• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.101-105
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• 1992

Machined graphite/epoxy composite surfaces were studied by using SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy). surface profilometry and its analysis to determine suitable surface describing parameters for machined unidirectional and laminate composite surface. The surface roughness and profile are found to be highly dependent on the fiber layup direction and the measurement direction. Machined unidirectional and 0.deg. 45 .deg. 90 .deg. plies in laminate composite surface profiles are found to be Gaussian in the direction of machining. Since there exist bare fibers without matrix smearing in 0 .deg. ply, higher surface roughness values were found in this orientation. It was possible to machine 90 .deg. and -45 .deg. plies due to the adjacent plies, which were holding those plies. It was found that the microgeometrical variations in terms of roughness parameters Ra without Dy (maximum Damage Depth) region and Dy are better descriptors of the machined laminate composite surface than commonly used roughness parameters Ra and Ra. The characteristics of surface profiles in laminate composite are well represented in CHD (Cumulative Height Distribution) plot and PPD (Percentage Probability Density) plot. Also, the power spectral density function is shown to be capable of identifying the wavelength distribution of the machining damage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.54-59
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• 2004

A measure for good products manufactured by grinding process is the surface roughness that is affected by a lot of operating parameters such as types of abrasive, grain size, bond material, wheel speed, table speed, depth of cut, hardness of workpiece and stiffness of grinding machine. In this study, an application of the design of experiments was tried for evaluating the effect of operating parameters on the surface roughness. The workpiece was a high speed tool steel(SKH51) and the surface grinding was conducted. In order to obtain the best surface roughness within constraints of the working range, the optimal grinding conditions were selected. The usefulness of this method was evaluated by the statistical strategy.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.9-13
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• 2013

Lapping is a very complicated and random process resulting from the variation of abrasive grains in its sizes and shapes and from the numerous factors having an effect on the process quality. This paper presents a study of a $2^4$ full factorial experimental design and analysis to optimize surface quality in lapping operation. The optimization of the factors to obtain minimum surface roughness was carried out by incorporating effect plots, main effect plots, interaction plots, analysis of variance(ANOVA), surface plots, and contour plots. The statistical design experiments, designed to reduce the total number of experiments required, indicated that, within the selected conditions, all the parameters influenced at a significance level of 5%. In addition, some of the possible interactions between these parameters also influenced the lapping process, especially those that were of third order. A regression model was suggested and fitted the experimental data very well.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.601-610
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• 2008

This paper deals with a new geometrical surface modeling method of forebody's hull form which is fully defined by form parameters. The complex hull form in the forebody can be modeled by the combination of three parts: bare hull, bulbous bow and blending part which connects a bare hull and a bulbous bow. All these subdomain parts are characterized by each own form parameters and constructed with simple surface model. For this, we need only 2-dimensional hull form data and then the form parameters are calculated automatically from these data. Finally, the smooth hull form surfaces are generated by parametric design and fair-skinning. In the practical point of view, we show that this new method can be useful and efficient modeling tool by applying to the hull form surface modeling of Panamax container's forebody.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.6 no.2 s.21
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• pp.61-68
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• 2006

The earthquake parameters are known to be responsible for determination of the initial free surface profiles of tsunamis. This study investigates the effects of earthquake parameters to variation of initial free surface profiles of tsunamis triggered by an impulsive undersea earthquake. The target event is the 1983 Central East Sea Tsunami recorded as the most devastating tsunami in Korea during last several decades. Among the earthquake parameters, the strike angle may play a most significant role in determining the initial free surface.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2020

