• Journal of Species Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.287-300
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• 2021

Three new species of Myzomolgus are described as associates of sipunculans from a tidal flat in Phuket, Thailand. As diagnostic features, Myzomolgus leptocercosus n. sp. has elongate caudal rami which are 10.7 times longer than wide, 5 setae and a conical process on the first antennular segment, an armature formula 1, 0, 1+sucker, and 6 of antenna, and an inner coxal seta on all swimming legs. Myzomolgus spatulatus n. sp. lacks a rostrum, but bears 4 setae and a spatulate process on the first antennular segment, an armature formula 0, 0, 2+sucker, and 6 of the antenna, the inner coxal seta on legs 1-3, and 5 armture elements on the third endopodal segment of legs 1-3. Myzomolgus cucullatus n. sp. has short caudal rami which are 1.60 times longer than wide, a broad, hood-like tergite of fouth pedigerous somite, 4 setae only on the first antennular segment, the armature formula 0. 0. 2+sucker, and 6 of the antenna, and no iiner coxal seta on the swimming legs.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.399-407
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• 2010

On the inner side of each operculum of the crucian carp, Carassius auratus (n=10), the leech, Limnotrachelobdella sinensis of 1-4 individuals were parasitic. The leeches had approximately 41.0 mm in total length and 11 mm in width. These body was composed with anterior sucker, neck, trunk and posterior sucker and average length was 2.3 mm, 7.2 mm, 23.3 mm and 8.7 mm respectively. To both sides of the trunk lateral vesicle of 11 pair existed. When observed by SEM, anterior sucker was hemisphere shape and the mouth where proboscis comes out existed with the its center. Proboscis was connected the esophagus directly. Under light microscopy, bloodsucking gill of C. auratus showed lamella fusion, hypertrophy the epithelial cell of the filament and lamella, increased mucocytes and congested capillaries. On the other hand, necrotic and hydropic degeneration epithelial cell of the lamella, and infiltration of the macrophages from some individuals were suggested the secondary infection with the bacteria or virus after bloodsucking activity of the leech.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.704-709
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to establish the system of mass propagation through tissue culture using sucker and stem in Ramie. The sterilization for tissue culture of Ramie was the better treatment of 2% NaClO for 20 minute into ultrasonic cleaner than the others, and so rate of contamination was 3.3%, and it was able to produce 96% healthy plant. The effect of growth regulator was superior to mixed treatment of 0.02mg/$\ell$ NAA, 1.5mg/$\ell$ BA, 0.lmgmg/$\ell$ GA$_3$, which it was not formed callus and but produced 96% healthy plant. The effect of propagation was higher in culturing of the stem node than the sucker in cultural part, local variety than improved ones. The effect of acclimatization was superior to pretreatment of 30 minute after soaking in 100ppm NAA, transplanting on bed soil which mixed to ratio of vermiculite : soil : sand =1 : 2 : 1, the transplanted plants were grown all normal.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.461-467
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• 2019

Avian trematodes, Urogonimus turdi (Digenea: Leucochloridiidae), were collected from the intestine of wild birds, Zoothera aurea, 2013-2017 in the Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea. The body was ellipsoidal, attenuated and/or round ends, 1,987-2,120 long and $819-831{\mu}m$ wide. The oral sucker was subterminal, rounded anteriorly, and $308-425{\times}351-432{\mu}m$ in size; the prepharynx and esophagus were almost lacking; pharynx was well-developed, $142-179{\times}78-170{\mu}m$ in size; intestine narrow, bifurcating just after pharynx, ascending to the oral sucker before looping posteriorly and terminating near the posterior end; ventral sucker larger, in almost median, $536-673{\times}447-605{\mu}m$ and approximately 1.5 times larger than oral sucker. A phylogenetic tree constructed with 18S ribosomal RNA showed inter- and intraspecific relationships. Based on these morphological and molecular findings, we report here a U. turdi from White's thrushes in Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 1994

Surface ultrastructure of Pawctrema timonnauini developmental stages was studied using a scanning electron microscope. The metacercariae were collected from the marine clam, Topes phiLippinam and juvenile and adult worms were recovered at 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after experimental infection of mice. The metacercariae had a large oral sucker and characteristic lateral projections. Around the lip of the oral sucker many type I and type II sensory papillae were observed, and type III papillae were located symmetrically on the medial side of the lateral projection. Numerous type I papillae were grouped around the genital pore. The tegumental spines were distributed over the worm surface except the lip of the suckers and genital pore. The 1-day old worm had a well-developed ventral sucker, with 6 type II sensory papillae on its outer surface and another 6 type I papillae on the inner side. Two small type I papillae were seen on the anterior side of the ventral sucker. The genital pore was small and opened separately from the ventral sucker and 15 type I papillae were grouped around it. The 2-, 3-. and 7-day worms revealed that as they grew to be adults, the spine tips became multipointed, the genital pore formed a genital atrium, and the cytoplasmic process became well differentiated. In 2- and 3-day worms 10 type II papillae encircling the lip of the oral sucker, and additional 4 papillae at the dorsal side of 4 dorsal type II papillae were a characteristic feature. The distribution pattern of sensory papillae around the oral sucker and genital pore, and 2 type I papillae on the anterior side of the ventral sucker, was so peculiar in R timonnnuini, that they seem to be useful keys for taxonomic differentiation from other gymnophallids.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.71-74
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• 2010

