• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.755-759
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• 2007

In this study, we screened twenty four extracts of eight medicinal plants and three extracts of the commercial product for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were found active where as aqueous extracts were little or no active. Extracts of Sophora flavescens, Salvia miltlorrhiza and Glycyrrhiza uralensis showed strong activity againsttested organisms and could be the potential antimicrobial agent. The increase of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of formulations might be due to synergic effect. The results also indicated that the activity of bamboo salt and herbal products can be enhanced by making appropriate formulations.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.390-395
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• 2014

Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria. monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus are pathogenic bacteria that should not be detected in cosmetics and foodstuffs. Therefore, we first investigated the antimicrobial activities of extracts of Scutellariae Radix(SR), Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) and salicylic acid(SA) in these pathogenic microorganisms. Although SA has been known to exhibit anti-inflammation and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms, a high concentration of SA may cause serious side effects such as skin redness, skin burning, peeling or tissue damage. Hence, we focused on diminishing side effects followed by treatment of a high concentration of SA and investigated whether the combinations of SA with various concentrations(25-400 mg/mL), SR and CR with a concentration(100 mg/mL) which did not show antimicrobial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa exhibited meaningful antimicrobial effect against both strains. In our results, the combinations of SA with the lowest concentration(25 mg/mL), SR(100 mg/mL) and CR(100 mg/mL) exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against E.coli in comparison to SA alone(25 mg/mL) showing no antimicrobial activity. Moreover, the combinations of SA (100 mg/mL), SR and CR showed seven times higher antimicrobial activity against E. coli than SA alone(100 mg/mL) and exhibited a significant antimicrobial activity in comparison to ampicilin (p<0.05). The combinations of SA(100 mg/mL), SR and CR showed two times higher antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa than SA alone. Therefore, these results indicated that the combinations of SR, CR and SA with low concentration expressed the synergistic antimicrobial effect against E. coli and P. aeruginosa and showed great potential as an antimicrobial agent.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.858-864
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• 2007

This study investigated the antibacterial activities of sophoraflavanone G from Sophora flavescens in combination with two antimicrobial agents against oral bacteria. The combined effect of sophoraflavanone G and the antimicrobial agents was evaluated using the checkerboard method to obtain a fractional inhibitory concentration(FIC) index. The sophoraflavanone G+ampicillin(AM) combination was found to have a synergistic effect against S. mutans, S. sanguinis, S. sobrinus, S. gordonii, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F nucleatum, P. intermedia, and P. gingivalis, whereas the sophoraflavanone G+gentamicin(GM) combination had a synergistic effect against S. sanguinis, S. criceti, S. anginosus, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F nucleatum, P. intermedia, and P. gingivalis. Neither combination exhibited any antagonistic interactions(FIC index>4). In particular, the MICs/MBCs for all the bacteria were reduced to one-half$\sim$one-sixteenth as a result of the drug combinations. A synergistic interaction was also confirmed by time-kill studies for nine bacteria where the checkerboard suggested synergy. Thus, a strong bactericidal effect was exerted through the drug combinations, plus in vitro data suggested that sophoraflavanone G combined with other antibiotics may be microbiologically beneficial rather than antagonistic.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2021

본 연구는 항균 활성을 갖는 천연 소재를 검색하고 화장품의 보존제로써 적용을 위해 진행되었다. 디스크 확산법(disc diffusion method)을 통해 피부 병원성균 3 종(Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa)과 효모균(Candida albicans (C. albicans))에서의 천연 항균 소재 9 종을 검색하였다. Inhibition zone 크기를 측정한 결과, 오배자 추출물(Rhus Semialata gall (Gallnut) extract), 참나무 목초액 (Oak vinegar) 그리고 폴리리신(ε-polylysine)은 10 mm 이상으로 다른 추출물에 비해 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 병원성균 3종과 효모균, 곰팡이균(Aspergillus brasiliensis (A. brasiliensis))에서 최소살균농도(minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC)를 측정한 결과, 오배자 추출물과 참나무 목초액은 5 종의 병원성균에서 10 ~ 20 mg/mL와 20 ~ 40 mg/mL, 폴리리신의 경우 진균류에서 0.5 ~ 2 mg/mL으로 살균 작용에 의한 항균효과를 각각 확인하였다. Checkerboard 방법에 따라 오배자 추출물과 참나무 목초액, 오배자 추출물과 폴리리신의 혼합 비율에 따른 시너지 효과(synergistic effect), 부가 효과(additive effect), 무관함(indifferent) 그리고 상쇄효과(antagonistic effect)를 평가하였다. 그 결과, 단독으로 사용할 때보다 오배자 추출물과 참나무 목초액 복합물은 E. coli, C. albicans, A. brasiliensis를, 오배자 추출물과 폴리리신 복합물은 C. albicans, A. brasiliensis를 4 배 낮은 농도에서 99.9% 억제하며 항균 시너지 효과를 확인하였다. 오배자 추출물과 참나무 목초액 복합물은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa를 2 배 낮은 농도에서 억제하며 부가 효과가 확인되었다. 이로써, 오배자 천연 복합물은 항균 시너지 효과를 발휘할 수 있음을 입증했을 뿐만 아니라 넓은 항균 스펙트럼을 갖춘 천연 방부 시스템으로써 화장품에서 응용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.