macroscopic illustration of the motion from the northwest to the southeast. The accuracy of DEM and registration conditions of DEM-simulated terrain phases has certain effects on calculations of glacier flow direction and velocity. The error field is relatively fragmented in areas inconsistent with the main flow line of the glaciers, and the shape and uniformity of glacier are directly related to the continuous distribution of flow velocity errors.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.87-97
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• 2020

In this study, the applicability of the geostatistical evolution strategy as an inverse analysis method of estimating hydraulic properties of small-scale basin was tested. The geostatistical evolution strategy is a type of data assimilation method that can effectively estimate aquifer hydraulic conductivity by combining a global optimization model of the evolution strategy and a local optimization model of the ensemble Kalman filtering. In the applicability test, the geometry, hydraulic boundary conditions, and the distribution of groundwater monitoring wells of Hanlim-Eup were employed. On the other hand, a synthetic hydraulic conductivity distribution was generated and used as the reference property for ease of estimation quality assessment. In the estimations, two different cases were tested where, in Case I, both groundwater levels and hydraulic conductivity measurements were assumed to be available, and only the groundwater levels were available, in Case II. In both cases, the reference and estimated hydraulic conductivity fields were found to show reasonable similarity, even though the prior information for estimation was not accurate. The ability to estimate hydraulic conductivity without accurate prior information suggests that this method can be used effectively to estimate mathematical properties in real-world cases, many of which little prior information is available for the aquifer conditions.