• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.117-124
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• 2018

Wearable devices have become widespread. Fitness band is one of common wearable devices, providing useful functions. It helps users to monitor and collect their status such as heart rate and travel distance. Wearable devices, including fitness bands, are designed in small size and it ends up having small battery capacity. In that regard, it is necessary to expand the lifetime of wearable devices. Conventional power management scheme of wearable devices is based on DVFS Ondemand Governor and peripheral control by timeout event, such as turning off the LCD. In this paper, we propose a hybrid governor applying hardware supporting low power mode such as sleep mode to exploit the periodicity of fitness band task. In addition, we show hybrid governor outperforms in power consumption than conventional power management scheme of wearable devices based on Ondemand Governor through experiments.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the success factor of local food markets compared to other types of markets such as large discount stores. Methods: SWOT analysis was conducted. In addition to the analysis, we also have interviewed the local farmers and retailers to elaborate the analysis results. Results: The study shows the success factors to the local markets are minimizing the stages of distribution channels, shortening the travel distance from producers to consumers, providing fresh foods, maintaining small amount of production system, and supporting customers. Conclusion: Customer satisfaction is one of the key factors for the successful growth of local food markets. It is strongly recommend to find strategic ways of meeting customer needs since the local food markets are facing tough competition form the large retail stores armed with huge amount of capitals and infrastructures.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.598-605
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• 2000

The design of a current collection system of high speed train requires the fundamental understandings fer the dynamic characteristics of a catenary system and pantograph. The stiffness of the catenary system of high speed train has the varying characteristics for the change of the contact point with a pantograph, since the supporting pole and hanger make the different boundary conditions for the updown stiffness of a trolley wire. The variation of stiffness results in Mathiue equation, which characterizes the stability of the system. However, the two terms variation of the stiffness due to span length and hanger distance cannot be solved analytically. In this paper, the stiffness variations are calculated, and the physical reasoning of linear model and one term Mathieu equation are reviewed. And the numerical analysis for the two term variation of the stiffness is done for the several design parameters of the pantograph.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2002

One of the benefits of the internet-assisted instruction is that it can improve L2 Learners' motivation to express themselves in English. The purpose of this paper is to investigate an effective approach to British-American fiction learning in Korean universities, which can emphasize communicative strategies drawing on video-conferencing system, a chat system(CUSeeMe), and an e-mail system. Students are passive participants who cannot assert their creativity in the traditional teaching method of British-American fiction, which mainly relies upon reading and translation far from literature lessons. In CCDL(Cross-cultural distance learning) class, students can play active roles in asserting their own ideas and assuming considerable responsibility for making a presentation in English. A professor can play a role as a coordinator in supporting the students' activities and in winding up the class. The main significance of this article lies in providing a paradigm for CCDL class beyond the limitation of the traditional teaching method of British-American fiction in Korea and futhermore in exploring the eclectic integration of the traditional one and CCDL.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.431-437
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• 2010

It's strongly needed to minimize the logistics response time for supporting military operations in wartime. In this paper, we suggest the ILP formulation for minimizing logistics response time in wartime. Main structure of this formulation is based on the traveling purchaser problem(TPP) which is a generalized form of the well-known traveling salesman problem(TSP). In the case of general TPP, objective function is to minimize the sum of traveling cost and purchase cost. But, in this study, objective function is to minimize traveling cost only. That's why it's more important to minimize traveling cost(time or distance) than purchase cost in wartime. We find out optimal solution of this problem by using ILOG OPL STUDIO(CPLEX v.11.1) and do the sensitive analysis about computing time according to number of operated vehicles.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 2004

Electronic Ink is a stored data in the form of the handwritten text or the script without converting it into ASCII by handwritten recognition on the pen-based computers and Personal Digital Assistants(PDA) for supporting natural and convenient data input. One of the most important issue is to search the electronic ink in order to use it. We proposed and implemented a script matching algorithm for the electronic ink. Proposed matching algorithm separated the input stroke into a set of primitive stroke using the curvature of the stroke curve. After determining the type of separated strokes, it produced a stroke feature vector. And then it calculated the distance between the stroke feature vector of input strokes and one of strokes in the database using the dynamic programming technique.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.199-225
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• 2021

