• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2011

20% of total energy use to sustain temperature of building inside. In this reasons, researchers effort to improve the thermal insulation capacity with new wall system. Using appropriate materials and consisting new wall system should considered in energy saving design. OSB(Oriented strand board), Larch lining board used to consist wall system. $2{\sim}6$ Larch lining board has tongue & groove shape for preventing moisture. Comparing with gypsum board and green timber lining board as interior sheathing material, temperature difference of Green timber wall system was bigger than temperature difference of gypsum board wall system. This aspects indicate that Green timber wall system was revealed higher thermal insulation property than gypsum board wall system. Gypsum board portion transfer heat easily because temperature difference gradient of gypsum board wall system was smaller than OSB wall system. Total temperature variation shape of G-4-S and G-6-S show similar model but, temperature variation shape in green timber wall portion assume a new aspect. The purpose of this study was that possibility of thermal insulation variation and new composition of wall system identify to improve thermal insulation performance. In the temperature case, this study shows possibility of improving thermal insulation performance. Humidity, sunshine and wind etc. should considered to determine building adiabatic properties.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.815-824
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the meteorological characteristics of wintertime high PM10 concentration episodes in Busan. $PM_{10}$ concentration has been reduced for the past four years and recorded near or exceeded 100 ${\mu}g/m^3$ (national standard of $PM_{10}$). High concentration episodes in Busan were 6 case, $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ ratio was 0.36~0.39(mean 0.55). High $PM_{10}$ concentration occurred during higher air temperature, more solar radiation and sunshine, lower relative humidity, and smaller cloud amount. Synoptically, it also occurred when Busan was in the center or the edge of anticyclone and when sea breeze intruded. An analysis of upper air sounding showed that high $PM_{10}$ concentration occurred when surface inversion layer and upper subsidence inversion layer existed, and when boundary layer depth and vertical mixing coefficient were low. An analysis of backward trajectory of air mass showed that high $PM_{10}$ concentration was largely affected by long range transport considering that it occurs when air mass is intruded from China.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyze the historical and environmental background of the straight-line-shaped plan emerged in northeast region of China during the Qing dynasty. This raper is mainly based on the writings in Yeon-haeng-rok. The results are summarized as follows: First the necessity of a lot of sunshine due to the cold climate in that region made the people select the plan that rooms to be added side by side. Second, it was not necessary to build the house with non-straight-line-shaped plan due to the reason that the northeast region of China is so vast and the size of the house lot was not limited. Third, the condition of family income somewhat affect the shape of plan to be straight-line-shaped, which is much economical to construct a house than other shape of plan. Fourth, the way of living of the people in that region during the Qing dynasty made the house plan straight-line-shaped which is convenient to sit either on the floor or on the chair within a room. Fifth, straight-line-shaped plan became an adequate means to represent the hierarchy of the use of inner space of a house and eventually became an architectural norm of this region.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2004

The $18^{th}$ century's Industrial Revolution brought about influx of commerce, industry, and agricultural population into the urban areas, entering the $19^{th}$ century. Quality of rural communities declined, and the exploding population in the cities gave rise to various problems. 'Mietskaserne' Blockhousing was constructed by the 'Hobrechtplan', but led to social problems such as poor living conditions, insufficient sunshine due to overcrowding, slums due to incomplete urban infrastructure, epidemics, and so on. Starting in the early $20^{th}$ century, Berlin has driven forward a remodeling plan under the motto of 'critical reconstruction (kritische Rekonstruktion)'. It is performed in the place, which represents the vicissitudinous history of Berlin with site plans coexisting past with presence, using modern vocabulary of architectural forms. Reconstructing a city is a process which not only raises the economic value of each building consisting a city, but also a redevelopment process that brings out cultural value of an era. When a new era emerges buildings get reconstructed or rebuilt, and thereby form the identity of a city by reflecting its society, culture, politics, economy, and history. Old German architecture were not destroyed or rebuilt recklessly just by the fact that they are functionally or aesthetically outdated. Each building is treated as precious cultural heritage reflecting the history. This is how Berlin is being transformed today.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 1981

The alignment of propulsion shaft systems by the fair curve method has been developed over the past twenty years and in recent years its basic problems have been almost solved. At the present time, studies on introducing actual conditions are being undertaken. In a fair curve alignment, its aim is to achieve a stable shaft system which will be relatively insensitive to misalignment or the influence of external factors such as thermal variations due to the sunshine, speed change, etc. The key point of fair curve alignment is the calculations of reactions in the straight support and reaction influence numbers. The present authors have developed those calculating method by the matrix method of the three-moment theorem. The fair curve alignment is based on the analysis of propulsion shaft system which is assumed as a continous beam on multiple support points. The propeller shaft is divided into several elements. For each element, the nodal point equation is derived by the three-moment theorem. Reaction of supporting points of straight shaft and reaction influence numbers are calculated by the matrix calculation of each nodal point equation. It has been found that results of calculation for the model shaft agree well with those of experiment which had been measured by the strain gauge method. Results of calculation for the actual propulsion shafting of the steam turbine had been compared also with those of Det norske Vertas.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.397-406
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• 2013

