• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.120-131
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the surgical treatment with conservative treatment and to evaluate the effectiveness of drug-holiday in bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) patients who were diagnosed as stage 2. Patients and Method: From January 2012 to October 2014, seventy-two patients who visit to Pusan National University of Dental Hospital were diagnosed as stage 2 of BRONJ. All the patients had taken computed tomography(CT) and panoramic radiography. The surgical treatment including sequestrectomy of necrotic bone and curettage of soft tissue around the sequestrum were performed to fifty patients. Twenty-two patients underwent conservative treatment such as antibiotics medications, mouth rinsing and follow up checking for every two weeks. Prognosis of treatment was classified into 3 groups - response, unresponse, and worsens - according to clinical, radiographic symptoms. P-value less than 0.05 were regarded as significant. Results: In surgery group, forty-five patients (90%) were healed without recurrence or any complication and five patients (10%) showed the wound dehiscence or infection. In conservative treatment group, fifteen patients (68.2%) were healed without any complication, four patients (18.2%) did not show improvement and three(4.2%) patients$^{\circ}{\emptyset}$ symptoms increased. P-value among groups was 0.014. Evaluation of preoperative drug-holiday in surgery group did not show the effectiveness(p=0.478). Conclusion: Statistically, the prognosis of patients with stage 2 BRONJ treated with surgery was significantly better than conservative treatment. There was no statistical difference for the preoperative drug-holiday.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.592-599
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• 2001

Objective : The anterior communicating artery(ACoA) is known to be the most frequent location of intracranial aneurysms, but the complex arterial anatomy of the ACoA region makes this aneurysm among the most difficult one to treat. In the treatment of ACoA aneurysms, the direction of aneurysmal fundus is known to be very important in the surgical tactics. All ACoA aneurysms in our series were classified according to its direction, and analyzed the clinical features in order to investigate the prognostic factors influencing upon the surgical outcome. Methods : The authors reviewed 236 cases of ruptured ACoA aneurysms that were operated from 1990 to 1997, were classified according to Pia's classification. Results : The incidence rate of the ACoA aneurysm was 35.1%(236/672). Ventral group was more common than dorsal group, especially in ventro-caudal projection subgroup(36.0%). Poor preoperative clinical grade(Hunt-Hess grade IV and V) patients were more common in dorsal group(13.1%) than ventral group(2.6%). Rebleeding and intracerebral hematoma were more commonly seen in ventral group. However, vasospasm, hydrocephalus, hyponatremia, and intraventricular hemorrhage were observed more frequently in dorsal group. Worse outcome was more common in dorsal group than ventral group, especially in dorso-caudal projection subgroup. Also, poor outcome was identified in patients with intracerebral hematoma, intraventricular hemorrhage, hyponatremia, and hypertension, although statistically insignificant. In cases with the A1 dominancy, there was no difference in surgical outcome between the right and left side approach. The higher the aneurysmal neck from the planum sphenoidale, the worse outcome via pterional approach. Conclusion : It seems that the preoperative clinical grade, aneurysmal direction, and the height of aneurysmal neck, especially in the pterional approach, would be the major prognostic factors, and that intracerebral hematoma, intraventricular hemorrhage, hyponatremia, hydrocephalus and the intraoperative aneurysmal rupture would be the minor prognostic factors.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.43.1-43.5
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• 2019

Background: Reconstructive surgery is often required for tumors of the oral and maxillofacial region, irrespective of whether they are benign or malignant, the area involved, and the tumor size. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) models are increasingly used in reconstructive surgery. However, these models have rarely been adapted for the fabrication of custom-made reconstruction materials. In this report, we present a case of maxillary reconstruction using a laboratory-engineered, custom-made mesh plate from a 3D model. Case presentation: The patient was a 56-year-old female, who had undergone maxillary resection in 2011 for intraoral squamous cell carcinoma that presented as a swelling of the anterior maxillary gingiva. Five years later, there was no recurrence of the malignant tumor and a maxillary reconstruction was planned. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a large bony defect in the dental-alveolar area of the anterior maxilla. Using the CT data, a 3D model of the maxilla was prepared, and the site of reconstruction determined. A custom-made mesh plate was fabricated using the 3D model (Okada Medical Supply, Tokyo, Japan). We performed the reconstruction using the custom-made titanium mesh plate and the particulate cancellous bone and marrow graft from her iliac bone. We employed the tunneling flap technique without alveolar crest incision, to prevent surgical wound dehiscence, mesh exposure, and alveolar bone loss. Ten months later, three dental implants were inserted in the graft. Before the final crown setting, we performed a gingivoplasty with palate mucosal graft. The patient has expressed total satisfaction with both the functional and esthetic outcomes of the procedure. Conclusion: We have successfully performed a maxillary and dental reconstruction using a custom-made, pre-bent titanium mesh plate.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.168-172
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• 1998

