• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제9권11호
• /
• pp.209-216
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 환자 구강내의 상악 우측 대구치 구개면 직접시진 시 환자 머리 각도의 변화에 따른 술자(치과위생사)의 목 주변 근육 활성도의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 술자는 해당부위의 위치와 손고정, 기구 사용에 대한 정확한 이해와 인지를 하고 있는 예비 치과위생사인 치위생학과 4학년 학생들로 표면 근전도, 목 각도계를 이용하여 목 주변 근육 활성도 변화의 자료를 수집하여 SPSS statistics 20을 이용해 Shapiro-wilk 검정, 일원배치 분산분석의 통계처리를 실시하였다. 연구결과 환자 머리의 각도를 주었을 때 각도를 주지 않은 자세 보다 술자의 위등세모근, 목세움근, 어깨올림근 근활성도가 모두 유의하게 감소하였다. 술자의 머리 각도는 환자 머리 각도를 준 자세가 머리 각도를 주지 않은 자세 보다 머리 굽힘은 유의하게 감소하였다. 결과적으로 치아 처치 시 환자 머리 각도의 변화를 주는 것은 술자의 목 주변 근육의 과도한 근활성도를 줄이고 근육 피로도를 낮출 것으로 예상됨으로 치아 처치 시 환자의 머리 각도 변화의 시행을 추천한다. 이는 잘못된 자세의 반복행위로 인한 근육의 통증도 줄일 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제17권10호
• /
• pp.1475-1484
• /
• 2003

The EDM processing characteristics of one of the nickel-based heat resistant alloys, Hastelloy- X, were investigated under the various EDM conditions and analyzed in terms of surface integrity. This alloy is commonly used as a material for the hot gas path component of gas turbines and it is difficult to machine by conventional machining methods. The primary EDM parameter which was varied in this study were the pulse-on time. Since the pulse-on time is one of the main factors that determines the intensity of the electrical discharge energy, it was expected that the machining ratio and the surface integrity of the specimens would be proportionally dependent on the pulse-on duration. However, experimental results showed that MRR (material removal rate) and EWR (electrode wear rate) behaved nonlinearly with respect to the pulse duration, whereas the morphological and metallurgical features showed rather a constant trend of change by the pulse duration. In addition the heat treating process affected the recast layer and HAZ to be recrystallized but softening occurred in recast layer only. A metallurgical evaluation of the microstructure for the altered material zone was also conducted.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2011

멀티터치 디스플레이 시스템은 참여자가 별도의 부가장치 없이 다양한 인터랙티브 미디어에 손쉽게 접근할 수 있는 기술로 최근 큰 각광을 받고 있다. 특히 마이크로소프트사의 서피스 (Microsoft Surface)와 같이 벽면형 디스플레이 이외에 원형의 디스플레이 상에서의 멀티터치 기술이 상용화됨에 따라 보다 다양한 형태의 탠저블 인터페이스로서의 가능성을 보였다. 본 논문 에서는 이를 확장하여 구형이 아닌 볼록형(Convex) 불규칙 표면을 대상으로 영상을 디스플레이 하고 디스플레이된 콘텐츠와 참여자의 상호작용이 가능한 멀티터치 인터랙션 시스템을 제안한다. 이러한 제안 방법은 각종 탠져블 인터페이스, 예를 들어 디오라마 기반의 전시 시스템이나 체감형 아케이드 게임에서 효율적으로 사용될 수 있다.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2017

