• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2007

Purpose: As a result of dramatic advances in the medical and surgical management of congenital heart disease (CHD), many babies born with cardiac anomalies today can expect to reach adulthood. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parenting stress and personal resources of mothers of children with CHD. Method: Fifty-one mothers of children with CHD were recruited at the pediatric cardiac outpatient clinic from July 14th to September 25th 2006. Abidin's parenting stress index/short form (PSI/SF) and Brandt and Weinert's personal resource questionnaire (PRQ) were used. PSI has 3 sub-concepts; parental role distress, dysfunctional parent-child interaction, and difficult child. PRQ has 4 sub-concepts; intimacy, social integration, worth, and assistance. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 version. Results: Correlation analysis showed that parenting stress was significantly related to 'intimacy', 'social integration', and 'worth' of mothers. Multiple regression analysis showed that parenting stress was significantly related to personal resource of mother and information by internet. Conclusion: Mothers who felt they had supportive friends and family, high self esteem, and social integration reported lower parenting stress. Also, internet may be an effective method to provide information and share experience for mothers of children with CHD.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.317-328
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to develop the empowerment education program, to describe the experiences of diabetes patient's empowerment process and to develop a theoretical model of the diabetes patient's empowerment process. Method 1. : The development of the empowerment program for the diabetes patients: The strategies of the empowerment education program were enhancement of problem - solving, decision making, self-efficacy, self-control. participation and mutual support. Method 2. : According to the grounded theory methodology of Strauss and Corbin, the qualitative data was collected with in depth interviews and participants observations until its saturation when the 25 consented subjects were participating and interacting with the other subjects in the empowerment education program. Results: With the analysis of the data, 29 categories were generated. The core category generated, which was a central phenomenon of the empowerment process, was named powerlessness. The intervening conditions facilitating or impeding the empowerment process were discovered as supportive systems through the participation of group meeting, problem solving dialogue, and the knowledge deficit of self-care. The action/interaction strategies were developed as the paricipating, dialoguing, questioning, supporting system, self-controlling, self efficacy, enhancing self-esteem. stress relaxing and instillation of hope.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.165-181
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• 2000

Even though enormous governmental expenses and scientists' efforts to find out definite causes and treatment methods of senile dementia have been investigated, little has been known in this area. Along with knowledge development of the etiology and treatment of the dementia, researchers have started to focus on improving the quality of life of the older adults with dementia through psychosocial intervention. This study was designed to propose a theoretical framework for establishing therapeutic environment for the older adults with dementia and for developing principles and strategies of caring. The results of this study were expected to help family members of the older adults with dementia to understand behavioral problems of the demented persons. The results can be utilized for health professionals to provide nursing interventions to reduce family caregivers' burden and to improve the quality of life of the older adults with dementia and their family. Caring principles developed from this study were as follows: 1. To minimize the stressors that can stimulate older adults with dementia. 2. To assess demented person's needs for safety and provide intervention based on the assessment. 3. To provide therapeutic environment for older adults with dementia to reduce confusion and to improve orientation. 4. To organize simple regular daily activities that older adults can anticipate. 5. To enhance demented person's self-esteem and self-confidence by providing supportive care. 6. To promote social interaction of the older adults with dementia by utilizing adequate activity programs.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.679-688
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• 2011

Using data from an ongoing study of 170 children aged 4-6 years in low-income families, this study tests how mothers' parenting behaviors and teacher-child relationship influences the adjustment to child-care centers of young children. The mothers' parenting behaviors were measured by the mothers of surveyed children, while the teacher-child relationship and children's adjustment were rated by teachers. Measurements were recorded from using the Iowa Parent Behavior Inventory(Crase et al. 1987), Student-Teacher Relationship Scale(Pianta et al. 1995) and the Adjustment to Child-care Centers Scale(Lee 2004). The collected data was analyzed by hierarchical regression using the SPSS Program. Results indicate that mothers' parenting behaviors in the low-income families controlled characteristics of children and are positively associated with one area of early school adjustment, learning readiness. In other words, mothers who are more involved and demonstrate supportive parenting, have children with better learning readiness. The teacher-child relationship is strongly related to all areas of children's adjustment. The interaction effect of parenting behaviors and the teacher-child relationship on children's learning readiness is observed. These results highlight the importance of the teacher-child closeness as well as the quality of parenting behaviors during the preschool period for the low-income family in improving early school adjustment.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.371-380
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• 2009

