• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1315-1329
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate anticytotoxic and antioxidatative capacities of ethanol extracts from Acer tegmentosum Maxim (A. tegmentosum) stem in vitro. The extract at concentration of 200 ug/mL inhibited 10 and 20 ug/mL arsenic trioxide-induced cytotoxicity of HepG2 cells by 79.3 and 57.5%, respectively. The extract at concentration of 200 ug/mL inhibited 0.2 and 0.5 mM t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity of HepG2 cells by 66.3 and 35.7%, respectively. Antioxidative effects of the extract were examined via measurement of ABTS, superoxide, and peroxyl radical scavenging activities. ABTS radical scavenging activity of the extract was higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Superoxide scavenging activity of the extract was higher than that of catechin. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity of the extract was higher than that of ascorbic acid. Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity of the extract was higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. The extract at concentrations of 100 and $500{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited 10 mM t-BHP-induced lipid peroxidation of HepG2 cells by 38.2 and 80.7%, respectively. The extract prevented supercoiled DNA strand breakage induced by hydroxyl or peroxyl radical. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract at concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$ were 71.3 nmol/mL gallic acid and 18.8 nmol/mL catechin equivalents, respectively. Thus, strong cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of A. tegmentosum stem extract seem to be due to, at least in part, the prevention from free radicals-induced oxidation as well as high levels in polyphenolic contents.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.205-213
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of organic solvents on xenobiotic metabollzing enzyme system in vivo by meaas of experimental conditions i.e. (1) single group which was treated by benzene (B), toluene (T) and xylene (X), respectively, (2) combination group which was treated by mixture of benzene+toluene (BT), benzene+xylene (BX), and toluene+xylene (TX), respectively, (3) mixture group which was treated by benzene+ toluene+xylene mixture (M), and to interpreat the interaction between the organic solvents metabolizing enzymes. 1. The contents of cytochrome P-450 in liver microsomes were increased (p < 0.01) in organic solvents treated groups, and the contents of cytochrome P-450 were increased by following order of B < T < M < BT=BX < X < TX. 2. The activity of cytochrome P-450 dependent AHHase was significantly higher in organic solvents treated groups than in control group (p < 0.01), and the activity of AHHase was increased by following order of B < T < BT=BX=TX=xylene < M. 3. The activity of NADPH P-450 reductase was significantly higher in organic solvents treated groups than in control group (p < 0.01), and the order of M < combinated group < X < T

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.64-64
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• 2001

Escherichia coli has developed soxRS regulon to defend against toxicity of superoxide radical. SoxR, superoxide sensor, is oxidized by superoxide-generating agents or nitric oxide and oxidized SoxR activates the transcription of soxS gene. In order to find out the trans-acting factors regulating SoxR activity in vivo, soxS：：lacZ single copy operon fusion construct was prepared and random Tn10 insertional mutatons were performed.(omitted)

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.421-423
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• 2002

Phellinus linteus mycelia have many pharmacological effects, although their pharmacological efficacy principles have not been known yet. In the course of screening for biological activity of the extracts of Phellinus linteus mycelia, we found strong antioxidative activity in some fraction of water-insoluble. Therefore, we tried to isolate the active principle(s) from the extract. The isolation of the active compound was guided by superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. As a result, caffeic acid was isolated as an active compound. The IC$\_$50/ of the compound was 3.05 $\mu$g/ml (16.9$\mu$M).

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.295-301
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• 2008

In this study, the antioxidant activities of red pepper seed kimchi extracts were examined. The extracts were evaluated by various antioxidant assays that included determinations of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power. All the kimchi extracts showed strong antioxidant activities by the tested methods. The 7% red pepper seed kimchi that was fermented for 6 days possessed the highest activity according to the performed tests. Yet, the highest scavenging activity was exhibited against nitrite, by extracts from kimchi for 0 day of fermentation rather than 6 days. All the activities for the kimchi fermented for 0 day with the addition of 7% red pepper seed increased markedly with an increase in concentration. With the exception of metal chelating and SOD activities, for the antioxidant properties assayed, the red pepper seed kimchi extracts were found to be highly effective.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.412-417
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• 2009

