• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.205-209
• /
• 2005

Studies for the commercial production of sesame oil using th supercriticl carbon dioxide were made. Characteristics of sesame oil containing one of natural antioxidant 'sesamol', which only exist at sesame seed were also studied during the supercritical fluid extraction. Among the various factors influencing the sesamol contents in the sesame oil, the roasting time and temperature were checked, because sesamol can be converted from sesamol in through pyrolysis. We found that the sesamol content was increased rapidly under the condition of roasting temperature over $200^{\circ}C$ with longer roasting time. The sesamol content was increased as the temperature and pressure increased, which was caused by increase of solubility of sesamol against sesamol oil. And the sesamol content was increased also with lower speed of supercritical fluid, which increased the contact time with the raw material. The sesamol content was also increased using water increase up to $1\%$ as the entrainer. When the extraction performance with the supercritical fluid was compared to the conventional compressed extraction, the sesamol content was increased up to 11.5 times with the entrainer.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.174-178
• /
• 2007

The aim of this study was to identifyisothiocyanates (ITCs) from wasabi (Wasabi japonica Matsum) using supercritical carbon dioxide ($SCO_2$) and to compare the composition in the extracts between $SCO_2$ and organic solvents extraction. A semi-continuous high pressure apparatus was used to extract wasabi (roots, stems and leaves) at following conditions pressure 80$\sim$120 bar, temperature $40\sim50^{\circ}C$. Ether, ethanol, chloroform and dichloromethane were used as organic solvents. The ITCs extracted by means of both separation technologies were analyzed by a gas chromatography system. As the results of study, AITC and ITCs were highly extracted at 40$^{\circ}C$ and 80 bar. To extract AITC from wasabi, $SCO_2$ extraction is more effective than organic solvents extraction, resulted in thermal degeneration and remaining of organic solvents.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.100-106
• /
• 1996

The extraction of taxol and baccatin III from the ground needles of Taxus cuspidata were carried out by using supercritical carbon dioxide with and without cosolvents such as ethylacetate and methanol at 300 bar and 313K. Taxol is a promising anticancer agent and baccatin III is a precursor of semisysthesis of taxol. The taxol and baccatin III contents in the extracts were determined by a HPLC. The highest yields of taxol and baccatin III could be obtained by the supercritical extraction with 3wt% methanol and ethylacetate, respectively, as cosolvents. It was also found that the selectivity of taxol and baccatin III were 0.117 and 1.245wt%, respectively, with 0.7wt% ethylacetate, which demonstrated that the selectivity of taxol and baccatin III were increased about 1.8 and 19 times than those of conventional organic solvent extraction.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.490-494
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to examine some factors affecting the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of genistein from soybean. The factors investigated in this study were pressure, temperature, flow rate of carbon dioxide, and concentration of modifier. It was foumd out that genistein is not extracted in the absence of modifier. Ethanol was found to be more effective modifier than methanol. 70% of genistein was extracted at 35$^{\circ}C$, 300bar and ethanol 15% (w/v) as compared with the performances of organic solvent extraction.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.19-23
• /
• 2003

The optimum extraction condition of pungent component from Zanthoxylum piperitum D.C pericarps by using supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) was investigated. The optimum condition of SFE was $300kg/cm^2$ of pressure, $60\;^{\circ}C$ of extraction temperature, 80% of $CO_2$ fluid, 20% of modifier(methanol) volume and 20 min of extraction time. The extraction efficiency between the classical solvent extraction method and SFE was studied. About 40% of extraction efficiency was improved when SFE was applied.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.155-161
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to remove paraffin wax binder effectively from powder injection molded part using supercritical fluids in powder injection molding process. For a thin powder injection molded part about 1-2 mm thickness, paraffin wax binder can be removed rapidly without any defect by traditional supercritical extraction process which has fixed high temperature and pressure condition. But, for a thick powder injection molded part, there are limitations in removing paraffin wax binder by the fixed high process condition because crack occurs at the beginning step. Therefore, here we studied variable condition debinding process that starts with mild process condition at the beginning step and then increase the process conditions simultaneously at each step. To find out the initial process condition that has the highest extraction yield without any defect for each sample thickness, we investigated various supercritical debinding conditions using 1-4 mm thickness ceramic injection molded sample. By using the variable condition debinding process that starts with the initial process condition at the first step and then increasing process conditions simultaneously at each step (temperature from 333.15 to 343.15 K, pressure from 12 to 27 MPa, and $CO_2$ flow rate from 1.5 to 10 L/min), over 95% of paraffin wax binder was removed from the 4 mm thick (10 mm diameter) ceramic injection molded disk samples within 5 hours.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.615-621
• /
• 2009

