• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.7-24
• /
• 2005

A large scale international airport is an essential ingredient of the regional and the national economy. It helps the regional and the national economy booming. On the other hand, some international airport forms a region by itself with the surrounding community, which tends to keep growing. The airport development can be viewed as a sort of regional development and its sustainability needs to be examined during both planning phase and operating phase. n this paper, a system dynamic model is proposed to access the sustainability of airport develpment and the model is applied to address the sustainability of Korea's new international airport. Incheon International Airport, develpment. The study reveals that the phase 2 facilities need to be built quickly to meet anticipated future traffic and that the air pollutants need to be reduced by 6% to keep the airport development sustainable.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.21 no.8
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2023

Blockchains have recently struggled to design for the ideal distributed trust networks by solving scalability trilemma. However, local conflicts between some countries lead to imbalance on energy distribution. Besides, blockchain networks (e.g., Bitcoin) currently consume enormous energy for transaction and mining. The existing data volume based trust model evaluated an increasing blockchain size better than Lubin's trust model in scalability trilemma. In this paper, we propose a scalability based energy model to evaluate sustainability for blockchain networks, considering energy consumption for transaction, time duration, and the blockchain size of growing blockchain networks. Through the rigorous numerical analysis, we compare the proposed scalability based energy model with the existing model for the satisfaction and optimal blockchain size. Thus, the scalability based energy model will provide an assessment tool to choose the proper blockchain networks to solve scalability trilemma problem and prove sustainability.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.357-364
• /
• 2004

Modern agriculture depending on chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides gave rise to questions about long-term sustainability of agriculture in relation to degradation of soil quality. Improving soil quality is prerequisite to sustain biological productivity, maintain environmental quality, and promote plant and animal health. Assessment and monitoring of the health and quality of soil is necessary to provide opportunity to evaluate and redesign soil management system for sustainability. To develop the soil quality assessment method, we collected national data on soil properties of paddy and upland and attempted to evaluate the data in aspect of soil quality by the process of selecting a minimum data set (MDS), scoring the soil properties and calculating soil quality index (SQI) integrating the score of each soil property. This approximation indicated that soil quality index was in the order of paddy soil, upland soil and plastic film house soil.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.399-408
• /
• 2021

The emergency medical service system in Korea was built upon the Emergency Medical Service Act, 1995 to respond adequately to be much in demand for emergency medical services. In addition, the government recognized the importance of the trauma care system and set out to plan for the designation and establishment of the regional trauma center by 2012. This study aimed to investigate features of quality management and trauma fee schedule on better understanding of trauma care system. First, quality management of the regional trauma center has been implemented by several quality programs involved in quality assessment, committee on trauma quality management, and mortality and morbidity conference. Second, the trauma fee schedule has reflected a specific quality of severe traumatic conditions and added the result to it, which are graded A, B, and C according to quality assessment. Although the government has contributed to instituting a trauma quality assessment program and trauma fee schedule for the regional trauma center, it could not lead to such a fixed standard for quality management of them. Therefore, it will promote discussion on the sustainability of the regional trauma center that requires reducing preventable trauma death rate and the way to apply comprehensive quality management.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2015.10a
• /
• pp.30-31
• /
• 2015

PPPs in international development cooperation can be challenging due limited capacities in the country, weaknesses in terms of policy and legislative frameworks, differences in mindsets, values, work ethics and hierarchical structures as well as cultural issues. These can lead to misunderstandings and implementation problems. However, a careful assessment of the situation on the ground, stakeholder analysis and needs assessment can help to identify potential bottlenecks and address capacity constraints that could slowdown operations. A sound understanding of local power dynamics and work practices can help to put in place an exit strategy which will enhance the projects' sustainability. Making sure that goals and objectives are understood in the same way by all partners, establishing an ongoing and respectful dialogue between them, as well as transparent implementation and monitoring mechanisms can also contribute to the PPP's success and increase the likeliness to make a difference in the lives of those in needs.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.128-136
• /
• 2007

As the international-level concern has been focused on the environmental sustainability in recent years, many researches emphasized the needs for methods and techniques that would facilitate sustainability assessment at the various project level interfaces. As part of methods and techniques to facilitate sustainability assessment, this paper provides 'Computerized Waste Management Performance Evaluation Tool' for the purpose of assessing the level of management system in dealing with the onsite construction wastes. This tool applies twenty-three waste management performance factors for the purpose of evaluating the level of waste management performance by scoring those factors which were identified in the previous research. These twenty-three factors are classified into four categories: manpower, material, method, and management based on their characteristics. In order to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of waste management performance, the levels of actions executed in a site by each waste management performance factor were identified and their weight were analyzed throughout the expert interview and survey. Furthermore, an excel-based computerized tool was developed in order to facilitate the evaluation process. If this tool can be developed in more detail and be used as the method to control waste management at a project level for the future, it is expected that this tool can play an important role in the body of knowledge of environmental management in construction industry.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.681-698
• /
• 2020