Purpose: This study aimed at describing the characteristics and nursing needs of vulnerable families in a City. Methods: A total of 427 vulnerable families enrolled in the Visiting Health Care Center in K-gu of S city were investigated in this study. Data were collected using questionnaires for one year from Jan to Dec, 2003, and analysed using mean, standard deviation and $x^2$. Results: Most of the vulnerable families investigated here showed many deficits, especially incomplete family structure (62.8%), financial problem (84.0%), lack of support (55.8%) were prevalent. The score of level of economic status in Family Capability for Self management ($1.95{\pm}0.65$) was lowest, and the score of perception of family problem and health of family members ($2.62{\pm}0.78$) was highest. The four family groups divided according to the total score of family management capability showed significant differences in family interaction, support, and coping domain. The total score of family management capability increased as family functioning-related problems decreased in the vulnerable families. Conclusion: In order to find vulnerable families, and improve their family function, it is required to develop the systematic assesment tools, community supportive systems and nursing interventions for family strength.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권9호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2006

본 연구는 미국 NICHD Study of Early Child Care에 참여하는 1364 가족을 대상으로 하여 어머니의 초기취업이 이후 어머니-자녀 관계에 미치는 영향을 종단적으로 밝혀보고자 하였다. 자녀 출생 이후 6개월부터의 취업에 관한 데이터를 이용하여 자녀의 영유아기 시기에 언제나 일주일에 30시간 이상 취업해 왔던 어머니, 파트타임으로 취업해왔거나 일부 기간 동안만 일했던 어머니, 그리고 늘 전업주부였던 어머니 집단으로 나누어 자녀가 36개월일 때와 초등학교 1학년일 때 세 집단 간 어머니의 지지행동, 자녀 자율성 존중, 적대감의 정도를 비교하였다. 자녀 연령 36개월까지 언제나 취업했던 어머니는 전혀 취업하지 않은 어머니에 비해 낮은 수준의 지지행동을 36개월에 보였다. 자녀 생후 1년 동안 부분적으로만 일했던 어머니는 다른 집단 어머니에 비해 유의하게 높은 수준의 지지행동을 보였다. 이외의 36개월에 관찰된 변수들에서는 유의한 집단 차이가 존재하지 않았다. 초등학교 일학년 때 모-자녀 관계에서는 어머니의 36개월까지의 취업집단 및 1학년 때 취업집단 사이 모두 유의한 집단차를 찾을 수 없었다. 전반적인 결과는 어머니의 취업, 특히 영유아기의 초기 취업이 2-3년 이후 어머니가 자녀와 가지는 상호작용의 질에 일관되게 부정적인 영향을 주지는 않는다는 점을 시사하였다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.125-146
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 직장 내 지지와 직장 내 상담접근성이 직장 내 괴롭힘 피해 근로자의 우울에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 수준 간 상호작용효과를 검증하는 것이다. 분석을 위하여 2017년 국가인권위원회에서 실시한 조사에서 직장 내 괴롭힘 피해 경험이 있는 642명의 응답 자료를 사용하여 다층분석을 적용하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 피해자가 인식한 직장에 대한 안전감에 따라 집단을 분류한 결과, 직장에 대한 안전감을 낮게 인식할수록 피해자의 우울이 높았다. 둘째, 피해자가 직장 내 지지를 높게 인식할수록 피해자의 우울이 낮게 나타났다. 셋째, 직장 내 상담접근성이 높을수록 피해자의 우울이 낮게 나타났다. 넷째, 직장 내 지지와 우울의 관계에서 직장 내 상담접근성의 정적인 상호작용효과가 확인되었다. 즉 직장 내 상담접근성이 높을 때 직장 내 지지가 피해 근로자의 우울을 낮추는 영향이 크게 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 직장 내 괴롭힘에 대한 직장동료나 상급자의 지지 및 회사의 대응에 관하여 안전하고 신뢰로운 조직문화를 형성하고, 근로자의 고충 처리를 담당하는 상담 및 도움창구의 운영이 직장 내 괴롭힘 피해 근로자의 대응을 돕고 우울을 완화하는 보호자원으로 기능할 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.283-290
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• 2012