With the methodology of AHP, this paper focuses on communication activities and their constituents in city parks, selecting 11 constituents, natural or artificial, and establishes an evaluation model on the basis of the analysis of the characteristics of tourists' communication activities in order to obtain the weight and order of importance of the constituents of communication activities space. First-grade indicators influence weight and the order of the constituents of communication activities space are: artificial constituents (0.6614) > natural constituents (0.3386). The weight and order of five secondary indicators attached to natural constituents: private space (0.1538) > shade tree (0.0955) > gentle slope mound (0.0474) > beautiful waterscape (0.0270) > sunshine lawn (0.0149); the weight and order of six secondary indicators attached to artificial constituents: field boundary (0.2865) > Leisure chairs (0.1843) > resting areas (0.0795) > appropriate square (0.0533) > tree-lined road (0.0352) > landscape sketch (0.0227).Using modern decision analysis methodology to research the relationship of environment constituent elements has great theoretical and practical significance for the scientific design and construction of suitable environment for human needs.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 1993

7개 재배지역산 참당귀의 decursin 함량변이를 조사하였으며, 각 재배지의 기상요인들과의 상관분석을 통하여 기상환경이 당귀 근의 decursin 함량에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 수행된 실험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 참당귀 근의 유효성분인 decursin과 decursinol angelate의 정량은 순상컬럼을 사용한 HPLC법이나 GC법이 양호하였다. 2. 참당귀 뿌리의 decursin 함량은 봉화산 4. 86%, 영천산 4.75%이며 수원산은 2.33%로 재배지역에 따른 함량변이가 비교적 컸다. 3. 생육기간별 각 기상요인들과 decursin 함량과의 상관분석 결과 통계적 유의상관은 보이지 않았으나, 평균기온과 강수량은 대체적으로 부의 상관을 보였으며 일교차, 일사량, 일조시수등은 정의 상관을 나타냈다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.641-646
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• 2009

This study examines the effects of water shortage on agricultural wages in Northwest Bangladesh. For this study, meteorological data including information on the monthly temperature, precipitation, wind speed, hour of sunshine and humidity of six weather stations have been utilized during the monitoring period from 1985 to 2005. With the objective to analyze water surplus and water deficiency, a simple soil-water balance model and the modified Penman formula were applied to the Northwest Bangladesh. The seasonality of Mann-Kendell trend statistics has been used to identify the spatial variation of water surplus and deficiency throughout the region. For micro level verification of the result, a detailed field survey has been conducted within the study area. The results showed that the values of the potential evapotranspiration estimated by the modified Penmen equation were negative for certain periods. In this instance, the water deficiency of the district of Rajshahi was observed significantly in the period of pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. The field study also verified that because of such deficiency in water, the agricultural scenario of the area was widely influenced which lead to less agricultural production and less economic benefits.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1320-1321
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• 2011

According to the advance that solar power plants go into the desert, power plants are getting greater capacity. The desert is unspoiled resources and it is well suited to build a solar power plant, because of abundant solar radiation and long sunshine duration. but existing PV modules have several weaknesses and don't generate lower the rated power, because it wasn't designed to produce in extreme environments like a desert climate. The one of the weaknesses of PV modules is that the characteristics of the temperature of the Encapsulants(EVA sheet) are not good in a desert climate, because the EVA sheet is melt at high temperature. In this study, a decrease phenomenon of the transmittance depending on the melting point of the Encapsulant(PV module using EVA sheet : $75^{\circ}C$ PV module using PVB film : $110^{\circ}C$) is suggested, it would be the one of the important factors to achieve rated output of the PV modules in high temperature climate regions.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 계통과 원활히 동작할 수 있는 계통 연계형 태양광 발전시스템에 대한 특성을 해석하고 이론을 바탕으로 제작된 실 시스템을 적용$.$운용시 시스템의 운전특성 및 발전량을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과로서 구조적인 문제점과 관리적인 문제점을 도출하고, 이러한 문제점에 대한 대책으로서 설치될 장소의 장기적인 일사량 측정 데이터수집을 동하여 최적의 일사량을 얻을 수 있는 지역설정과 최적의 설치형태를 설계함으로서 발전효율을 높일 수 있다. 또한, 운영시스템 및 모니터링 관리가 현행의 OS시스템으로서는 해결이 불가능한것을 전용의 OS개발과 데이터 백업 시스템을 구축함으로서 실 시스템 운용상의 문제점을 해결할 수 있었다.