• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.78-87
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify relationship of urinary symptom, urinary discomfort and quality of life among the bladder cancer patients and benign prostate hypertrophy patients, and to contribute health promotion of such patients and nursing intervention development based on this results. Method: Study sample recruited bladder cancer patents(n=49) and benign prostate hypertrophy patients who admitted Seoul National University Hospital from June, 2002 to June, 2003. Both group patients were operated, and prostate hypertrophy patients group (mean 67.8 years old) were older than bladder cancer patients group(60.82 years old). Instruments was composed of general characteristics, urinary symptom scale(19 items), urinary discomfort scale(19 items) and quality of life scale(21 items). Data was analysed SPSS PC + 10. using mean, standard deviation, pearson correlation coefficient. Result as follows: 1. There was a statistically significant difference in occupation between two groups (p=.027). Hypertrophy patients group's age was more older than bladder cancer patients group. 2. The prostate hypertrophy patients group had the significantly higher score in urinary symptom (p=000) and nighttime urination frequency. However, there was no significant difference in incontinence symptoms and the symptoms associated bladder cancer between two groups. 3. The prostate hypertrophy patients group had significantly higher score in urinary discomfort (p=000) than the bladder cancer patients group. However, there was no significant difference incontinence discomfort and the discomfort associated bladder cancer between two groups. 4. The prostate hypertrophy patients group suffered more urinary discomfort than the bladder cancer patients group did. The quality of life the prostate hypertrophy patients group was lower than the quality of life the bladder cancer patients group. Quality of life was no statistically significant difference between two groups (p=000). 5. There was a positive correlation between urinary symptoms and urinary discomfort. However, there was a negative correlation between the quality of life and urination symptoms and discomfort. Conclusions: The prostate hypertrophy patients group had significantly higher score in urinary symptom and urinary discomfort (p=000) than the bladder cancer patients group. The quality of life the prostate hypertrophy patients group was lower than the quality of life the bladder cancer patients group. This means that urinary symptom and urinary discomfort in prostate hypertrophy patient group is more important problem. So, prostate hypertrophy patient group need to control the symptom. Therefore, nurses will be provide the intervention program to improve the bladder function after prostate hypertrophy surgery.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.40-52
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to describe disease characteristics, psycho-social factors and treatment behavior of patients with lupus and to analyze relationships anions these variables. The subjects were consisted of 120 lupus patients at G university hospital in Seoul. Data were collected by means of structured interview with questionnaires, and analyzed by using frequencies, $x^2$test, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation. The results were as follows; 1. The average age of the subjects was 31.34 years and average duration of suffering lupus was about 7.3years. Severity of symptoms was moderate and the disturbance of living activities was at the very low level. 2. Self-efficacy score of lupus patients was high, and life satisfaction was at moderate level. 3. Dosage for most of the subjects was about twice a day. 16.7% of them took non-prescribed medicine and only 27.5% perform exercise. 4. Positive correlation was shown among symptom, discomfort of living activities, self-efficacy and life satisfaction, while there was negative correlation among symptom and self-efficacy, symptom and life satisfaction, discomfort of living activities and self-efficacy, and discomfort of living activities and life satisfaction. In addition, exercise showed significant relationship with discomfort of living activities, and non-prescribed medicine showed significant relationship with discomfort of living activities and self-efficacy. These results show that lupus is a chronic disease of long suffering duration among young people. Severity of the symptom was at modest level, while discomfort of living activities were relatively insignificant. However self-efficacy was relatively high. Furthermore self-efficacy has influences on symptom and discomfort of life activities, just as exercise affects discomfort of life activities. Therefore it is required to examine further measures for continuous exercise.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.372-389
• /
• 1995

The frequency with which administration of chemotherapy for gynecological cancer treatment is used has increased along with the use of surgery and radiotherapy Among the various side effects of chemotherapy, stomatitis causes a problem of function and sensation in the oral cavity. This oral discomfort can be categorized into two components ; perceived oral symptoms and observed oral symptoms. If the oral problem continues, it may cause infection, bleeding and nutritional deficiencies. As a result of this condition, compliance with the treatment process can be affected as well as the prognosis for the cancer patients. But as the oral discorrfort usually appears after chemotherapy, it is often not reported to the health care personnel as a patient problem. Without problem identification of the oral discomfort and ability to assess the problem, effective intervention cannot be planned. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the pattern and the degree of oral discomfort due to cancer chemotherapy and thus to provide data for identification of the patient problem and for nursing assessment. The design of this study was a longitudinal de-scriptive study The subjects were in - patients who received chemotherapy under the diagnosis of gynecological cancer between Mar. 15, 1994 and May 15, 1994 at a general hospital in Seoul, Korea. The number of subjects was 64 and they were divided into two groups, one of 41 (A : 5FU & Neoplatin), the other of 23(B : Neoplatin, Cytoxan, Adriamycin), according to the treatment regimen. The data were collected for 24 days using self-re-port instruments. The instruments were the 「Perceived Oral Symptom Assessment Tool」 and 「Observed Oral Symptom Assessment Tool」 developed by this researcher. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-PC program, ANOVA, t-test, paired t-test and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient were applied. The results of this study are as follows : 1. In A regimen the peak time for perceived oral symptom scores was the fifth day after chemotherapy, and the tenth day for observed oral symptom scores. Both of the problems started on first day of chemotherapy and were not resolved completely until the 24th day after treatment. 2. In B regimen, the peak time for perceived oral symptom scores was on the seventh day after chemotherapy, and the eighth day for observed oral symptom scores. It was noted that perceived oral symptom scores were higher than observed oral symptom scores consistently for 24 days. Both also started on first day of chemotherapy, and were not resolved completely until the 24th day after chemotherapy. 3. There were no differences statistically in perceived oral symptom scores between A and B regimen. The loss of appetite and xerostomia caused the most severe discomfort in both of these two groups. 4. The were no differences statistically in observed oral symptom scores between the A and B regi moil. In the A regimen, the highest observed symptom scores were the lips, gingiva, tongue and buccal membrane in that order. But in the B regimen, the highest observed symptom scores were tongue, lips, buccal membrane and gingiva in that order. 5. In A regimen, the patients who had gingival edema and dentures had significantly higher perceived oral symptom scores. And those who had gingival edema and bleeding, foul odor and aphthous stomatitis had significantly higher observed oral symptom scores. 6. In B regimen, the patients who had the experience of stomatitis in the last course of chemotherapy had significantly higher perceived oral symptom scores. Those who had gingival edema had significantly higher observed oral symptom scores. 7. In the A regimen there was no correlation between lab values for lymphocytes and albumin with perceived oral symptom scores and observed oral symptom scores. In the B regimen, there was a significant negative correlation between lymphocytes and albumin with the observed oral symptom scores, but not between perceived oral symptom scores and lymphocytes and albumin values. In conclusion, the nurse should expect that the patient undergoing chemotherapy will complain severely about subjective discomfort and before objective physical change is observed. Also the patients who have chronic oral problems such as dentures, gingival edema and bleeding, foul odor, aphthous stomatitis will complain of severe oral discomfort due to chemotherapy.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 1987

In order to evaluate the effect of unilateral tooth clenching, the author observed a feature of producing the symptom complex related to pain and discomfort by the isometric unilateral canine biting under force of 5kg(FS) in Korean 31 adult females within normal masticatory function who were divided into the bilateral, the right and the left group according to their habitual sides of mastication, and analyzed the observed data statistically. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The duration of the isometric unilateral canine biting maintained before the occurrence of symptom complex related to pain and discomfort 66.72 seconds at right side and 39.50 seconds at left side in a group of subjects with bilateral habitual mastication. And the difference of the duration between of unilateral biting side was almost significant (P<0.05). 2. The most frequent region of occurrence of symptom complex related to pain and discomfort by the isometric unilateral canine biting was the contralateral superficial masseter muscle in a group of subjects with bilateral habitual mastication.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.365-375
• /
• 2003

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the health related quality of life and related factors of organ transplant recipients. Method: The participants were 188 people who had liver(86), kidney(81), or heart(24) transplanted. Data on the demographic characteristics, transplantation-related characteristics, symptom frequency or discomfort measured by Transplant Symptom Frequency and Symptom Distress Scale by Lough et al(l987), and health related quality of life measured by SF-36(version 2) were collected. Result: Overall health related quality of life score was 492.1 for 100scoring and, 344.9 for norm based. Physical functioning showed the highest quality of life score (77.5) and vitality showed the lowest(51.l). The kidney transplanted showed the highest quality of life (504.4) and the heart transplanted showed the lowest(426.7) Quality of life was related with occupation(p=.016) and symtom discomfort(p < .0001). Conclusion: The health related quality of life of transplated patients was lower than the norm of American. Further studies need to be done to identify the norm of Korean and to investigate the effect of releving symptom discomfort on the increasing the health related quality of life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.9
