• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.178-202
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• 2012

In this paper, we first survey cross-layer architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs). Afterwards, we propose a novel cross-layer architecture for QoS provisioning in clustered and multi-hop based WMSNs. The proposed architecture provides support for multiple network-based applications on a single sensor node. For supporting multiple applications on a single node, an area in memory is reserved where each application can store its network protocols settings. Furthermore, the proposed cross-layer architecture supports heterogeneous flows by classifying WMSN traffic into six traffic classes. The architecture incorporates a service differentiation module for QoS provisioning in WMSNs. The service differentiation module defines the forwarding behavior corresponding to each traffic class. The forwarding behavior is primarily determined by the priority of the traffic class, moreover the service differentiation module allocates bandwidth to each traffic class with goals to maximize network utilization and avoid starvation of low priority flows. The proposal incorporates the congestion detection and control algorithm. Upon detection of congestion, the congested node makes an estimate of the data rate that should be used by the node itself and its one-hop away upstream nodes. While estimating the data rate, the congested node considers the characteristics of different traffic classes along with their total bandwidth usage. The architecture uses a shared database to enable cross-layer interactions. Application's network protocol settings and the interaction with the shared database is done through a cross-layer optimization middleware.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2005

Objective : Anti-malaria drugs may modulate tumor resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, but it has not been proven effective in the treatment of malignant gliomas. The aim of this study was to determine whether adequate pre-clinical data on co-administration of chemotherapeutic agents with anti-malaria drugs on malignant cell lines could be obtained that would warrant its further potential consideration for use in a clinical trial for malignant gliomas. Methods : Two malignant glioma cell lines [U87MG, T98G] were treated with chemotherapeutic agents alone or with anti-malaria drugs. Cells were incubated with drugs for 4 days. Following the 4-day incubation, drug sensitivity assays were performed using 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazol-2-yl] 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT] assay following optimization of experimental conditions for each cell lines and cell viability was calculated. Results : In all of four chemotherapeutic agents[doxorubicin. vincrisitne, nimustine, and cisplatin], the cell viability was found to be markedly decreased when hydroxychloroquine was co-administered on both U87MG and T98G cell lines. The two way analysis of variance[ANOVA] yielded a statistically significant two-sided p-value of 0.0033[doxorubicin], 0.0005[vincrisitne], 0.0007[nimustine], and 0.0003[cisplatin] on U87MG cell lines and 0.0006[doxorubicin], 0.0421[vincrisitne], 0.0317[nimustine], and 0.0001[cisplatin] on T98G cell lines, respectively. However, treatment with chloroquine and primaquine did not induce a decrease in cell viability on both U87MG and T98G cell lines. Conclusion : Our data support further consideration of the use of hydroxychloroquine prior to systemic chemotherapy to maximize its tumoricidal effect for patients with malignant gliomas.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.9A no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2002

This paper present a design and implementation of a distributed audio, Video stream service framework based on CORBA for efficient processing and control of audio/video stream. We design software components which support processing, control and transmission of audio/video streams as distributed objects. For optimization of stream transmission performance, we separate the transmission path of control data and media data. Distributed objects are defined by IDL and implemented using JAVA. And device dependent facilities like media capturing, playing and communication channels are implemented using JMF (Java Media Framework) components. We show a connection establishment and control procedure of streams communication. And for evaluation, we implement a test system and experiment a system performance. Our experiments show that test system has somewhat longer connection latency time compared to TCP connection establishment, but has optimized media transmission time compared to CORBA IIOP. Also test system show acceptable service quality of media transmission.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.153-168
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• 2012

It has been recognized as an important issue to design optimally a firm's logistics network for minimizing logistics cost and maximizing customer service. It is, however, not easy to get an optimal solution by analyzing trade-off of cost factors, dynamic and interdependent characteristics in the logistics network decision making. Although there has been some developments in a system which helps decision making for logistics analysis, it is true that there is no system for enterprise-wise's on-site support and methodical logistics decision. Specially, E-biz process along with information technology has been made dramatic advance in a various industries, there has been much need for practical education closely resembles on-site work. The software developed by this study materializes efficient algorithm suggested by recent studies in key topics of logistics such as location and allocation problem, traveling salesman problem, and vehicle routing problem and transportation and distribution problem. It also supports executing a variety of experimental design and analysis in a way of the most user friendly based on Java. In the near future, we expect that it can be extended to integrated supply chain solution by adding decision making in production in addition to a decision in logistics.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.491-497
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• 2021

An endolichenic fungus Xylaria grammica EL000614 produces grammicin, a potent nematicidal pyrone derivative that can serve as a new control option for root-knot nematodes. We optimized an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) protocol for X. grammica to support genetic studies. Transformants were successfully generated after co-cultivation of homogenized young mycelia of X. grammica with A. tumefaciens strain AGL-1 carrying a binary vector that contains the bacterial hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph) gene and the eGFP gene in T-DNA. The resulting transformants were mitotically stable, and PCR analysis showed the integratin of both genes in the genome of transformants. Expression of eGFP was confirmed via fluorescence microscopy. Southern analysis showed that 131 (78.9%) out of 166 transformants contained a single T-DNA insertion. Crucial factors for producing predominantly single T-DNA transformants include 48 h of co-cultivation, pretreatment of A. tumefaciens cells with acetosyringone before co-cultivation, and using freshly prepared mycelia. The established ATMT protocol offers an efficient tool for random insertional mutagenesis and gene transfer in studying the biology and ecology of X. grammica.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.4158-4165
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• 2021

