• Korean Membrane Journal
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2009

The sulfonated poly(styrene-divinylbenzene-acrylonitrile) (ST-DVB-AN) composite polymer electrolyte membrane based on the original PVC film was successfully synthesized to improve oxidative stability using semi-interpenetrated polymer network (semi-IPN). Weight gain ratio after copolymerization was enhanced by the DVB and AN contents, and the sulfonated membranes were characterized in terms of proton conductivity (k), ion exchange capacity (IEC), and water uptake ($W_U$). The effect of DVB content and AN addition were thoroughly investigated by comparing the resulted properties including oxidative stability. The obtained ST-DVB-AN composited semi-IPN membranes showed relatively high proton conductivity and IEC compared with Nafion117, and greatly improved oxidative stability of the synthesized membrane was obtained. This study demonstrated that a semi-interpenetrated sulfonated ST-DVB-AN composited membrane reinforced by PVC polymer network is a promising candidate as an inexpensive polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell applications.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.246-251
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• 2017

To fabricate a hydrocarbon polymer electrolyte composite membrane incorporated with Pt nanoparticle, the polymer electrolyte membrane made of a sulfonated-fluorinated hydrophilic-hydrophobic block copolymer (SFBC) and sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) blend in the wight ratio of 1 : 1 was synthesized, and a simple drying process was used in order to incorporate Pt nanoparticle into the SFBC/SPEEK film by reducing platinum (II) bis (acetylacetonate), Pt $(acac)_2$. The distribution of the Pt nanoparticles was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and mechanical and thermal properties were tested by universal testing machine (UTM) and thermogravimetry analyzer (TGA). Cation conductivity, ion exchange capacity (IEC) and I-V characteristics were estimated.

• 공업화학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.205-208
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• 2008

저가인 aromatic elastomer polymer인 polySEBS와 PS의 방향족 작용기에 술폰기를 도입시킴으로써 sulfonated polySEBS과 sulfonated PS를 얻었다. 이 술폰화된 고분자를 활용하여 고분자 전해질 연료전지의 이온 교환막으로 사용될 수 있는 새로운 sulfonated polySEBS/sulfonated PS blending films를 제조하였다. 이 필름들의 수소이온 전도도는 sulfonated polySEBS와 sulfonated PS의 혼합비에 따라 $10^{-2}{\sim}10^{-3}S/cm$로 다양하게 나타났다. 특히, sulfonated polySEBS 10.0 g에 sulfonated PS를 0.5 g 첨가하여 제조한 film이 0.75 meq/g의 이온교환용량 및 25%의 함수율과 함께 가장 우수한 0.07 S/cm의 이온전도도를 나타냈다.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2016

Polymer electrolyte membrane for unitized regenerative fuel cells requires high proton conductivity, high dimensional stability, low permeability, and low cost. However, DuPont's Nafion which is a commercial polymer electrolyte membrane has high permeability, high cost, and decreasing proton conductivity and dimensional stability over $80^{\circ}C$. To address these problems, sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (sPEEK) which is a low cost hydrocarbon polymer is selected as matrix polymer for the preparation of polymer electrolyte membrane. In addition, composite membrane with improved proton conductivity and dimensional stability is prepared by introducing sulfonated graphene oxide (sGO). The fundamental properties of polymer electrolyte membranes are analyzed by investigating membrane's water content, dimensional stability, proton conductivity, and morphology. The cell test is conducted to consider the possibility of application of sPEEK/sGO composite membrane for an unitized regenerative fuel cell.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2008년도 춘계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.162-162
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• 2008

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.2141-2142
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• 2010

