• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.93-100
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to propose the measurement system implementation method for the evaluation and measurement of the indoor-impulsive over 170 dB noise source. For the purpose of measuring impulse noise, design and implementation constructed followed subsystems of the testing center, microphone, ear simulator, head and torso simulator and so on. Measurement systems for the accuracy and reliability of impulse noise are implemented when measuring 3 ways of measurements method by the simultaneous measurement system design. For the accuracy and reliability of three mutually indoor-impulse noise measurements were compared, three kinds of measuring methods in accordance with the peak sound pressure level and octave band. Comparing the results of data, the indoor-impulse noise by analyzing a frequency characteristic was validated in difference for the statistical significance. Result are determined by the influence of the reflected wave. Therefore, the flexible size of the interior test site while interior impulse noise measurement system was constructed. Throughout this system can be affected by parameters that are the impulse noise source and the corresponding frequency-characteristic analysis to determine the spectrum of the reflected wave. And, in the near future, indoor impulse noise measurement systems for acquisition and analysis are utilized in useful data.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.49-61
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• 1979

A review of this literature and discussions reveal a development of ideas concerning the elements of nursing models. The elements of a nursing model are the nurses view of the human being, nursing's goal, and nursing activities. It has long been recognized that human beings, at one time or another, require nursing care. Varieties of literature were reviewed in regard to the human being as recipient of nursing care through the theory development in nursing. Florence Nightingale initiated the modern era of nursing and described more clearly man as the recipient of nursing care. She looked at man as responding to the laws of nature whether the person was healthy or sick. Henderson added to Nightingale's concept of man , the recipient of nursing care by emphasizing that man is a whole, complete, and independent being. Her view is further specified by her enumeration of the activities the human being must perform. Johnson has developed a very comprehensive view of man as the recipient of nursing care. Man is a behavioral system which has a tendency to achieve and maintain stability in patterns of functioning. Like Nightingale, Johnson sees that similar patterns occur in both health and illness. Johnson postulates that the whole behavioral system of the human is composed of eight sub-systems: affiliative, achievement, aggressive, dependency, eliminative, ingestive, restorative, sexual. Roger's main contribution to the development of nursing models was her emphasis upon unitary man. She pointed out that man is a unified whole, possessing his own integrity and manifesting characteristics that“are more than and different from the sum of his parts.”Rogers focuses on the life processes of the human and points out that these processes have the following characteristics. Wholeness, openness, unidirectionality, pattern and organization, sentence, and thought. According to Roy, man is a biopsychosocial being in constant interaction with a changing environment. To cope with this changing environment, man has certain innate and acquired mechanisms. Man's ability to respond positively or to adapt, depends upon the degree of the change taking place and the state of the person coping with the change. When she analyzes man as an adaptive organism she further describes man as being composed of four adaptive modes: physiological needs, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. Based on the literary review through the theory development in nursing, general approach by a unified nursing model to a view of the recipient of nursing care may be stated as follows: Man is a unified whole composed of subsystems with a flexible and normal line of defense; his internal regulating mechanisms help him to cope with a changing environment; he functions by the principles of homeodynamics.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.49-59
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• 2012

KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) has developed an SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging) system since 2008. The name of the development program is ARGO (Accurate Ranging system for Geodetic Observation). ARGO has a wide range of applications in the satellite precise orbit determination and space geodesy research using SLR with mm-level accuracy. ARGO-M (Mobile, bistatic 10 cm transmitting/40 cm receiving telescopes) and ARGO-F (Fixed stationary, about 1 m transmitting/receiving integrated telescope) SLR systems development will be completed by 2014. In 2011, ARGO-M system integration was completed. At present ARGO-M is in the course of system calibration, functionality, and performance tests. It consists of six subsystems, OPS (Optics System), TMS (Tracking Mount System), OES (Opto-Electronic System), CDS (Container-Dome System), LAS (Laser System) and AOS (ARGO Operation System). In this paper, ARGO-M system structure and integration status are introduced and described.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 1998

In this study a computerized prototype system was developed with Safety Management Information System(SMIS version 1.0) as a main system and database as subsystems to handle information. Safety management information consists of management aspects and technical elements, but SMIS consists of 4 modules of technical elements to interrelate safety technologies closely. SMIS enables gas industries to manage process safety information effectively and to evaluate hazards. The results from SMIS can be used to the operation manual and the emergency plan. Data base consists of 3 modules of accident data, material data, and equipment data to support SMIS. Also, the case study results proved the usefulness of SMIS for searching and accumulating process safety data. Especially, MIS which has the database suggests a formal structure for scattered raw safety data in gas industries and brings reduction of man power and time.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2010