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the musculoskeletal discomfort and the physical region related symptoms. The outcome of the study uses KOSHA Code H-30-2003 which defines possible symptoms into different categories. Symptom I, ll showing the highest occurrence rate in shoulder and neck regions and most of Symptom III, IV come from back region. Analysis of the factors influencing the musculoskeletal discomfort vary in different parts of the body. In the neck region, the discomfort related to rest and the computer keyboard. Gender affects the magnitude of pain in the shoulder region. Wrist pain is related to the chairs being used and back discomfort is influenced by shoulder exercise and the degree of rest taken. Physical fatigue due to work affects all the regions mentioned above. Conclusively, office workers are prone to the musculoskeletal discomfort due to their work environment. To alleviate this problem, the workers need to be educated with proper long-term musculoskeletal related health programs and exercise program containing various stretching methods. In addition, the effort to improve the variables in this study would help to reduce the rate of musculoskeletal discomfort.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This descriptive correlational study was intended to analyze the relationship among menopausal symptoms. competency of self-care agency and social support in middle-aged women. Methods: Participants in the study were 140 women who were 45-60 years of old. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics., t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\grave{e}}^{\prime}s$ test and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The frequency and discomfort of menopausal symptom were low, but the mean discomfort score were higher than frequency score. Middle-aged women with lower competency of self care experienced more frequent menopausal symptoms (t=-0.28, p=.001) and more discomfort (t=-0.24, p=.004). However, There was no significant difference in menopausal symptoms according to social support. Conclusion: Nursing interventions to enhance competency of self-care agency in middle-aged women are required in order to reduce the discomfort of menopausal symptoms.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.169-188
• /
• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of Bunsimgi-eum on the chest discomfort of Hwa-byung's major symptom. Methods : In this randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled study, we planned to give Bunsimgi-eum or controlled medication for major symptoms of Hwa-byung. As preparatory research, 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for chest discomfort, the Hwa-byung' major symptom was measured as the 1st evaluative instrument, and Likert scale for major symptom of Hwa-byung, Korean State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory(STAXI-K), Korean State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI-K), Korean Beck's Depression Inventory(BDI-K) and Heart Rate Variability(HRV) were also measured as the 2nd evaluative instrument at the before treatment. Results : Clinical characteristics-vital signs & demographic characteristics showed no significant difference between both groups. The characteristics of disease-chief complaint, pattern Identification, period, etiological factor, etc, also showed no significant difference between both groups. There were almost no Coincidence between pattern identification & weight of Hwa-byung's major symptoms. The results of Chest PA, EKG and clinicopathologic examination showed no significant difference between both groups. There were no significant difference between both groups in all valuation scales; 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale for chest discomfort, the Hwa-byung' major symptom was measured as the 1st evaluative instrument, and Likert scale for major symptom of Hwa-byung, STAXI-K, STAI-K, BDI-K and HRV. Conclusions : We considered that establishment of experimental group and controlled group was objective and worth conducting this research. And this methodology is expected to be applied to the subsequent research. And also, we hope to make up for this study through various study and discussion.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.145-154
• /
• 2003

Purpose: The study was to furnish basic raw materials that evaluate the efficacy of meatal care according to the form and the relative importance of symptom distress which most of cancer sufferers have been experienced. For that, an investigation of five diverse major cancer symptom distress made a comparison between symptom distress and degree of suffering. Method: Study subjects were 138 inpatients with stomach cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), large intestine cancer and breast cancer, except those in the terminal-stage, in 'H' university hospital in Seoul and 'K' center in Ilsan gathered from November 20, 2002 to February 20, 2003. To measure the correlation between feeling of discomfort and agony caused by cancer, 5 point scale (from zero to four), stood on the basis of Symptom Distress Scale (SDS, Rodes & Watson, 1987), was used for this study and the Cronbach's coefficient alpha was 0.95. Accumulated data was analyzed with SPSS 10.0 for window, also used by ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Pearson's Correlation Analysis. Results: 1. Symptom distress of cancer patients was noted and defined in their severity-fatigue, anorexia, pain, depression, dyspepsia, changing appearance and nausea. The degree of symptom distress was fatigue, dyspepsia, depression, anorexia, pain, changing appearance and the degree of suffering was nausea, pain, anorexia, dyspepsia, vomiting, breathing difficulty, changing appearance and fatigue. 