하정맥동 결손(inferior sinus venosus defect)은 하대정맥과 우심방의 경계 부위에 발생하는 심방중격결손의 한 형태로 매우 드문 선천성 심장질환이며, 심방중격의 하부 뒤쪽에 위치하고 한 개 이상의 우 폐정맥의 환류 이상을 동반하고 있어 개심술시 정확한 교정을 요하므로 수술 전 또는 수술 중 정확한 해부학적 진단이 선행되어야 한다. 저자들은 부분 폐정맥 환류이상을 동반한 하정맥동형 심방중격결손 4예를 치험하였다. 1예는 25세 성인이었고 3예는 14개월 미만의 영아 및 소아였다. 4예 모두 심부전 때문에 수술했으며 이중 4개월의 영아는 긴급 수술이 필요했다. 진단을 위해 심초음파 및 도플러 검사와 심도자법을 시행하였다. 수술전 확진은 1예에서 가능했고 3예는 수술전 병변을 의심하고 수술시 확진되었다. 수술방법으로 이상 환류되는 폐정맥이 좌심방으로 환류 되도록 자가심막을 이용하여 심방중격결손을 폐쇄하였다. 4예 모두 수술 결과는 양호하였으며 초음파 검사의 추적에서 하대정맥과 폐정맥의 환류장애 소견은 없었다. 정확한 수술 교정을 위해 수술전 정확한 진단이 필수적이며, 수술전 폐정맥의 부분 환류이상과 심방중격 결손으로 진단된 환자에서는 수술중 하정맥동 결손의 여부를 확인하여 적절한 수술적 교정을 시행해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.506-513
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• 2004

본 연구는 하치조신경의 수술적 절단이 치주인대공간에서의 파골세포에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 시행하였다. 이를 위하여 실험동물을 젊은 쥐 군 과 성 쥐 군으로 구분하여 좌측 하악골에는 하치조신경절단을 시행하여 실험측으로, 우측하악골은 가수술측으로 사용하였다. Bundle 골 표면에 위치한 파골세포의 수 그리고 파골세포의 골 흡수 활성도를 조직 형태적으로 측정하였다. 또한 Substance P 면역반응 신경섬유의 분포 변화를 치주인대와 치 수조직에서 평가하였다. Substance P 면역반응 신경섬유는 양군 실험측에서 고갈됨으로서 하치조신경의 수술적 절단이 성공적이었다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다 실험측에서 파골세포의 수가 젊은 쥐 군 과 성 쥐 군 모두에서 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.01과 p<0.05). 그러나 파골세포의 골 흡수 활성도는 양군 모두에서 실험측과 가수술측 사이에 차이를 나타내지 않았다(P>0.05). 성 쥐 군에서 파골세포의 수가 젊은 쥐 군에 비해 유의하게 감소되었으며 (p<0.01), 파골세포의 골 흡수 활성도에서는 변화가 없었다(p>0.05). 이들 결과를 통하여 감각신경인 하치조신경의 절단과 연령증가는 치주인대 공간에서 Bundle골 표면의 파골세포의 수를 감소시켰으며 골 흡수 활성도에는 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.100.1-100.13
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• 2018

