• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.2113-2116
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• 2010

Management of indoor air quality of underground subway station is an important issue. The air handling unit (AHU) installed in the underground subway station is the main facility determining the air quality of station. Especially for removing particulate matters, it is important to operate the appropriate air filter. However, there is no quantitative test method for existing air filter in site. It is rarely known that the collection efficiency of air filter can satisfy the designed criteria or not. In this study, we set the reference method using the mini-volume air sampler inside the AHU to evaluate the collection efficiency of different types of air filters. In addition, we applied the portable instrument based on the light-scattering method to the efficiency test. The method we applied in this study can be used in the evaluation of air filter in site.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1984-1989
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• 2008

In this study, fire simulations were performed to analyze the characteristics of the fire driven flow and the effects of the platform screen door on the smoke flow in the station, when the fire occurred in the center of the platform. Soongsil Univ. station (line number 7, 47m in depth underground) was chosen which was the one of the deepest underground subway stations in the Seoul metro, SMRT. The parallel computational method was employed to compute the heat and mass transfer eqn's with 6 CPUs of the linux clustering machine. The fire driven flow was simulated with using FDS code in which LES method was applied. The Heat release rate was 10MW and The Ultrafast model was applied for the growing model of the fire source. The 10,000,000 structured grids were used.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.509-514
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• 2010

A numerical simulation of passenger evacuation in a subway station was performed by coupling the passenger flow analysis and the fire simulation. The algorithm of the passenger flow analysis was based on a DEM (Discrete Element Method) using the potential map of the direction vector for each passenger. This algorithm was improved in the present study as to use finer grid smaller than a passenger in order to resolve detailed geometry of the station and to resolve the behavior of passengers in the bottleneck at the ticket gate considering the collision of passengers to a wall or with other passengers. In the fire simulation, the CO distribution predicted by using CFD was used to take into account the effect of toxic gases on the passengers' mobility. The methodology proposed in the present study could be used in designing safer subway station in case of fire occurrence.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.380-387
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• 2016

Considering that the Seoul subway sector is expected to see extension of lines, addition of stations, and changes of operating companies, a review is needed to identify ways to eliminate or minimize financial deficits in its operation. As for deficits from the operation, additional businesses for extra income have been suggested as alternatives, but inasmuch as Western urban development (that of the subway containment area) may not be applicable to Korean settings, a practical alternative is to maximize income by efficient use of rental facilities that are located inside station properties. This alternative requires the estimation of appropriate facility size and rent for each station; few, however, have addressed this topic. At this juncture, this study aimed to draw an equation for estimating the sizes and rents of station properties by reflecting characteristics of lines and locations; a case study was performed for Subway Lines 5 and 6. Analytical findings are that rental facility sizes and rental incomes are affected mainly by the subway ridership and transport revenues, whereas the influence of ground-level commercial activity is relatively weak. A particularly great influence was found to be the value of apartment housing in areas through which the subway lines run. Stations on Line 5, which runs through areas of high-value housing, were assigned smaller facility sizes and higher rents than those on Line 6, which covers areas with relatively low housing value. The equation suggested in this study would make possible more practical feasibility studies when the need arises to estimate sales of new or extended facilities affiliated with stations.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.303-316
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• 2024

Seismic records are composed of mainshock and a series of aftershocks which often result in the incremental damage to underground structures and bring great challenges to the rescue of post-disaster and the repair of post-earthquake. In this paper, the repetition method was used to construct the mainshock-aftershocks sequence which was used as the input ground motion for the analysis of dynamic time history. Based on the Daikai station, the two-dimensional finite element model of soil-station was established to explore the failure process of station under different seismic precautionary intensities, and the concept of incremental damage of station was introduced to quantitatively analyze the damage condition of structure under the action of mainshock and two aftershocks. An arc rubber bearing was proposed for the shock absorption. With the arc rubber bearing, the mode of the traditional column end connection was changed from "fixed connection" to "hinged joint", and the ductility of the structure was significantly improved. The results show that the damage condition of the subway station is closely related to the magnitude of the mainshock. When the magnitude of the mainshock is low, the incremental damage to the structure caused by the subsequent aftershocks is little. When the magnitude of the mainshock is high, the subsequent aftershocks will cause serious incremental damage to the structure, and may even lead to the collapse of the station. The arc rubber bearing can reduce the damage to the station. The results can offer a reference for the seismic design of subway stations under the action of mainshock-aftershocks.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.62-69
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• 2003

The smoke control system in subway platform is not only using for smoke exhaust facility but also using ventilation system. For this reason, smoke vent effectiveness is depending on its position, ventilating volume capacity and the vent method. In this study, the passenger's evacuation time was calculated for the case of fire on sloped subway train vehicle in subway platform. In order to recommend the mechanical smoke exhaust operation mode, SES (Subway Environmental Simulation) was used to predict the airflow of the inlet and outlet tunnel for the subway station. Fire dynamics Simulator(FDS) was used the SES's velocity boundary conditions to calculate the smoke density and temperature under the condition of fire on stopped subway train vehicle at the platform. We compared smoke density and temperature distributions for each 6 types of smoke exhaust systems to clarify the characteristics of smoke and hot air exhaust effectiveness from the result of fire simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1095-1096
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1868-1872
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• 2010

The LED illuminator has merits that it has low power consumption, long life and emits low Co2 gas. As it has many merits in comparison with existing illuminator it is a realistic alternative. but its possession in illuminator market shows slow increasement unexpectedly. Because its price is very high only low power consumption can not keep pace with economical efficiency. In this paper I analyzed economical efficiency about LED illuminator when it is applied at subway station.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1145-1150
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• 2008

In this paper, We studied efficient design of wireless transmission system for unified data transmission in a subway and railway. It is increased that need of broadband multimedia service to make useful environment for user and to support the operation of railway system. High bandwidth is better if we need more services. But, high bandwidth requires more cost at tunnel of subway. More bandwidth make receive sensitivity to bad. So it need more wireless Station. We deduced best bandwidth of subway wireless transmission system reflecting the cost of installation and efficiency of system. Consequently, we decide efficient service model of broadband wireless system at a subway. Subway broadband wireless transmission system is tested in this year, and it is to be extended to province subway. Cost of subway broadband wireless transmission system is saved, because the system can be efficiently designed. Therefore, the effectiveness is expected to be very big.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 1999

This study was performed to survey the $SO_2$ level at several underground spaces connected to 5 subway stations (City Hall, Nam, Seoul stations, Hye Hwa and Ulchiro 1 Ga) in Seoul. The period of survey was from July to November, 1997.The results of the study were as follows; 1. The mean concentration of $SO_2$ was $0.057{\pm}0.015ppm$ in all subway stations. The highest $SO_2$ level among the five stations was $0.067{\pm}0.011 ppm$ at City Hall (P<0.01), and the highest with $0.071{\pm}0.013ppm$ at November (P<0.01).2. In underground shopping centers, the mean concentration of $SO_2$ was $0.112{\pm}0.059ppm$. 3. The mean concentration of $SO_2$ at evening with 0.057 pp and morning with 0.053 ppm were significantly higher than at noon with 0.043 ppm(P<0.05). 4. The $SO_2$ level of floor at Kang Nam station with 0.044 ppm was significantly higher than that of platform with 0.37 ppm(P<0.01). 5. For the City Hall stations, the line #1 and line #2 subway spaces show significantly different level of $SO_2$, 0.042ppm and 0.033 ppm respectively (P<0.05).