In the course of screening for antioxidant compounds by measuring the radical scavenging effect on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl), a total extract of the twigs of Vitex rotundifolia (Verbenaceae) was found to show potent antioxidant activity. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract led to the isolation of three iridoid compounds, 10-O-vanilloylaucubin (1), 10-O-p-hydroxybenzoylaucubin (2) and aucubin (3), two C-glycoside flavones, vitexin (4) and orientin (5), and a quinic acid derivative, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic studies. Among them, compounds 5 and 6 showed the significant antioxidative effects on DPPH free radical scavenging test. In riboflavin-NBT-light and xanthine-NBT-xanthine oxidase systems, compounds 5 and 6 exhibited the formation of the blue formazan in a dose-dependent manner. Compounds 5 and 6 showed better superoxide quenching activities than vitamin C.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2017

This study aimed to assess the antioxidative potential of adding ethanolic extracts from Ulmus davidiana to Yackwa (Korean fried cookie). The reducing power and antioxidant activity of U. davidiana-treated Yackwa were assessed against DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide anions, superoxide dismutase, and ABTS radicals. Increasing the amount of U. davidiana extract in Yackwa dough resulted in improved antioxidant properties. U. davidiana extracts were effective antioxidants with a radical scavenging potency similar to the potency of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and L-ascorbic acid. The DPPH and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity of Yackwa containing 0.2% U. davidiana resulted in increased oxidative stability relative to control dough. Although the antioxidant effects of Yackwa containing U. davidiana extract were lower than those of Yackwa containing BHT and L-ascorbic acid, these results suggest that U. davidiana extracts have potent antioxidant activity. Accordingly, U. davidiana extract is a potential additive for deep-fried foods, such as Yackwa, to improve their oxidative stability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.567-573
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• 2005

This study aims to evaluate the antioxidative activities of cow-milk kefir and goat-milk kefir. Antioxidative mechanisms, including radical-scavenging effects, ferrous-ion chelating ability, reducing power and antioxidant activity, were investigated herein. Kefirs demonstrated significantly greater scavenging effects upon 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals, an inhibition effect upon linoleic-acid peroxidation, and more substantial reducing power, but reduced glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity than was the case for milks. There was no significant difference between milks and kefirs as regards ferrous-ion chelating ability and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These findings have demonstrated that kefirs possess antioxidant activity, thereby suggesting that kefirs are potential candidates for the role of useful natural antioxidant supplements for the human diet.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 1990

The present study examined the alterations in endogenous oxy-radical scaverging system of pancreatic tissue associated with the dose of 45 mg/kg steptozotocin (STZ) alone or with various combinations. The activities of pancreatic Min-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were no apparent changes in the other groups except for the Cu(II) 4 mg/kg pretreated group. The presence of 4 mg/kg of Cu(II) with or without 125 mg /kg of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) markedly attenuated the fall in activity of Cu, Zn-Sod by STZ stress. In particular, STZ-induced superoxide generation was dramatically abolished by prior administration of Cu(II) 4 mg/kg. Conculsively, We suggested the possible involvement that copper may enhance the defence mechanism of pancreatic oxidative damage by STZ challenge.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 2010

Hovenia dulcis Thunb fruits were successively extracted with hot water, water, methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. The crude extracts were investigated for potential antioxidant by measuring scavenging against DPPH free radicals, reducing power, superoxide radicals, and protection of protein damage and cultured cells from a lethal dose of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$). In all chemical assays used, the hot water extract of H. dulcis fruits, which contained $61.14{\pm}2.57$ (Tannic acid mg/g extract, n=3) of total phenolic compounds contents exhibited highest activity in in vitro models of DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay, superoxide radical scavenging activity and protection of protein damage. In addition, the hot water extract protected cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages from a lethal dose of $H_2O_2$ and reduced reactive oxygen species level in RAW 264.7 cells.