Objective: To investigate survival outcomes in endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) patients with single vs. multiple positive pelvic lymph nodes. Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of all consecutive patients with histologically proven International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIIC1 EEC who underwent primary surgical treatment between 2004 and 2014 at seven Italian gynecologic oncology referral centers. Patients with pre- or intra-operative evidence of extra-uterine disease (including the presence of bulky nodes) and patients with stage IIIC2 disease were excluded, in order to obtain a homogeneous population. Results: Overall 140 patients met the inclusion criteria. The presence of >1 metastatic pelvic node was significantly associated with an increased risk of recurrence and mortality, compared to only 1 metastatic node, at both univariate (recurrence: hazard ratio [HR]=2.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.2-3.99; p=0.01; mortality: HR=2.8; 95% CI=1.24-6.29; p=0.01) and multivariable analysis (recurrence: HR=1.91; 95% CI=1.02-3.56; p=0.04; mortality: HR=2.62; 95% CI=1.13-6.05; p=0.02) and it was the only independent predictor of prognosis in this subset of patients. Disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were significantly longer in patients with only 1 metastatic node compared to those with more than 1 metastatic node (p=0.008 and 0.009, respectively). Conclusion: The presence of multiple metastatic nodes in stage IIIC1 EEC represents an independent predictor of worse survival, compared to only one positive node. Our data suggest that EEC patients may be categorized according to the number of positive nodes.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of the C-shaped canal of permanent mandibular second molar (PMSM) in Korean sub-population using Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) data and analyze the types of C-shaped canal. Materials & Methods: The protocol for this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Pusan National University Hospital (E-2011039). Among the CBCT images taken of patients who visited the St. Bennedict Dental Hospital (Busan, Korea) from May 2008 to April 2011 for implant surgery and surgical removal of impacted teeth, high-quality CBCTs from 705 patients (361 male and 342 female) were screened and 607 PMSMs of 383 patients were evaluated retrospectively. All PMSMs were anatomically analyzed in detail by using image viewer software (EasyDent; Vatech). PMSMs were evaluated in the axial plane to investigate the shape of root and canals. The C-shaped canals were classified into five types. The total incidence, gender ratio, bilateral and unilateral appearance. and the correlation between right-side and left-side occurrences of C-shaped PMSMs were computed and compared statistically using the chi-square test. Results: Among the 607 PMSMs of 383 CBCTs of 187 females and 196 males, 198 PMSMs(32.6%) had C-shaped root and 158 PMSMs(26.0%) had C-shaped canals. The shape of C-shaped root canals at the furcalion level did not have significant change at the level of mid root (P<0.0001). Female had more prevalence of C-shaped root canals than male (P<0.0001). The prevalence of bilateral occurrence of C-shaped root canals was higher than unilateral occurrence. Conclusions: The occurrence of C-shaped PMSMs among a Korean population was 32.6% and was higher than other countries and ethnicities. Understanding the prevalence of PMSMs with a C-shaped root and/or canal in a Korean population may be useful for successful endodontic treatments.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2012

목적: 견갑골의 수술적 치료에 있어서 해부학적 및 형태학적인 이해는 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 전산화 단층촬영을 이용하여 견갑골의 정확한 두께를 측정하고, 기하학적인 형태를 재구성함으로써 견갑골의 정확한 해부학적 및 형태학적인 정보를 제공하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 총 51개의 해부용 시체에서 적출한 102개의 견갑골을 대상으로 하였으며, 일반적인 견갑골의 형태를 얻기 위해 8개의 평균적인 길이와 2개의 각을 측정하였다. 또한 견갑골의 두께를 측정하기 위해 각각의 견갑골에서 동일한 위치의 시상면을 얻고, 각각의 시상면에서 견갑골의 두께를 전산화 단층 촬영을 이용하여 측정하였다. 견갑골의 두께에 대한 실측치를 토대로 평균값을 계산하였으며, 성별에 따른 견갑골 두께의 차이를 Student t-test 를 이용하여 비교하였다. 결과: 견갑골 관절와의 평균 두께는 22.4 mm, 외측연의 평균 두께는 13.83 mm, 내측연의 평균 두께는 4.44 mm, 견갑골 체부의 중간 1/3 위치의 평균 두께는 2.06 mm 로 측정되었으며, 남성의 견갑골이 여성의 견갑골 보다 더 두껍게 측정되었다. 측정된 실측치를 참고로 하여 견갑골들의 두께에 대한 3차원적인 기하학적인 모델을 재구성하였다. 결론: 측정 수치의 분석 결과 견갑골의 두께가 가장 두꺼운 부분은 관절와 부위 및 외측연 부위이며, 반대로 두께가 가장 얇은 부분은 견갑골 체부의 중간 1/3 지점이 견갑골에서 가장 얇은 부위로 나타났다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.641-646
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• 1997

