• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2011

본 논문은 원자력시설내의 방사성 표면오염을 측정평가하기 위한 표변오염도 시료채취용 자동화 시료채취기 개발에 있다. 시료채취를 위한 간접법은 사람에 의한 수동적인 시료 채취방법으로서 시료를 채취하는 사람에 따라 문지르는 횟수 강도 및 면적이 다르다. 이로 인하여 표면오염도 측정치의 정확도가 저하되고 시료 채취시마다 측정치의 오차가 많이 발생한다. 개발된 장치에 의한 방법은 기존방법에 의한 표면오염도의 측정치보다 smear paper의 방사성 시료가 균일하게 채취됨을 확인하였으며, 향후 표면오염도의 평가시 측정자료의 일관성을 확보하게 되었다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2013

This paper presents a study on the design for contamination preventation system of solar battery. The system of contamination preventation has an wind amplifier. Wind amplifier is conceptually designed by using TRIZ. The surface of solar battery is covered with dust during accumulate the energy. The dust cause reduce power of photovoltaic module and efficiency drop of photovoltaic system. Reflect and absorb of incident ray are caused by the dust on surface of solar battery. The solution of this problem has been derived using 6SC(6 steps creativity)TRIZ. The wind amplifier which has structure such as funnel shape. The incident wind in the wide hole is amplified by the gate become narrow. The system of contamination preventation with wind amplifier which mounted on the side of the solar battery surface reduces the reflect and absorb and improve the efficiency of photovoltaic system.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.159-167
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• 1996

The effect of atmospheric gas on the surface cleanliness in the batch annealing furnace(BAF) is presented. It is very important to improve the surface cleanliness to investigate the surface defects such as carbon contamination, smudge and yellow color phenomenon on the surface of steel sheet. In order to study the occurrence of surface defects of steel sheet, the annealing operations were carried out in the H2 BAF with 75% hydrogen and conventional BAF with 4% hydrogen. The hydrogen is important factor that affect the energy saving in the entire annealing cycle and the surface cleanliness. In the conventional BAF, it shows that to protect the yellow color phenomenon the proper finish temperature is $80^{\circ}C$ and in the smudge sample the oxidized thickness has the depth of $120{\AA}$.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 대전지역 종합병원 중 일반촬영장치, CT, MRI 검사 장치 각 2대씩 선정하여 시간대 별 검사 장치의 표면오염도를 측정하여 감염도를 예측하고 감염 예방을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 실험을 하였다. 그 결과 일반촬영장치와 MRI 검사장치의 시간대 별 표면 오염도는 13시>8시>16시 순이였으며, CT검사 장치는 13시>16시>8시 순이었으며 이는 검사 건수의 영향으로 나타났다. 또한 검사 장치 부위 별 표면 오염도 결과는 일반촬영장치는 Stand Bucky 손잡이, CT 검사장치는 머리받침대, MRI 검사 장치는 조작 스위치에서 ATP 오염도 수치가 가장 많이 나왔으며, 이는 접촉 건수와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 소독 전후를 비교한 결과 소독 후 모든 장치에서 유의한 차이로 감소한 결과를 보였다. 실험 결과를 바탕으로 영상의학과 검사실의 오염도를 파악하고 감염질환을 예방할 수 있는 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이라고 사료된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of blood contamination on the Vickers hardness and the surface morphology of premixed MTA and compare them with the effects on conventional MTA. The Vickers microhardness of Endocem MTA Premixed Regular (EP) and ProRoot MTA (PM) was assessed after immersion in fetal bovine serum (FBS) and saline. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were seeded on MTA after immersion in FBS, saline, and deionized water (DW). Cell adhesion patterns and surface morphology were visualized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface microhardness of EP and PM in FBS was lower than in saline. However, short-term exposure of PM to FBS did not reduce the microhardness compared to saline. Angular crystals formed in water, while rounded crystals with more air voids appeared in FBS. Favorable SHED attachment occurred in all groups. Overall, the surface hardness of EP and PM decreased after FBS exposure, although PM was less influenced. We suggest minimizing the amount of bleeding when using MTA clinically; nevertheless, PM remains an option with more expected blood contamination than EP. In summary, exposure to FBS decreased mechanical performance but allowed cell adhesion for both MTAs, with PM being more resistant to these changes.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the contamination level of uniforms with nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus before and after the clinical practice of nursing students. Methods: This study was a survey research, conducting microbial culture by smearing the front surface and the pockets of uniforms, and the nasal cavity both before and after clinical practice on 70 nursing students. For the analysis, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, paired t-test were used for statistical analysis using SPSS 19.0. Results: The contamination level of uniforms increased more significantly after clinical practice on the front surface (p=.008) and pockets (p=.031) than before clinical practice, and Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterobacter aerogenes were detected. Conclusion: Through the results above, it is believed that it is reasonable to do the laundering of clinical uniforms of nursing students once a week. Because it is possible to disseminate disease germs with the contamination of clinical practice uniforms in a hospital environment, it is necessary to offer education for the laundering of uniforms with appropriate management.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1132-1141
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• 2004