DF formula is comprised of three traditional herbs, Ephedra intermedia, Rheum palmatum and Lithospermum erythrorhizon, and locally used for treating of the metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes in Korea. We tried to optimize the extraction conditions of two major components, (-)-ephedrine and (+)-pseudoephedrine, in DF formula using response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design (BBD). The experimental conditions with 70% for EtOH concentrations, 4.8 hour for extraction hours and 8.7 times for the solvent to material ratio were suggested for the optimized extraction of DF formula with the highest amounts of (-)-ephedrine and (+)-pseudoephedrine in the designed model.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.728-737
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of the chemical properties of wool treated with six kinds of alkali (NaOH, Naac03, NH40H, NH2CH3CH30H, TMAH and BTMAH) with or without CTAB. Content of bound fatty acid liberated from wool surface, elemental composition and allw6rden time were measured to compare the surface modification of untreated and alkali treated wool. Also, the chemical degradation of the fiber was investigated by measuring cystine contents and urea-hydrogensulfite solubility. The result were as follows: 1. By the alkali treatment of wool, the covalently bound fatty acid of the epicuticle was removed and the allworden time was shortened, and in the case of wool treated with TMAH, BTMAH, the allw6rden sacs were formed unevenly and rarely. Also, cystine contents and urea-hydrogensulfite solubility were decreased by alkali treatment on wool. 2. The modification of epicuticle and the chemical degradation of wool were occurred due to alkaline hydrolysis in the order of TMAH, BTMAH > NaOH, Na3c03> NH2CH3CHaOH, NH40H. 3. As a treating time increased, the modification of epicuticle and chemical degradation of wool were accelerated. By the addition of CTAB to the alkali solution, the modification of epicuticle was increase, and the cystine contents and urea-hydrogensulfite solubility were reduced than that of wool teated with alkli without CTAB due to reduction of negative charge on the wool surface by the adhesion of CTAB.

• 대한조선학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 1987

Linear and nonlinear hydrodynamic force, which acts on submerged circular and eilliptic cylinders in oscillations as well as in advancing motion, are investigated as an initial-boundary value problem using a numerical method, which makes use of the source distribution on the body surface and the spectral method for treating the free surface waves. In the numerical code developed here, the boundary condition at the body surface is linearized. Using the numerical code so attained, nonlinear effects for different forward speeds and of the large-amplitude motion are computed. One of the major findings is that, when the forward speed is large, the added mass has its minimum and the damping force change rapidly around the frequency corresponding to the speed-frequency parameter, $\tau$=0.25, Compared to the result of Grue's [10], who used linear theory to get abrupt changes in values of the added mass and the damping force at the frequency corresponding to $\tau$=0.25, the present study, which takes nonlinear effects into account, shows much smoother variations near the frequency.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.78-84
• /
• 2019

Cell therapeutic agents for treating degenerative brain diseases using neural stem cells are actively being developed. However, few systems have been developed to monitor in real time whether the transplanted neural stem cells are actually differentiated into neurons. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology capable of specifically monitoring neuronal differentiation in vivo. In this study, we established a system that expresses cell membrane-targeting red fluorescent protein under control of the Synapsin promoter in order to specifically monitor differentiation from neural stem cells into neurons. In order to overcome the weak expression level of the tissue-specific promoter system, the partial 5' UTR sequence of Creb was added for efficient expression of the cell surface-specific antigen. This system was able to track functional neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells transplanted in vivo, which will help improve stem cell therapies.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2006