세종병원 흉부외과에서는 1995년 5월부터 1996년 9월까지 비상관성 심실중격결손을 동반한 양대혈관우심 실기시증 환자 7례를 대상으로 하였다. 연령분포는 2세에서 9세로 평균 3.4$\pm$2.7세였으며 남녀비는 남자가 5례, 여자가 2례이었다. 술전 전례에서 심초음파 및 심도자 검사를 시행하였다. 심실중격결손은 7례모두가 비 상관성으로 막주변입구부형이었으며, 폐동맥협착이 5례, 폐동맥폐쇄가 2례 있었다. 5례의 환자에서 삼첨판막 건삭이 비정상적으로 누두부중격에 붙어있는 소견을 보여주었다. 수술은 2례에서 심실내교정술 및 폐동맥확 장술을, 3례에서 Rastelli술식을, 2례에서 REV 술식을 시행하였다. 술후 사망한 환자는 없었고, 추적조사는 1 개월에서 18개월로 평균 10$\pm$6개월 이었다. 비상관성 심실중격결'손을 가지는 양대혈관우심실기시증 환자에서 삼첨판막 건삭이 비정상적으로 누두부 중격에 붙어있는 경우에 건삭 또는 건삭을 포함한 누두부 심근의 재이식술을 이용함으로써 양심실성 교정술 이 가능하게 되었으며 이로 인해 정상적인 해부 구조와 생리를 가능하게 하는 잇점을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 결론적으로 추적기간이 아직 짧지만 수술결과는 비교적 만족할만하였으며, 무엇보다도 중요한 것은 수술 전에 정확한 검사 및 병태생리학적인 이해가 필요하며 그에따른 적절한 수술이 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2014

Background: Incisional site of surgical operation become transient ischemic state and then occur reoxygenation due to vasodilatation by inflammatory reaction, the productive reactive oxygen species (ROS) give rise to many physiologic results. Apoptosis have major role on elimination of inflammatory cell and formation of granulation tissue in normal wound healing process. Remifentanil can prevent the inflammatory response and can suppress inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in a septic mouse model. After cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary artery surgery, remifentanil can also inhibit the release of biomarkers of myocardial damage. Here we investigated whether remifentanil pretreatment has cellular protective effect against hypoxia-reoxygenation in HaCaT human keratinocytes, if so, the role of apoptosis and autophagy on this phenomenon. Methods: The HaCaT human keratinocytes were exposed to various concentrations of remifentanil (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 ng/ml) for 2 h before hypoxia (RPC/HR group). These cells were cultured under 1% oxygen tension for 24h at $37^{\circ}C$. After hypoxia, to simulate reoxygenation and recovery, the cells were reoxygenated for 12 h at $37^{\circ}C$. 3-MA/RPC/HR group was treated 3-methyladenine (3-MA), autophagy inhibitor for 1h before remifentanil treatment. Cell viability was measured using a quantitative colorimetric assay with thiazolyl blue tetrazoliumbromide (MTT, amresco), showing the mitochondrial activity of living cells. To investigate whether the occurrence of autophagy and apoptosis, we used fluorescence microscopy and Western blot analysis. Results: The viability against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in remifentanil preconditioning keratinocytes were increased, and these cells were showed stimulated expression of autophagy 3-MA suppressed the induction of autophagy effectively and the protective effects on apoptosis. Atg5, Beclin-1, LC3-II and p62 were elevated in RPC/HR group. But they were decreased when autophagy was suppressed by 3-MA. Conclusions: Remifentanil preconditioning showed the protective effect in human keratinocytes, and we concluded that autophagy may take the major role in the recovery of wound from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. We suggest that further research is needed about the cell protective effects of autophagy.