In this study, tissue equivalency (TE) of a newly developed epoxy-based phantom to 3-5 years child's tissue was investigated in paediatric energy range. Epoxy-based TE-phantoms were produced at different glandular/adipose (G/A) ratios of 17/83%, 31/69%, 36/64% and 10/90%. A procedure was developed in which specific amounts of boron, calcium, magnesium, sulphur compounds are mixed with epoxy resin, together with other minor substitutes. In paediatric energy range of 40-60 kV_p half-value layer (HVL) values were measured and then Hounsfield Units (HU) were determined from Computed Tomography(CT) scans taken in the X-ray energy range of 80-120kV_p. It is found that radiation absorption properties of these phantoms in terms of the measured HVL values related to linear attenuation coefficients (µ) are very well mimicking a 3 years child's soft tissue in case a ratio of 10/90%G/A. Additionally, the HU values of phantoms were determined from the CT scans. The HU = 47.8 ± 4.8 value was found for the epoxy-based phantom produced at a ratio of 10/90%G/A. The obtained HVL and HU values also support the suitability of the new epoxy based-phantom produced at a ratio of 10/90%G/A for a satisfactory mimicking a 3 years child's soft tissue by 5%. Thus they can have a potential use to perform the quality controls of medical X-ray systems and dose optimization studies.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.9
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• pp.344-352
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• 2019

Background: Ventilator dependency constitutes a major problem in the intensive care setting. Malnutrition is considered a major determinant of extubation failure, however, attention has been attracted to modulating carbon dioxide production through decreasing carbohydrate loading and increasing the percent of fat in enteral feeds. The detected interrelation between substrate oxidation and ventilation outcome became the base of several research to determine the appropriate composition of the nonprotein calories of diet in ventilated patients. Purpose: We aimed to assess the effect of high-fat dietary modification and nutritional status on ventilatory and final outcomes of pediatric intensive care. Methods: Fifty-one ventilated children (1 month to 12 years of age) with pulmonary disease who could be enterally fed, in the Cairo University Pediatric intensive care unit, were divided into 2 groups: group A included 25 patients who received isocaloric high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet; group B included 26 patients who received standard isocaloric diet. Comprehensive nutritional assessment was done for all patients. Results: Group A had a significant reduction in carbon dioxide tension, but no similar reduction in the duration or level of ventilatory support. Assisted minute ventilation was predicted by weight-for-age and caloric intake rather than the type of diet. Poor nutritional status was associated with higher mortality and lower extubation rates. Mild hypertriglyceridemia and some gastrointestinal intolerance were significant in group A, with no impact on the adequacy of energy or protein delivery. Conclusion: The high-fat enteral feeding protocol may contribute to reducing carbon dioxide tension, with mild hypertriglyceridemia and negligible gastrointestinal intolerance as potential adverse effects. Optimization of nutritional status rather than dietary modification may improve ventilatory and survival outcomes in critically ill-ventilated children.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.143-150
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• 2021

Since its establishment in 2018, the Young Generation Network (YGN) has been dedicated, with support of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA), to a variety of activities to promote communication, collaboration and professional development of students and young professionals in the area of radiation protection and its allied fields. This article reports our recent activities from the middle of 2018 to the beginning of 2021, with highlights on some important events: "Joint JHPS-SRP-KARP Workshop of Young Generation Network" (December 2019 in Japan); contribution to "Nuclear Energy Agency Workshop on Optimization: Rethinking the Art of Reasonable" (January 2020 in Portugal); survey on the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on radiation protection among IRPA YGN members (March 2020); and contribution to IRPA15 (15^th International Congress of the IRPA; January-February 2021, online). The discussion and insight obtained from each activity are also summarized. The IRPA YGN will aim to achieve its on-going activities and continue to follow the ways paved in the Strategic Agenda and despite the challenges raised by the COVID-19 pandemic. Namely, running an international survey (for example, on the usage of social media in radiation protection, and on the long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic), engaging national YGNs, extending the network, finding new relationships with networks with an interest in the young generation and participation in (remote) events will be aspired for.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.137-142
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• 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is at the forefront of present and future research activities. The huge amount of sensing data from IoT devices needing to be processed is increasing dramatically in volume, variety, and velocity. In response, cloud computing was involved in handling the challenges of collecting, storing, and processing jobs. The fog computing technology is a model that is used to support cloud computing by implementing pre-processing jobs close to the end-user for realizing low latency, less power consumption in the cloud side, and high scalability. However, it may be that some resources in fog computing networks are not suitable for some kind of jobs, or the number of requests increases outside capacity. So, it is more efficient to decrease sending jobs to the cloud. Hence some other fog resources are idle, and it is better to be federated rather than forwarding them to the cloud server. Obviously, this issue affects the performance of the fog environment when dealing with big data applications or applications that are sensitive to time processing. This research aims to build a fog topology job scheduling (FTJS) to schedule the incoming jobs which are generated from the IoT devices and discover all available fog nodes with their capabilities. Also, the fog topology job placement algorithm is introduced to deploy jobs into appropriate resources in the network effectively. Finally, by comparing our result with the state-of-art first come first serve (FCFS) scheduling technique, the overall execution time is reduced significantly by approximately 20%, the energy consumption in the cloud side is reduced by 18%.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.81-96
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• 2021

This study examines the importance of factors that influence the online platform selection decision to support operational optimization strategies. For the research purpose, we first reviewed previous studies on service encounters and identified those factors that have been proven important for using online platforms. Second, this study analyzed the factors that customers perceived as important based on analytical hierarchy process (AHP) of the data we collected from 10 mobile or computer-based Internet users. The study results revealed that the important factors for the online platform selection were in the following order: product diversity (27.4%), ease of use (21.5%), brand credibility (18.1%), interactions with the service provider (17.7%), and ease of accessibility (15.3%). The study provides useful insights to online platform service providers in developing strategies for customer-focused value creation.