2. Examining the difference of degree of symptom distress in each cancer cases, it takes the precedence of them. First, in case of stomach cancer, depression, pain, vomiting and nausea were shown in sequence. In case of lung cancer depression, pain, sleeping problem, anxiety, changing appearance, inattentiveness and vomiting were showed in sequence, depression, changing appearance, sleeping problem, pain in case of HCC, depression, pain in case of large intestine cancer and lastly in case of breast cancer changing appearance, depression, pain and anxiety were shown in sequence. The category of the degree of symptom distress that has a signifiant difference was anorexia, activity discomfort, fatigue, constipation or diarrhea, breathing difficulty, dyspepsia, caughing, fever or chillness, scotoma and urinary disorder. Verifying the highest degree of symptom distress in each cancer cases, anorexia was 1.94(F=4.00, p<.01) in stomach cancer, activity discomfort was 0.97(F=3.08, p<.01) in lung cancer and HCC, fatigue was 2.32(F=4.64, p<.01) in HCC, constipation or diarrhea was 1.83(F=22.31, p<.001) in large intestine cancer, breathing difficulty was 1.83(F=4.00, p<.01) in lung cancer, dyspepsia was 2.69(F=9.98, p<.001) in stomach cancer, coughing was 1.53(F=20.49, p<.001) in lung cancer, fever or chillness was 1.23(F=6.88, p<.001) in lung cancer, scotoma was 1.20(F=3.02, p<.05) in lung cancer and urinary disorder was 1.54(F=11.56, p<.001) in HCC. 3. Examining the difference degree of suffering on cancer cases, the result was as follows; depression of lung cancer was 1.17(F=3.76, p<.01), anorexia of stomach cancer was 1.61(F=3.89, p<.01), constipation or diarrhea of large intestine cancer was 1.42(F=10.43, p<.001), changing appearance of breast cancer was 1.65(F=5.43, p<.001), breathing difficulty of lung cancer was 2.27(F=18.57, p<.001), dyspepsia of stomach cancer was 1.97(F=13.56, p<.001), coughing of lung cancer was 1.70(F=22.07, p<.001), fever or chillness of lung cancer was 1.13(F=4.41, p<.01), scotoma of lung cancer was 0.87(F=3.34, p<.05), anxiety of lung cancer was 0.87(F=4.50, p<.001) and urinary disorder of HCC was 1.43(F=16.71, p<.001). 4. In consequence, comparing between symptom distress and degree of suffering on cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, lung cancer patients showed the highest feeling of discomfort following stomach cancer, HCC, breast cancer and large intestine cancer(F=2.88, p<.05). On those undergoing radiotherapy, lung cancer, HCC, breast cancer, large intestine cancer was in sequence(F=3.78, p<.05) and those resisting radiotherapy, lung cancer, HCC, stomach cancer, large intestine cancer and breast cancer was in sequence(F=2.72, p<.05). 5. Correlation between symptom distress and degree of suffering on cancer patients was generally significant. Conclusion: this study not only defines a significant correlation between symptom distress and degree of suffering but also proffers basic data to evaluate the efficient meatal care depending upon diverse spectrums of symptom distress and degree of suffering.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.28 no.2 s.50
• /
• pp.433-449
• /
• 1995

The study subjects in this study are 295 workers who work on one electronics industry, and they were composed of 93 VDT and 202 non-VDT workers. This study was carried out to obtain the prevalence of subjective symptoms and to compare psychological symptom scores from SCL-90-R between VDT and non-VDT work groups. And to verify the relationship between VDT work related symptoms and psychological symptoms, the author compared SCL-90-R T scores between symptom complaining and non-complaining groups. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Throughout the prevalence study of VDT work related symptoms according to VDT work state, the author could select the final 10 symptoms by sex;'eye fatigue', 'foggy vision', 'neck discomfort or pain', 'shoulder discomfort and pain', 'light headedness', 'dizziness', 'acne', 'itching sensation on face', 'difficulty in concentration', 'memory disturbance' in males, and 'blurred vision', 'foggy vision', 'neck discomfort or pain', 'shoulder discomfort and pain', 'abdominal distention', 'indigestion', 'acne', 'prickling sensation on face', 'difficulty in concentration', 'memory disturbance' in females. 2. Throughout comparison of psychological symptom scores from SCL-90-R between VDT and non-VDT workers, except 'Interpersonal sensitivity' in female, Mean T score were higher in VDT workers, but not significantly different between the two groups. These results indicate that the relation between VDT work status and psychological symptoms are not strongly correlated. 3. Because of the nonspecific characteristics of VDT work related symptoms, from the 40 subjective symptoms, the author selected the final 10 symptoms by sex, especially correlated to VDT, and divided the study subjects into symptom complaining and non-complaining groups. The mean SCL-90-R T scores between the two groups were compared. Except for the opthalmologic symptoms in females, the scores were significantly different between the two groups in all symptoms. And this indicates that the VDT work related symptoms strongly correlated with the present individual psychological conditions. 4. Due to understand that which of the 9 psychological symptom dimensions are strongly correlated with the subjective symptoms, the author excuted muliple logistic regression analysis, and the result were as follows; 'depression' and 'somatization', in male, and 'obsessive-compulsive' and 'somatization' in female.