• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.162-175
• /
• 1999

The study was intended to investigate and explore the preimenstrual symptoms, their severity levels, their patterns and the relationships of the age to those symptoms and patterns among Korean women. The data were collected from 844 women in one highschool, one Nursing college and one Korea National Open University in Seoul, from Nov, 1997 to Jun. 1998. The instruments were the Menstrual Symptoms Questionnaire developed by Chesney and the Center for Epidemiologic studies Depression scale developed by Radloff. the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple comparison test, $X^2$-test, simple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis using pc-SAS program. The results were as follows ; 1. Korean women had more symptoms of abdominal bloating, fatigue, abdominal discomfort and backache in perimenstrual period. There Teenages had more symptoms of depression and uterine cramps in the day before or the first day of menstruation. Women in their twenties had more symptoms of abdominal pain or abdominal discomfort, backache, abdominal bloating and the sensitiveness /discomforts in the lower back, abdomen and inner part of thighs. women in their thirties had more symptoms of abdominal bloating, fatigue, tension and nervousness before the menstruation, abdominal discomfort and backpain in the first day of menstruation. Women in their forties had more symptoms of backache, breast discomforts, abdominal pain and discomforts. 2. The severity levels of the perimenstrual symptoms showed the highest score(mean=2.73) in twenties and the lowest score)mean=1.96) in forties The perimenstrual symptom patterns were prevailed the spasmodic menstrual symptoms in teenage and twenties and the congestive menstrual symptoms in thirties and forties. The age was a determinant of perimenstrual symptom patterns and the precipitative equation was log[p(age)/(1-p(age)]=2.7356-0.0982 age. 3. The relationship of the age to perimenstrual symptoms was vanished or lessened, controlling for parity as a test factor. this finding supports the notion that parity is an extraneous variable.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2011

Purpose: It is difficult to objectively evaluate the outcomes of plastic surgical procedures. The combination of aesthetic and medical factors makes outcome quantification difficult. In this study, fracture reduction accuracy was objectively evaluated in patients with zygomatic complex fractures. Patients satisfaction with the accuracy was also examined. In addition, the patients' overall satisfaction and discomfort due to complications were analyzed. Methods: Eighty-five patients who had surgeries via bicoronal incision for zygomatic complex fracture from March 2006 to December 2009 were included in this study. Two plastic surgeons evaluated the accuracy of the fracture reduction with postoperative computed tomography. A survey questionnaire was administered to evaluate the patients' overall satisfaction and the impact of symptoms associated with the procedure on the patients' daily lives. Results: The overall patient satisfaction rate was $82.1{\pm}10.9%$ (range, 45~100%). The level of deformation was $6.7{\pm}10.9%$, the levels of discomfort in daily life due to pain, paresthesia, scar, and facial palsy were $8.5{\pm}13.2%$, $5.8{\pm}8.9%$, $4.4{\pm}9.9%$, and $1.9{\pm}9.2%$, respectively. According to the visual analogue scale, paresthesia was found to be the most frequent symptom (43.5%), and pain was the most troublesome symptom. Conclusion: The use of bicoronal incision for treating zygomatic complex fractures can cause various complications due to wide incision and dissection. However, this technique can provide optimized reduction and rigid fixation. Most of these postoperative complications can cause significant discomfort in the patient. It is thought that the use of correct surgical technique and the accurate knowledge of craniofacial anatomy will result in a reduction of complications and significantly increase patient satisfaction.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2015

Objectives : Vertigo is a sensation of spinning while stationary. It is commonly associated with nausea or vomiting, unsteadiness (postural instability), falls. It can affect a person's thoughts and life style. Recurrent episodes in those with vertigo are common and frequently impair the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical effects of herbal medicine on vertigo.Methods : We employed oriental medical treatments; herbal-medication (Banhabaekchulcheonma-tang gamibang), acupuncture and moxibustion. At the same time, the blood cupping therapy in the neck area was applied. We treated the patients two or three times a week with oriental therapy methods. They took medicine three times a day after a meal. During taking medicine, we let the patients avoid fatty food, flour based food, and alcohol. We determined the course of treatment with visual analogue scale (VAS). We let them respond to a VAS item between 0 and 10 point continuously. The symptoms that we evaluated were vertigo, headache, chest discomfort, nausea and vomiting.Results : After taking treatment - acupuncture and moxibustion during some period and taking herbal-medicine, the VAS scale was gradually getting decreased. Generally the symptom of vomitting and nausea was eased at first, and then the symptom of chest discomfort, headache, vertigo was relieved.Conclusions : Banhabaekchulcheonma-tang gamibang was effective in the treatment of vertigo and its related symptoms, headache, chest discomfort, nausea and vomiting.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.749-754
• /
• 2001

In oriental medicine, Byun-jo(煩躁) is including in insomnia, restless, uneasiness, chest discomfort, irritation et all. Byun-jo is one of symptom in Soyangin(少陽人)(one of human type in Sasang constitutional medicine(四象醫學) the lower chest-overheated disease(胸膈熱證). In the book 'dongyi soose bowon(東醫壽世保元)', Soyangin Yanggueksanwha-tang(凉膈散火湯) is used at Soyangin the lower chest-overheated disease. One patient usually who had suffered from chest discomfort, insomnia of Byun-jo, after cerebral infarction the symptom of Byun-jo had grown worse, the patient was classified as Soyangin by somatotype, personality, therefore the patient treated with Soyangin Yanggueksanwha-tang for 10days, and the patient improved in clinical symptoms. so we report it for the better treatment.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2008