A trematode species belonging to the genus Prosthogonimus (family: Prosthogonimidae) was collected in August, 2004 from the bursa of Fabricius of a single Little Grebe, Tachybaptus ruficollis, caught in Chuncheon, Korea. Five specimens were collected in total and fluke morphology was examined under using a light microscope. The average parasite size was 5.6 ${\times}$ 3.2 mm (length ${\times}$ width; based on 4 specimens). The genital pore was located on the anterior right margin of the oral sucker. The cirrus sac was strongly sinuous and extended beyond the intestinal bifurcation to the ventral sucker. The prepharynx was extremely short and the pharynx was small. The vitellaria consisted of 6 follicle bunches and extended from the ventral sucker to the posterior of the testes. Finally, the uterus filled the body cavity posterior to the testes. In addition, there were no heavy slings occurred anterior to the testes. Based on these morphological characteristics, the parasites were identified as P. cuneatus. The discovery of P. cuneatus within a Little Grebe constitutes a new host identification and a new geographical record. This is the first reported case of Prosthogonimus infection within wild birds in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.338-342
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: Two Field tests were conducted at Buan and Yangpyung in 2012 and 2013 to confirm controlling effect of mulberry popcorn disease and mulberry Sucker pests which are becoming serious in mass cultivation area of eco-friendly farming mulberry. METHODS AND RESULTS: As the treatments, 4 Natural products and 3 microbials were applied and 4 mulching materials were used. On the prevent effect of mulberry popcorn disease(Sclerotinia shiraiana) by using mulching materials, nonwoven fabric mulching showed worse effect than non-mulched treatment plot. Moreover, rice straw mulching showed significantly worse effect compare to nonwoven fabric and herb mulching treatments. Natural plant extracts and microbials showed 40~65% control value in 2013, which is little bit worse than 2012 results. On the control effect of mulberry Sucker(Amomoneura mori), organic products which combined with neem, sophora and derris showed excellent result as similar control level of Thiophanate-methyl. It means the chemical products can be replaced with organic product. CONCLUSION(S): According to the 2 years studied results, integrate eco-friendly farming measures are recommended for control of mulberry popcorn disease, because any single method is seemed not sufficient enough. However, natural plant extracts mixture is recommended as a product to control of mulberry Sucker.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 2000

Five kinds of sensory cells, called A1-, A2-, B-, C-, and D-type cell, respectively, are observed in the epithelial tissue of suker's infundibulum of Cephalopoda, Octopus minor. The A1-type cells lie side by with the B-type cell in the epithelium of sucker's infundibulum. In the A1-type, the nucleus shapes irregularly and the karyolymph appears dark due to its high electron density. The cytoplasm is filled with many vacuoles of various sizes ($0.04\sim0.4{\mu}m$ in diameter), which move to the apical portion of the cell to be secreted via glycocalyx. The A2-type cells are mainly found at the basal portion of the epithelium. The shape of its nucleus is similar to that in the A1-type cell, and the cytoplasm, filiform or in reticular form, shows high electron density. The B-type cell contains an ovoid nucleus and the cytoplasm where lots of vacuoles which resemble the endoplasmic reticulum and electron-dense round granules of various sizes $(0.25\sim0.6{\mu}m)$ are found. The vacuoles and granules are secreted into the free surface via glycocalyx. The C- and D-type cells in simple or stratified layer are observed at the folded portion of the sucker's epithelium. The C-type cell contains a low electron-dense elliptical nucleus, while the D-type cell has an irregular nucleus where beterochromatin is well developed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 1992

The surface ultrastructure of Heterephyes nocens (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) was studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), The adult worms were recovered from experimentally infected cats and from a naturally infected patient. They were leaf-like, ventrally concave, and ovoid or lyriform in shape. Ciliated knob-like sensory papillae (type I) were observed in single or grouped forms on and around the oral sucker, whereas non-ciliated round swellings (type II papillae) were seen on the lip of the ventral sucker, The tegumental spines around the oral sucker were 5∼9 pointed, whereas those between the two suckers were 12∼17 pointed. yentrolaterally, three groups of 5∼6 type I papillae were located between the oral and ventral suckers, with single ones alternating between them. The genital sucker was protruded or depressed, depending on the contraction state of the nukes, and the gonotyl spine number ranged 50∼60. The number of tip points of tegumental spines was decreased posteriorly; finally they became 1∼3 pointed. On the dorsal surface, 4 groups of 4∼5 type I papillae were symmetrically located on both lateral sides, and the shape and distribution of tegumental spines were similar to those of the ventral surface. Although the tegumental ultrastructure of H. nocens was generally similar to those of other heterophyids, the genital sucker morphology including the number of gonotyl spines and/or the distribution pattern of tegumental spines and sensory papillae were suggested to be the characteristic features of H. necens.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2008

This study was carried out to induce plant regeneration via multiple shoot formation from sucker explants of Rubus fruticosus L. ${\times}$ R. parvifolius L. To induce adventitious shoots, the sucker explants were sterilized in 1.2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution, and then were cultured on the full and 1/2 MS solid medium supplemented with BA (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$). After 4 weeks of culture, the highest frequency (83.3%) of shoot formation from sucker explants was obtained from the full MS medium with $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ BA. The highest shoot number (3.7) per explant was obtained from the full MS medium with $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ BA. After 12 weeks of culture, the number of shoots (15.4) per explant was increased. The highest frequency (95%) of root formation was obtained from the 1/2 MS medium, when the explant with shoot were cultured on the full, 1/2 and 1/4 MS medium. The survival rate of the plantlets after transfer to plastic pots containing sand, soil, and vermiculite (1.1:1, vol.) was 95%. The results indicate that multiple shoot procedure can be applied for an efficient mass propagation of Rubus fruticosus L. ${\times}$ R. parvifolius L.