본 연구는 텔레비전 연설에서 카메라의 샷크기가 정치후보자에 대한 유권자들의 호감도, 신뢰도, 지지도 등에 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 그 과정에서 수용자의 관여도가 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴본 실험연구이다. 본 연구는 2010년 6.2 지방선거, 구청장 후보의 텔레비전 연설 텍스트를 바탕으로 연기자를 출연시켜 샷크기를 달리 한 2가지 유형의 TV 연설 영상물들을 제작, 대학생들로 구성된 2개의 피험자 집단에게 각각 시청하게 한 후, 설문조사를 통해 구청장 후보의 호감도, 신뢰도, 지지도를 측정, 분석하였다. 분석결과 바스트샷 영상에 노출된 피험자들이 웨이스트샷 영상에 노출된 피험자들보다 후보자에 대해 더 큰 호감을 가지고, 더 적극적으로 지지하였다. 그러나 샷크기와 관여도 간의 상호작용 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 연구방법상의 어려움으로 그동안 다루어지지 못했던 TV연설 영상에서 샷크기라는 비언어적 커뮤니케이션 요소가 정치인의 이미지에 미치는 영향을 실험을 통해 검증하였다는 점에서 본 연구의 의의를 찾을 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.89-114
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyze impact absorption function of midsole in cushioned marathon shoes. The foot is made up of a complex interaction of bones, ligaments, and muscles. These structures help the foot alternate between being a mobile, flexible adaptor and a stable rigid lever. The foot is broken down into two functional parts, the forefoot and the rearfoot. Cushioned marathon shoes for high arches have generous cushioning for efficient and high-mileage runners. Cushioned marathon shoes are made for feet that have high arches or no excessive motion and don't roll inward or roll outward. This condition is known as underpronation. Especially, Cushioned marathon shoes are designed to reduce shock and generally have the softest (or most cushioned) midsoles and the least medial support. They are usually built on a semicurved or curved last to encourage foot motion, which is helpful for underpronators (who have rigid, immobile feet). Cushioning marathon shoes recommended for the high-arched runner, whose foot may roll outward (supinate) rather than the natural slight inward roll, or whose feet may be relatively rigid. Cushioning shoes emphasize flexibility and usually are built on a curved or semicurved last to encourage a normal motion of the foot. Cushioning shoes usually offer no medial (inner foot) support. Cushioned marathon shoes have the single-density midsole, which is stable and relatively firm for a cushioned shoe, stays the same. But the forefoot is more rounded, and the rearfoot now includes a new and supportive rearfoot cradle. A foam midsole, perhaps with layers of different densities, to provide cushioning and shock absorption. EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) and PU (polyurethane), the materials from which these foams usually are made. EVA is slightly softer than PU. EVA and PU may be layered together in a shoe, or a shoe may have more than one density of EVA.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.98-107
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to confirm the effect of acupressure on the emesis control and the weight change among pediatric cancer patients receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy. Method: Forty pediatric cancer patients, receiving the induction stage of chemotherapy with MTX and vincristine, were divided into control(n=20) and the intervention group(n=20). Both groups received regular anti-emesis medication, but the intervention group was added acupressure maneuver for 5 minutes on P6 point for 3 times a day for 5days: before chemotherapy, lunch and dinner by investigator during the hospitalization and by mother at home. The instruments for this study were Rhode's(1986) Index of nausea, vomiting and retching(INVR), Cas electric scale and pamphlet developed by researcher. Result: Significant differences in the degree of nausea and vomiting were observed between the control and the intervention group as measured by INVR(t=4.73; p=.01). Repeated measures ANOVA also shows that the group effect was significant(F=22.39, P=.01) as was the time effect(F=380.35, P=.01). The group by time interaction was also significant(F=5.27, P=.01). Acupressure maneuver was apparently effective in reducing the degree of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. There were also statistically significant weight loss noted in the control group than the intervention group(t=5.42, p=.01). Conclusion: Acupressure on P6 point shows an effective adjunct maneuver in reducing the degree of nausea and vomiting and conserving the weight in pediatric cancer patients. Therefore, it is proposed that acupressure should be applied as supportive nursing intervention strategies to relieve chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting and to prevent weight loss in pediatric cancer patients.