The aim of the current study was to suggest priorities needed to be considered by university instructors when designing online learning. Based on three types of interactions (learner-content, learner-instructor, and learner-learner interactions) for effective online learning (Moore, 1989), draft questionnaires representing each type of interaction were written. After examining content validity by two Ph.D. experts, the survey was constructed with an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) form. Data of 133 university instructors were collected online. Results showed that support for designing learner-learner interaction was the priority for improving online learning. In terms of learner-instructor interaction, instructors needed to provide social-emotional support to learners so that learners could have a sense of belonging. For learner-instructor interaction, supporting instructors to monitor the level of understanding was the most highly demanding strategy for online learning. Limitations and suggestions for further studies were discussed.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2012

In this paper, we study the structure of the Daegyupyo (大圭表, Large Gnomon) of the early Joseon dynasty. A Gyupyo (圭表, Gnomon that is Guibiao as pronounced in Chinese) is composed of a Pyo (表, Biao as pronounced in Chinese) making a shadow and a Gyu (圭, Gui as pronounced in Chinese) measuring its length. It is known that the Daegyupyo with the 40-feet height was constructed between the sixteenth to seventeenth year of the King Sejong reign (1444 - 1445) on the basis of the record of Yuanshi (元史, the History of the Yuan Dynasty). By analyzing historical documents such as Joseonwangjosillok (朝鮮王朝實錄, the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty), Yuanshi, and Jegaryeoksangjip (諸家曆象集, a work written by Sunji Lee), we found a possibility that the Ji (池, a pond) on the Gyu was located in the north side of the Pyo. This structure is different from that in previous studies, but is in a good agreement with that of the 40-feet Guibiao remaining in Dengfeng (登封) of China. Regarding to the Hoengyang (橫梁, cross-bar), we suggest that it was set up by double 5-feet supporting arms apart from the north tip of the Pyo in the radial direction. The 3:4:5 ratio in a rectangular triangle was used to place the Heongyang on the top of the Pyo at a distance of 4-feet (3-feet) in the vertical (horizontal) direction. We also discuss the structural problem when the Hoengyang is positioned apart from the top of the Pyo by supporting arms. In conclusion, we think that this study should be useful in restoring the Daegyupyo of the Joseon dynasty.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.4
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• pp.577-590
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• 2003

The shape-based retrieval is defined as the operation that searches for the (sub) sequences whose shapes are similar to that of a query sequence regardless of their actual element values. In this paper, we propose a similarity model suitable for shape-based retrieval and present an indexing method for supporting the similarity model. The proposed similarity model enables to retrieve similar shapes accurately by providing the combination of various shape-preserving transformations such as normalization, moving average, and time warping. Our indexing method stores every distinct subsequence concisely into the disk-based suffix tree for efficient and adaptive query processing. We allow the user to dynamically choose a similarity model suitable for a given application. More specifically, we allow the user to determine the parameter p of the distance function $L_p$ when submitting a query. The result of extensive experiments revealed that our approach not only successfully finds the subsequences whose shapes are similar to a query shape but also significantly outperforms the sequence search.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.239-246
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed the balance of the both legs and the kinematic analysis of the upper limb segments and joints during archery shooting and compared the differences according to the scores. 9 K-university elite archery athletes participated. Each archer was asked to shoot 3-shots and 5-ends on a 122 cm target at a distance of 70 m. Seven infrared cameras (Qualisys, sweden) and two force plates (Kistler, Switerland) were used to calculate the upper limb segments and joint movements and the center of pressure (COP). When the archers shot 8 points, range of motion of elbow joint angle on drawing-arm and mediolateral COP range of motion on the left foot were larger than when 9-10 points were shot (p<.05). In order to maintain a high score in the archery game, constant balance is required, and the balance of the left foot supporting the bow during the shooting is an important factor. In addition, minimizing elbow joint movement of the drawing-arm supporting the bow will help stabilized shooting.