The waveforms of the leakage currents for the surface discharge according to the degree of salt contamination and the variation of environmental condition on the EPDM polymer insulators, were shown in this paper. The variation phenomena of fundamental wave, 3rd and 5th harmonic waveforms were also shown from the beginning of the applied voltage and to the flashover voltage. To develop the technique of percentage contamination degree of EPDM polymer insulator according to the variation of environmental condition, the distortion degree of 3rd and 5th harmonic wave to the fundamental wave was utilized through the spectrum analysis for the waveforms of leakage current in the simulation of salt and fog test. The fact that distortion degree % of 3rd and 5th harmonics for fundamental wave is a necessary indicator for the assessment of contamination degree for the polymer insulators, was known.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2006

This paper reports on the effects of silicone oils, used as processing agents, on the recovery of hydrophobicity of silicone rubber. The recovery of hydrophobicity was evaluated by the measuring the contact angle, the surface electrical resistance and SEM. Here, we formed artificial contamination on the surface of samples, which scratched by sand papers and alumina powders. There was small recovery of hydrophobicity on the surface of SIR-A that silicone oil was not added. In both oil-added samples, SIR-B and SIR-C, recovery of hydrophobicity was achieved greatly. The surface of SIR-C showed that a lot of silicone oil was observed due to migration of oil, relatively in comparison with SIR-B. The tendency of recovery of hydrophobicity expressed by contact angle was in a good agreement with electrical property as determined by surface resistivity.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2023

In CO₂ laser surface machining of plastic films in modern display manufacturing, scattering of fume particles could be a major source of well-recognized film surface contamination. This computational fluid dynamics research investigates the suction air flow patterns over a film surface as well as the dispersion of micron-sized fume particles with low-Reynolds number particle drag model. The numerical results show the recirculatory flow patterns near laser machining point on film surface and also over the surface of vertical suction slot, which may hinder the efficient removal of fume particles from film surface. The dispersion characteristics of fume particles with various particle size have been tested systematically under different levels of suction flow intensity. It is found that suction removal efficiency of fume particles heavily depends on the particle size in highly nonlinear manners and a higher degree of suction does not always results in more efficient particle removal.

• 물과 미래
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.19-29
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• 1973

The progressive contamination of water resulted from man's activity and the use of fertilizers is not restricted only to surface water, but also the shallow groundwater is affected. This type of groundwater contamination is mainly restricted to areas composed of permeable, nonconsolidated sediments forming a shallow aquifer. The chloride and the sulfate resulted from man's activity and the use of fertilizers were measured to study the variations of the groundwater contamination. In general, (1) When water level rises, the rate of groundwater contamination becomes less and when water level declines, the rate of contamination is increased. (2) The highly contaminated season is the early-summer and the less contaminated season is the winter or after rainy season. (3) The groundwater in weathering zone without covering layer. (4) The degree of contamination of wells is increased with the increase of well depth and lowing the water table, because of increasing contaminated water from enlargement of the area of influence of the well.