• 전기화학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2007

A new characterization method using a porous plug model was proposed to determine the degree of sulfonation (DS) of ionomer binder with respect to the membrane used in membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) and to analyze the fraction of proton pathways through ionomer-catalyst combined electrodes in MEAs for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) was prepared to use a polymeric electrolyte and laboratory-made SPEEK solution (5wt.%, DMAc based) was added to catalyst slurry to form catalyst layers. In case of the SPEEK-based MEAs in this study, DS of ionomer binder for catalyst layers should be the same or higher than that of the SPEEK membrane used in the MEAs. The porous plug model suggested that most of protons were via the ionomer binder (${\sim}92.5%$) bridging the catalyst surface to the polymeric electrolyte, compared with the pathways through the alternative between the interstitial water on the surface of ionomer binder or catalyst and the ionomer binder (${\sim}7.3%$) and through only the interstitial water on the surface of ionomer or catalyst (${\sim}0.2%$) in the electrode of the MEA comprising of the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membrane and the 5wt.% SPEEK ionomer binder. As a result, it was believed that the majority of proton at both electrodeds moves through ionomer binder until reaching to electrolyte membrane. The porous plug model of the electrodes of MEAs reemphasized the importance of well-optimized structure of ionomer binder and catalyst for fuel cells.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.185-185
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• 2006

The performances of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) and direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) membrane are reported. Pt/C was coated on the membrane directly to fabricate a MEA for PEMFC operation. A single cell test was carried out using $H_2/air$ gases as fuel and oxidant. A current density of $730\;mA/cm^2$ at 0.60 V was obtained at $70^{\circ}C$. Pt-Ru (anode) and Pt (cathode) were coated on the membrane for DMFC operations. It produced $83\;mW/cm^2$ of maximum power density. The sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) membrane was also used for DFAFC operation under several different conditions. It showed good cell performances for several different kinds of polymer electrolyte fuel cell applications.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.729-733
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• 2009

Solution casting films of sulfonated poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-r-butylene)-b-styrene] copolymer (sSEBS)-based composite membranes that contained different amounts of organic, nanorod-shaped polyrotaxane were annealed at various temperatures for 1 h. The films' properties were characterized with respect to their use as polymer electrolyte membranes in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Different aspect ratios of polyrotaxane were prepared using the inclusion-complex reaction between $\alpha$-cyclodextrin and poly(ethylene glycol). The presence of the organic polyrotaxane inside the membrane changed the morphology during the membrane preparation and reduced the transport of methanol. The conductivity and methanol permeability of the composite membranes decreased with increasing polyrotaxane content, while the annealing temperature increased. All of the sSEBS-based, polyrotaxane composite membranes annealed at $140^{\circ}C$ showed a higher selectivity parameter, suggesting their potential usage for DMFCs.

• 멤브레인
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.427-441
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• 2022

고분자 전해질 막 연료전지(polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, PEMFC)의 핵심 구성요소 중 하나인 고분자 전해질 막(polymer electrolyte membrane, PEM)은 수소이온을 애노드(anode)에서 캐소드(cathode)로 이동시키는 전해질의 역할 및 연료의 투과를 막는 분리막으로서의 역할을 수행하며 PEMFC의 성능 및 효율을 결정짓는 핵심 소재이다. 현재 나피온 (Nafion^®)으로 대표되는 과불소화계 전해질 막이 높은 수소이온 전도도 및 화학적 안정성으로 인해 상용화 되었지만, 높은 생산비용과 구동 시 환경오염 물질이 배출된다는 문제점을 갖고 있다. 이를 대체할 PEM 소재로써 고분자의 구조 조절 및 개질 과정이 용이한 다양한 종류의 탄화수소계 고분자가 제시되고 있지만, 실제 PEMFC에 적용되기 위해서는 성능 및 내구 특성을 개선해야 하는 과제가 남아있다. 이에 본 총설은 탄화수소계 PEM의 성능 및 내구 특성을 향상시키기 위해 1) 가교 구조를 도입한 가교 막 개발, 2) 무기 첨가제 도입을 통한 유⋅무기 복합 막 개발 및 3) 다공성 지지체를 활용한 강화 복합막을 개발하는 연구에 대해 살펴보고자 한다.