In the field of healthcare, the conventional sterilization treatments have been replaced by irradiation methods which are in accordance with internationally well established quality standards. The quality control in radiation sterilization assures that the absorbed dose of the irradiated material is in agreement with its requirements and standards. The electron beam irradiation requires technical assessments of more process parameters than gamma irradiation does. Korea has witnessed wide uses of electron accelerators since early 2000 but there hasn't been research experiences relating to quality system in accordance with international standards. The new large scale e-beam irradiation system with the specification of 10 MeV, 8 kW was installed and operated in 2008 by Seoul Radiology Services Co. It consists of the electron accelerator, product handling system, safety, documentation and control subsystems into an integrated system to meet the requirement of the Good Manufacturing Practice such as process quality assurance and management of product tracking records. To implement the international standard such as EN ISO11137, it is necessary to understand the purposes aimed in the standard and carry out the tests following the procedures required. This study presented the specification of the e-beam facility and showed what its design requirements and features are. The test results on a variety of process parameters were presented and validated it they are within the required limits.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.36-48
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• 2008

Variable Message Signs(VMS) is one of the important subsystems of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), which is useful for providing drivers with real-time information on traffic, roadway or weather conditions. In order to maximize the effectiveness of the VMS system, it is required to reflect drivers's preference on designing and operating the system. In this context, this study was conducted to develop strategies to deliver the messages in an efficient manner while many other previous studies focused primarily on the contents of the messages, from drivers's perspectives. Drivers's preference on message expression formats and message display orders were investigated through image analysis in the perspectives of a total of 40 subjects. With respect to message expression formats, drivers preferred Gulim or Dodum in font style, middle arrangement of the letters, pictogram combination as opposed to letters only, blank time less than 0.5 sec, appearing message in animation effect, messages in single phase, non-flashing message. In the matter of message display orders, drivers preferred to obtain link or traffic information in the lust place. Then, they desired to be informed of roadway condition and instructions or recommendations for drivers to cope with unexpected events among various messages for traffic condition.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.5-33
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• 2016

This study investigates the current features of social service provision system focusing on the core institutional traits of the system and community environment. Specifically, the study analyzes the differences in the contents and characteristics of social service provision, according to the community types, such as metropolitan area, medium size cities, and rural area. Also, the study explores the relationships among the three major subsystems in the social service provision system based on the types of financial provisions. Furthermore, the interaction effects between the community factors and financial traits on the relationships among sub- components in the service provision system are investigated. In this study other organizations, service users and public sector are regarded as three major sub-components in the provision system. The study utilizes the raw data from '2015 Social Service Demand and Provision Survey', which interviewed 4,100 social service organizations. Results from analyses show that the gap among metropolitan area, medium cites, and rural area is not so much bigger in the diverse provision features(e.g. the competition level, the major focus on the users, and policy demands on public sector) of provider-provision-organizations than in those of both of user-provision-organization and of market-way-organizations. User-provision organizations show the distinct differences in terms of the focus points on the users, while marketed organizations do in terms of the policy demands to the public sector. In rural area, user-provision organizations act like provider-provision-organizations whereas they do market-way-organizations in the urban area. Research findings show that the social service provision types utilizing market mechanism(such as user-provision, and market-way) are not so well fit into the characteristics of rural area.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.41-56
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• 2019

Cloud manufacturing is a new concept of manufacturing process that works like a single factory with connected multiple factories. The cloud manufacturing system is a kind of large-scale CPS that produces products through the collaboration of distributed manufacturing facilities based on technologies such as cloud computing, IoT, and virtualization. It utilizes diverse and distributed facilities based on centralized information systems, which allows flexible composition user-centric and service-oriented large-scale systems. However, the cloud manufacturing system is composed of a large number of highly heterogeneous subsystems. It has difficulties in interconnection, data exchange, information processing, and system verification for system construction. In this paper, we derive the user requirements of various aspects of the cloud manufacturing system, such as functional, human, trustworthiness, timing, data and composition, based on the CPS Framework, which is the analysis methodology for CPS. Next, by analyzing the user requirements we define the system requirements including scalability, composability, interactivity, dependability, timing, interoperability and intelligence. We map the defined CPS system requirements to the requirements of oneM2M, which is the platform standard for IoT, so that the support of the system requirements at the level of the IoT platform is verified through Mobius, which is the implementation of oneM2M standard. Analyzing the verification result, finally, we propose a large-scale cloud manufacturing platform based on oneM2M that can meet the cloud manufacturing requirements to support the overall features of the Cloud Manufacturing CPS with dependability.