1. Objectives I investigated the effects and mechanisms of Semen Tiglii(ST, 巴豆), Radix Euphorbiae Kansui(REK, 甘遂) and Pedicelus Melo(PM, 瓜莘) in the view of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 2. Methods I analyzed the literature about oriental medicine and Sasang Constitutional medicine related to herbal Medicine. The contents analyzed were efficacious disease, dosage, usage, side effect, toxicity. 3. Results The first, similarities of ST, REK and PM are improving Gwangyuk, the Chest Discomfort with Constipation, Dysuria and Nausea, toxic, used in urgency, asministered by itself and used shaped powder. The second, ST and REK used the diseases related water and food metabolism in Soumin and Soyangin. PM used the diseases related Qi and fluid metabolism in Taeumin. The third, diarrhea caused by ST and REK is symptom to retrieve the diseases related water and food metabolism. The vomiting caused by PM is symptom to retrieve the diseases related Qi and fluid metabolism. 4. Conclusions The ST, REK and PM is good herbal medicine (() retrieve the urgency symptom caused by the body unbalance in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. The proper dosage is essential because of toxicity of drugs.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.16-28
• /
• 2021

Introduction The Sasang Urination Defecation Inventory was developed to analyze Sasang-type specific pathophysiological clinical symptoms, and its revised Sasang Urination Inventory (SUI) illustrated its clinical usefulness in Sasang type differentiation. However, the correlation with established clinical measures for its concurrent validity were not provided yet. Methods Total of 48 healthy university students were recruited to response Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) and Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) of Western medicine along with the SUI of traditional Korean medicine. The correlation coefficients between UDI-6 and OABSS and SUI were acquired with Pearson's correlation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Profile Analysis were used to analyze significant differences in SUI subscale profiles of each Sasang types. Results The SUI-HSS of urogenital hypersensitivity correlated positively with OABSS (r=0.442, p<0.01), and the SUI-DIS of urinary discomfort positively with UDI-6 (r=0.289, p<0.05). Interestingly, the SUI-total was correlated positively with age (r=0.326), height (r=0.318) and weight (r=0.304). The SUI-DIS for urinary discomfort of So-Yang (9.48±2.11) type was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of Tae-Eum (7.2±2.90) type. And SUI subscale profiles of each Sasang type were significantly (Wilks' Lambda=0.792, F=2.723, p=0.034) distinctive to each other. Discussion The acceptable convergent validity of SUI was shown using established measures of urogenital symptoms. The SUI might be used as an objective traditional Korean clinical measure for Sasang type differentiation and urological patients.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.59-71
• /
• 2017

Objectives It is important to decide if the patient is belong to cold syndrome or heat syndrome in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. The purpose of this study is to report some proof to determine cold and heat syndrome and characteristic of the patient who can be treated with Cheongsimyeonja-tang. Methods To evaluate the results of this treatment, muscular symptom was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The patient's general condition such as urinary and fecal discomfort is assessed by the progress notes. Results The patient did not improved when she was treated with Choweseuncheung-tang. But when she was treated with Cheongsimyeonja-tang, she got improved with not only her main problem such as muscular symptom, but also general condition such as indigestion, urinary & fecal discomfort and menopausal symptom. Conclusion This study suggests that number of defecation per day also can be the clue to decide heat or cold syndrome not only appearance of defecation. And the patients who can be treated by Cheongsimyeonja-tang is different from the patients who can be treated by Yeoldahansotang in the color of their face, personality and edema.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.132-143
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of a self-management program on symptom and functional status, health perception, and quality of life(QOL) of patients with CHF. Methods: Patients with CHF as defined through clinical judgment using the Framingham criteria and EF<50% were enrolled in the study (experimental: 21, control: 20). The symptom focused self-management program consisted of coping behaviors for symptoms including dyspnea, chest discomfort/pain, dizziness, ankle edema, and basic self-management including medications, diets, activity, lifestyle changes. Experimental group received an educational booklet after survey, and periodic telephone follow-up by a trained nurse. Data were collected the 3rd day after admission and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge using questionnaires. Results: Significant differences were found in the presence of symptoms, health perception, and QOL between groups during follow-up. Although no significant difference was found in functional status, the experimental group reported better functional status than the control group. Conclusion: By facilitating self-management of CHF using tailored interventions including education programs and telephone monitoring, it is expected that patients will be able to monitor their symptoms routinely, adhere to therapeutic regimen, and have a better QOL.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2016

Chronic prostatitis/Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common disorder to men that involved urinary symptoms and sexual activity-related discomfort. As a pathophysiology of the diseases has not been established, CP/CPPS is diagnosed on the basis of symptoms, principally pain or discomfort in the pelvic region. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effects of Korean medicine, Sibimijihwang-tang(十二味地黃湯), bee venom pharmacopuncture, and acupuncture treatment on 6 cases of CP/CPPS. 6 patients were treated with Korean medicine, Sibimijihwang-tang and acupuncture and bee venom pharmacopuncture was given into Hoeeum(CV1) et al. National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was used to assess treatment effect. After treatment, NIH-CPSI decreased significantly all the patients. Sibimijihwang-tang, bee venom pharmacopuncture and acupuncture treatment was shown fairly effective to CP/CPPS.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.257-260
• /
• 2012

Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts usually cause symptoms related to spinal cord or nerve root compression. Here, we report an atypical presentation of a spinal extradural arachnoid cyst combined with congenital hemivertebra which was presented as a retroperitoneal mass that exerted mass effects to the abdominal organs. On image studies, the communication between the cystic pedicle and the spinal arachnoid space was indistinct. Based on our experience and the literature of the pathogenesis, we planned anterior approach for removal of the arachnoid cyst in order to focus on mass removal rather than ligation of the fistulous channel. In our estimation this was feasible considering radiologic findings and also essential for the symptom relief. The cyst was totally removed with the clogged 'thecal sac-side' end of the cystic pedicle. The patient was free of abdominal discomfort by one month after the surgery.