This study presents an investigation of the dynamic interactions between a surface structure lying on two different soil deposits and a square-shaped buried structure embedded in the soil. To this end, a large number of numerical models are generated by using a well-known Finite Element Method software, i.e., OpenSEES. The interaction phenomenon is assumed to be affected by six different parameters. In the parametric study, these parameters are assumed to have various values in accordance with the engineering practices. A total of 1620 possible combinations of the parameter values are addressed in this study. 30 different numerical models are also generated as the 'free-field cases' to set a reference. The surface structure drift and acceleration amplifications are used as a measure to evaluate the dynamic interactions. The response (i.e., drifts and accelerations) amplifications are calculated as the ratio of the maximum surface structure response in any 'case' to the maximum surface structure response in corresponding free-field case. Variation of the response amplifications with any of the investigated parameters is addressed in this paper. The results obtained from the numerical analyses clearly reveal that the presence of a buried structure in the vicinity of a surface structure can cause both amplification and de-amplification of the surface structure responses, depending on the case parameters.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.268-276
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• 2002

In this study, a 3D coordinate measurement system equipped with a laser displacement meter for digitizing rock joint surface was established and the digitized data were used to calculate several roughness parameters. The parameters used in this study were micro avenge inclination $angle(i_{ave})$, average slope of joint $asperity(SL_{ ave})$, root mean square of $i-angle(i_{rms})$, standard deviation of height(SDH), standard deviation of $i-angle(SD_i)$, roughness profile $index(R_P)$, and fractal dimension(D). The relationships between the roughness parameters based on the digitzation of the surface profile were analyzed. Since the measured value varied according to the degree of reflection and the variation of colors at the measuring point, rock joint surface was painted in white to minimize the influence of the surface conditions. The comparison of the measured values and roughness parameters before and after painting revealed the better consequence from measurement on the painted surfaces. Also, effect of measuring interval was studied. As measured interval was increased, roughness parameters were exponentially decreased. The incremental sequence of degree of decrease was $SDH\; i_{ave},\; i_{rms},\; SD_i,\;and\; R_ p-1$. As a result of comparison of parameters from pin-type measurement system and laser type measurement system, all value of parameters were higher when laser-type measurement system was used, except SDH.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 1999

Surface complexation models(SCMs) have been performed to predict metal ion adsorption behavior onto the mineral surface. Application of SCMs, however, requires a self-consistent approach to determine model parameter values. In this paper, in order to determine the metal ion adsorption parameters for the triple layer model(TLM) version of the SCM, we used the zeta potential data for Zeolite and Kaolinite, and the metal ion adsorption data for Pb(II) and Cd(II). Fitting parameters determined for the modeling were as follows ; total site concentration, site density, specific surface area, surface acidity constants, etc. Zeta potential as a new approach other than the acidic-alkalimetric titration method was adopted for simulation of adsorption phenomena. Some fitting parameters were determined by the trial and error method. Modeling approach was successful in quantitatively simulating adsorption behavior under various geochemical conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.133-140
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• 2002

The object of this paper is to predict the surface roughness using the experiment equation of surface roughness, which is developed with a full factorial design in turning. $3^3$ full factorial design has been used to study main and interaction effects of main cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut, on surface roughness. For prediction of surface roughness, the arithmetic average (Ra) is used, and stepwise regression has been used to check the significance of all effects of cutting parameters. Using the result of these, the experimental equation of surface roughness, which consists of significant effects of cutting parameters, has been developed. The coefficient of determination of this equation is 0.9908. And the prediction ability of this equation was verified by additional experiments. The result of that, the coefficient of determination is 0.9718.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.639-644
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• 2009

This study presents the new idea of liquid desiccant system with extended surface to reduce the system size. The extended surface is inserted between vertical cooling/heating tubes to increase the mass transfer area, and the liquid desiccant flows through the tube wall and the extended surface. Mathematical models for heat and mass transfer between liquid desiccant and air stream at tube wall and extended surface are provided. Dimensionless design parameters governing heat and mass transfer phenomena around the tube and the extended surface are identifier, and dimensionless operating parameters depicting system operating condition including flow rate ratio between dehumidification/regeneration processes, and mass flow rate ratio between air stream and liquid desiccant are explained. The effects of the parameters on system performance are summarized.