목 적: 10 MV X-선의 선형가속기를 이용하여 두경부종양 및 임파선 전이 환자를 치료할 시 피부표면 종양에 균일한 선량을 부여하기 위하여 조직 등가물질로 산란판을 제작하였으며 팬톰을 이용한 피부선량을 측정하여 그 효과를 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 조직 등가 물질인 lucite로 산란판을 제작하여 가속기의 콜리메이터와 피부사이에 부착하였으며 조사면적의 크기($5{\times}5{\sim}30{\times}30cm^2$)와 산란판 두께 및 피부와 산란판 간의 거리에 따른 피부 및 체표 0.4 cm에서의 선량 변화를 측정하였다. 또한 자체 제작한 산란 판의 체표 선량 증강 효과를 평가하기위해 볼루스를 이용한 체표 선량을 측정하여 그 효과를 비교하였다. 결 과: 10 MV X-선 선형가속기와 피부 사이에 산란판을 설치하여 피부선량이 증가 되었으며 산란판의 위치에 따라 피부선량이 변화되었고, 0.4 cm 깊이의 선량과 최대선량지점이 피부표면쪽으로 이동하였다. 산란판이 일정할 경우 조사면적이 커질수록 표면선량이 증가하고 최대 선량점은 피부표면 방향으로 이동하였다. 또한 산란판의 두께가 두꺼울수록 표면선량이 증가하고 최대 선량점은 피부표면 방향으로 이동하였다. 결 론: 10 MV X-선을 이용하여 두경부 종양 및 임파선 전이 암을 치료할 경우 산란판을 이용하여 이차산란 전자를 피부표면 앞에서 발생시킴으로써 표면근접부의 선량을 증가시켜 종양부위에 균일한 선량을 조사할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 조사면적에 따라 적정 산란판 조건을 찾아 임상에서 유용하게 사용하고자 하였으며, 1.2 cm, 1.8 cm 두께의 산란판을 피부로부터 7 cm에 위치 시켰을때 $10{\times}10cm^2$ 조사면적의 표면선량이 각각 60%, 64%로 측정되었고, 0.4 cm 깊이의 선량이 94%, 94%로 가장 이상적으로 관찰되었다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.384-396
• /
• 2020

Breast cancer is one of the most common life-threatening malignancies and the top cause of cancer deaths in women. Although many conventional therapies exist for its treatment, breast cancer still has many handicaps to overcome. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a well-known cause of tumor recurrences due to the ability of CSCs for self-renewal and differentiation into cell subpopulations, similar to stem cells. To fully treat breast cancer, a strategy for the treatment of both cancer cells and CSCs is required. However, current strategies for the eradication of CSCs are non-specific and have low efficacy. Therefore, surface biomarkers to selectively treat CSCs need to be developed. Here, 34 out of 641 surface biomarkers on CSCs were identified by proteomic analysis between the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and MCF-7-derived CSCs. Among them, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 6 (CEACAM6 or CD66c), a member of the CEA family, was selected as a novel biomarker on the CSC surface. This biomarker was then experimentally validated and evaluated for use as a CSC-specific marker. Its biological effects were assessed by treating breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) with short hairpin (sh)-RNA under oxidative cellular conditions. This study is the first to evaluate the biological function of CD66c as a novel biomarker on the surface of CSCs. This marker is available as a moiety for use in the development of targeted therapeutic agents against CSCs.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study evaluated the validity of measuring paravertebral muscle function with 3D-NEWTON (Hanmed, Korea) by assessing the correlation between Biodex (Biodex, USA) and surface electromyography (EMG). Methods: Nineteen healthy adults participated. The function of their paravertebral muscle was measured in three ways. Maximum endurance time was measured in seconds when 3D-NEWTON was inclined forward for assessing extensor function, and inclined backward for assessing flexor function. Using surface EMG, maximum muscle activity was obtained from the eractor spinae and rectus abdominis during the 3D-NEWTON measurement. Maximum muscle activity was the mean activity from 10 seconds when the root mean squared firing data was highest. Through Biodex the peak torques of the extensor and flexor were measured during isometric exercises. The Spearman correlation coefficiencts from 3D-NEWTON, surface EMG, and Biodex were calculated. Results: The data from surface EMG and Biodex were statistically correlated when measured for flexor function, but less so for extensor function. In the case of 3D-NEWTON, the correlation coefficient with Biodex was 0.50 (p=0.05), while the coefficient with surface EMG was 0.53 (p=0.02) when measured for extensor function. Similarly, the correlation coefficienct with Biodex was 0.60 (p=0.01), while the surface EMG was 0.51 (p=0.03) for flexor function. Conclusion: 3D-NEWTON was a useful method for measuring paravertebral muscle function and can give helpful information for treating people with diseases associated with the lumbar spine.