The paper addresses contribution to the modeling and optimization of major machinability parameters (cutting force, surface roughness, and tool wear) in finish dry hard turning (FDHT) for machinability evaluation of hardened AISI grade die steel D₃ with PVD-TiN coated (Al₂O₃-TiCN) mixed ceramic tool insert. The turning trials are performed based on Taguchi's L₁₈ orthogonal array design of experiments for the development of regression model as well as adequate model prediction by considering tool approach angle, nose radius, cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut as major machining parameters. The models or correlations are developed by employing multiple regression analysis (MRA). In addition, statistical technique (response surface methodology) followed by computational approaches (genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization) have been employed for multiple response optimization. Thereafter, the effectiveness of proposed three (RSM, GA, PSO) optimization techniques are evaluated by confirmation test and subsequently the best optimization results have been used for estimation of energy consumption which includes savings of carbon footprint towards green machining and for tool life estimation followed by cost analysis to justify the economic feasibility of PVD-TiN coated Al₂O₃+TiCN mixed ceramic tool in FDHT operation. Finally, estimation of energy savings, economic analysis, and sustainability assessment are performed by employing carbon footprint analysis, Gilbert approach, and Pugh matrix, respectively. Novelty aspects, the present work: (i) contributes to practical industrial application of finish hard turning for the shaft and die makers to select the optimum cutting conditions in a range of hardness of 45-60 HRC, (ii) demonstrates the replacement of expensive, time-consuming conventional cylindrical grinding process and proposes the alternative of costlier CBN tool by utilizing ceramic tool in hard turning processes considering technological, economical and ecological aspects, which are helpful and efficient from industrial point of view, (iii) provides environment friendliness, cleaner production for machining of hardened steels, (iv) helps to improve the desirable machinability characteristics, and (v) serves as a knowledge for the development of a common language for sustainable manufacturing in both research field and industrial practice.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.430-440
• /
• 2020

The application contents, process, and its limitations are discussed for the setting of Korean legal guides & criteria for water cycle and ecological condition in development project of land use by thorough comparison and examination of prerequisites and credits of water cycle and soil+vegetation by USA's SITES (Sustainable Sites Initiative). In the case of SITES, due to the implementation procedure operated as a non-governmental independent assessment system by Green Business Certification, Inc, the natural condition of water cycle and soil-vegetation items-the key element of ecosystem services can be quantitatively assessed, well along with its legal and institutional guidelines and regulations. On the other hand, in the case of Korea, as a part of the national certification procedure for green building, the ecological area ratio system still have very limited role as an only amenity resource in the creation of artificial green spaces and insufficiency of management system for rain water. In conclusion, it was understood as an urgent situation in necessary for prompt establishment of site's sustainability certification system at the national level, based on management of water circulation and natural soil & vegetation in developed area with consideration of various land uses and types of development projects.

• Environmental engineer
• /
• v.24 s.256
• /
• pp.18-22
• /
• 2007

본 논문은 네덜란드의 지속가능성 평가(Sustainability Assessment, SA)에 있어 몇몇 최근의 진전을 토의한다. 효율적인 지속가능성 평가를 위한 몇몇 요소들의 강조에 초점을 둔다. SA는 현재로서는 복잡하지만 필수 구성요소이다. 이는 개발의 가능한 방향에 관한 토의의 질을 향상시키고, 대안들 결론 비용 및 이득에 가중치를 둠으로서 종종 국민을 위해 보다 투명한 정책결정의 복잡한 과정을 구성함을 통해 정책 결정의 민주적 질에 기여하는데 중대한 잠재력을 지닌다. 현재 네덜란드에서 SA에 관한 주요 도전은 아직은 산만하지만 포괄적이고 보다 널리 사용되는 도구로 만드는 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2008

Amenity landscapes in rural areas are becoming increasingly important as a resource to enhance the (public) interest in rural landscapes and to vitalize the rural areas. Befitting the times, the objective of this project is to discover the amenity landscapes distributed throughout the rural areas and to produce material in the form of a publication for the promotion of the aforementioned landscapes. For such purposes, local autonomous bodies, rural amenity resource investigation team, and experts on landscape found rural amenity landscapes and entered them for a selection process, out of which the top 100 rural amenity landscapes were ultimately selected based both on the assessment system developed by the researchers and on the assessment process executed by the assessment committee. The following two categories of assessment criteria for the amenity landscapes were presented: village-related assessment criteria including value as resource and use value; landscape-resources-related assessment criteria, including aesthetic value, identity, adherence to traditionality, and sustainability. Assessment for each criteria item was made by applying a 5-point Likert scale throughout. The sum of the points for each landscape was then converted at a 100 point scale for ultimate use in selection of the top 100 landscapes. This paper is the outcome of such series of processes and systems.