• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2000

스위프 기하학적 모델은 곡선, 면 또는 입방체를 주어진 경로를 따라 이동시킴으로써 기하학적 모델을 생성하는 기법이다. 따라서 스위핑을 사용하면 프리즘 쉘의 곡면을 쉽게 정의할 수 있다. 본 논문은 스위프 기하학적 모델을 프리즘 쉘의 최적화에 적용하는 절차에 대하여 기술하였다. 제시한 스위프 기하학적 모델을 유한요소법과 융합하였고 프리즘 쉘의 반응을 계산하기 위해 9절점 퇴화쉘요소를 채용하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 최적화과정을 증명하기 위하여 수치예제를 풀어 보았다. 수치예제를 통하여 제시한 스위프 기하학적 모델이 많은 종류의 프리즘 쉘을 최적화하는데 효율적이고 신뢰적인 방법인 것으로 나타났다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.483-492
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• 2019

In the current study, the influence of the initial lateral (sweep) shape and the cross-sectional twist imperfection on the lateral torsional buckling (LTB) response of doubly-symmetric steel I-beams was investigated. The material imperfection (residual stress) was not considered. For this objective, standard European IPN 300 beam with different unbraced span was numerically analyzed for three imperfection cases: (i) no sweep and no twist (perfect); (ii) three different shapes of global sweep (half-sine, full-sine and full-parabola between the end supports); and (iii) the combination of three different sweeps with initial sinusoidal twist along the beam. The first comparison was done between the results of numerical analyses (FEM) and both a theoretical solution and the code lateral torsional buckling formulations (EC3 and AISC-LRFD). These results with no imperfection effects were then separately compared with three different shapes of global sweep and the presence of initial twist in these sweep shapes. Besides, the effects of the shapes of initial global sweep and the inclusion of sinusoidal twist on the critical buckling load of the beams were investigated to unveil which parameter was considerably effective on LTB response. The most compatible outcomes for the perfect beams was obtained from the AISC-LRFD formulation; however, the EC-3 formulation estimated the $P_{cr}$ load conservatively. The high difference from the EC-3 formulation was predicted to directly originate from the initial imperfection reduction factor and high safety factor in its formulation. Due to no consideration of geometric imperfection in the AISC-LFRD code solution and the theoretical formulation, the need to develop a practical imperfection reduction factor for AISC-LRFD and theoretical formulation was underlined. Initial imperfections were obtained to be more influential on the buckling load, as the unbraced length of a beam approached to the elastic limit unbraced length ($L_r$). Mode-compatible initial imperfection shapes should be taken into account in the design and analysis stages of the I-beam to properly estimate the geometric imperfection influence on the $P_{cr}$ load. Sweep and sweep-twist imperfections led to 10% and 15% decrease in the $P_{cr}$ load, respectively, thus; well-estimated sweep and twist imperfections should considered in the LTB of doubly-symmetric steel I-beams.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 삼각형 메시의 스웹 볼륨 표면을 정밀하고 안정적으로 계산하는 GPU 알고리즘을 제안한다. 삼각형 메시의 기하 요소들을 스웹하여 근사적으로 삼각형 집합을 생성하고, 이 집합의 엔벨롭을 계산하면 스웹 볼륨의 최외곽 경계 표면을 얻을 수 있다. 엔벨롭을 찾기 위하여 우리는 삼각형 집합의 공간 분할을 계산하고 그 분할의 최외곽 경계를 추출하였다. 알고리즘의 안정성을 확보하기 위하여 우리는 스웹 정점들을 초기에 랜덤 섭동하는 방법과 다중 정밀도 구간 연산 기법을 적용하였다. 전체 알고리즘은 대부분의 계산을 GPU에서 처리하도록 구현되었고, 결과적으로 기존 알고리즘에 비해 수십~수백 배의 성능을 보여준다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.603-611
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• 2006

This paper presents the response surface optimization method using three-dimensional Wavier-Stokes analysis to optimize the blade shape of an axial flow fan. Reynolds-averaged Wavier-Stokes equations with $k-{\epsilon}$ turbulence model are discretized with finite volume approximations using the unstructured grid. Regression analysis is used for generating response surface, and it is validated by ANOVA and t-statistics. Four geometric variables, i.e., sweep and lean angles at mean and tip respectively were employed to improve the efficiency. The computational results are compared with experimental data and the comparisons show generally good agreements. As a main result of the optimization, the total efficiency was successfully improved. Also, detailed effects of sweep and lean on the axial flow fan are discussed.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.353-369
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• 2020

This paper presents the flutter analysis and optimum design of axially functionally graded box beam cantilever wing section by considering various geometric and material parameters. The coupled dynamic equations of the continuous model of wing system in terms of material and cross-sectional properties are formulated based on extended Hamilton's principle. By expressing the lift and pitching moment in terms of plunge and pitch displacements, the resultant two continuous equations are simplified using Galerkin's reduced order model. The flutter velocity is predicted from the solution of resultant damped eigenvalue problem. Parametric studies are conducted to know the effects of geometric factors such as taper ratio, thickness, sweep angle as well as material volume fractions and functional grading index on the flutter velocity. A generalized surrogate model is constructed by training the radial basis function network with the parametric data. The optimized material and geometric parameters of the section are predicted by solving the constrained optimal problem using firefly metaheuristics algorithm that employs the developed surrogate model for the function evaluations. The trapezoidal hollow box beam section design with axial functional grading concept is illustrated with combination of aluminium alloy and aluminium with silicon carbide particulates. A good improvement in flutter velocity is noticed by the optimization.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2004년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.578-582
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• 2004

This paper presents the response surface optimization method using three-dimensional Navier-Stokes Analysis to optimize the shape of a axial flow fan. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with k-$\epsilon$ turbulence model are discretized with finite volume approximations. Regression analysis is used for generating response surface, and it is validated by ANOVA. Five geometric variables, i.e., distribution of sweep angle at mean and tip, lean angle at mean and tip, and spanwise location of mean were employed to optimize the efficiency. The computational results are compared with experiment data. As a main result of the optimization, the efficiency was successfully improved.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2690-2695
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• 2007

This work presents numerical optimization for design of a blade stacking line of a low speed axial flow fan with a fast and elitist Non-Dominated Sorting of Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) of multi-objective optimization using three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analysis. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model are discretized with finite volume approximations and solved on unstructured grids. Regression analysis is performed to get second order polynomial response which is used to generate Pareto optimal front with help of NSGA-II and local search strategy with weighted sum approach to refine the result obtained by NSGA-II to get better Pareto optimal front. Four geometric variables related to spanwise distributions of sweep and lean of blade stacking line are chosen as design variables to find higher performed fan blade. The performance is measured in terms of the objectives; total efficiency, total pressure and torque. Hence the motive of the optimization is to enhance total efficiency and total pressure and to reduce torque.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

Numerical optimization for design of a blade stacking line of a low speed axial flow fan with a fast and elitist Non-Dominated Sorting of Genetic Algorithm(NSGA-II) of multi-objective optimization using three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analysis is presented in this work. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations with ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model are discretized with finite volume approximations and solved on unstructured grids. Regression analysis is performed to get second order polynomial response which is used to generate Pareto optimal front with help of NSGA-II and local search strategy with weighted sum approach to refine the result obtained by NSGA-II to get better Pareto optimal front. Four geometric variables related to spanwise distributions of sweep and lean of blade stacking line are chosen as design variables to find higher performed fan blade. The performance is measured in terms of the objectives; total efficiency, total pressure and torque. Hence the motive of the optimization is to enhance total efficiency and total pressure and to reduce torque.