In order to optimize the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) conditions of volatile components from the strawberry, we conducted an evaluation of the sample preparation and SFE operating conditions. The analysis of the volatile components extracted by a variety of sample preparation protocols led to the identification of 30, 26, 30, and 34 volatile components in fresh, freeze-dried, 30% celite and 70% celite treatments, respectively. The 70% celite treatment was the most effective in extracting the volatile components from strawberry via SFE. Analysis of the volatile components extracted by a variety of SFE operating conditions yielded identifications of 34, 35, 34, and 35 volatile components at 3,000 psi (40, $50^{\circ}C$) and 6,000 psi (40, $50^{\circ}C$), respectively. The extraction yield of alcohols and acids, and the total volatile component contents, were highest under conditions of 3,000 psi and $55^{\circ}C$. Volatile components from the strawberry were extracted via SFE, simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE), and solvent extraction (SE). The analysis of the volatile components extracted via different extraction methods resulted in the identification of 56, 34, and 32 volatile components in the SDE, SFE, and SE extracts, respectively. The total volatile component contents identified in the SDE, SFE, and SE extracts were $20.268{\pm}1.144$, $21.627{\pm}1.215$ and $2.476{\pm}0.177\;mg/kg$, respectively. The SFE extract evidenced higher contents of sweet flavors such as 2-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, and hexanoic acid than the SDE and SE extracts. SFE proved to be the most appropriate method for the extraction of fresh volatile components from the strawberry.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.649-656
• /
• 2006

The proposed head-space supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) methodology as an alternative to an existing conventional procedure was explored for the determination of organochlorine compounds in aqueous matrix. In this study, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were utilized as target analytes. To enhance the recovery efficiency, the factors such as the $CO _2$ density, the extraction time, and the extraction mode were investigated. Furthermore, the analytical procedures and the results obtained were compared with those provided by the conventional method (the U.S. EPA method 8080). Under the optimized conditions, i.e., a combination of static with dynamic SFE mode at 2,000 psi and 40 ${^{\circ}C}$, the head-space SFE methodology gave equivalent or better to the conventional method in recovery efficiencies with clear advantages such as simple sample treatment and fast analysis time as well as reduced solvent and reagent consumption.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2019

Lifetime of Si photovoltaics modules are about 25 years and a large amount of waste modules are expected to be discharged in the near future. Therefore, the extraction and collection of valuable metals out of discharged Si modules will be one of the important technologies. In this study, we demonstrated that supercritical $CO_2$ extraction method can be effectively used to remove Cu, one of the abundant elements in the module, as well as its oxide form, $Cu_2O$. Especially, we proved that the addition of hexane as co-solvent is effective for the removal of both materials. The optimal ratio of $CO_2$ and hexane was 4:1 at a fixed temperature and pressure of $250^{\circ}C$ and 250 bar, respectively. In addition, it was proven that the removal of $Cu_2O$ was preceded via reduction of $Cu_2O$ to Cu.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.275-282
• /
• 2019

In this study, the extraction of Conger myriaster oil by using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) and organic solvent was investigated. The extraction conditions conducted for SC-CO₂ varied for pressure (25, 30 MPa) and temperature (45, 55 ℃), while the SC-CO₂ flow rate was kept constant during the experiment (27 g min^-1) and hexane was used as a conventional organic solvent. The extraction yield indicated that the best extraction condition would be SC-CO₂ at 55 ℃ and 30 MPa, resulting in the highest yield of 37.73 ± 0.14%. The oils were characterized for their fatty acid (FAs) composition using gas chromatography, while it was revealed that the major FAs were mystric acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, electroosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The oxidation stability of the extracted C. myriaster oil was evaluated by measuring the acid value, peroxide value, and free fatty acid. The best oxidative stability was obtained from SC-CO₂ extracted oil at 30 MPa and 55 ℃. There was a significant difference in the color properties of the SC-CO₂ and hexane extracted oils, with the SC-CO₂ extracted oil showing better chromaticity than the oil extracted using hexane. Extracting oils from C. myriaster with SC-CO₂ could bring better economic benefits than using organic solvents. When supercritical carbon dioxide was used, there was no post-treatment process; thus, it was confirmed that this is a more environmentally friendly oil extraction method.