• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.235-255
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• 2014

Social Network Service (SNS) with emergence of Web 2.0 have been developed rapidly. Unlike other games, social network game is based on the relationship with smart devices and studied for user-centered behavior as a potential factor derived from the Technical Acceptance Model (TAM). This research is conducted for finding out influencing factors on continuous intention for smart device users. Therefore, the independent variables consist of subjective norm, mobility, playfulness, self-efficacy, and ease of use. The intermediate variables also compose of flow, and user satisfaction and the dependent variables as continuous intention. The result of study shows the following: First, subjective norm, playfulness, self-efficacy and ease of use except mobility have the positive effect on user flow. Second, subjective norm, mobility, playfulness and ease of use except self-efficacy have significantly the positive effect on user satisfaction. Finally, user flow has significantly the positive effect on user satisfaction and continuance intention and a factor of user satisfaction have significantly the positive effect on continuance intention.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.7-14
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• 2016

This study explored how peers influence on adolescents' game over-indulgence. More specifically, it was examined the effects of emotional support, subjective norm of game use, peer stress, and friends' attitude toward gaming on game over-indulgence. Results showed that the higher level of subjective norm of game use and peer stress one received the higher level of game over-indulgence one reported. However, lower emotional support caused higher game over-indulgence. Meanwhile, friends' attitude toward gaming was not significantly related to game over-indulgence. The meaning and the importance of peer in terms of game over-indulgence and limitations of the study were discussed.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.225-251
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• 2015

This paper analyzed factors for employees to violate information security policy in financial companies based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA), general deterrence theory (GDT), and information security awareness and moderating effects of perceived sensitivity of customer information. Using the 376 samples that were collected through both online and offline surveys, statistical tests were performed. We found that the perceived severity of sanction and information security policy support to information policy violation attitude and subjective norm but the perceived certainty of sanction and general information security awareness support to only subjective norm. Also, the moderating effects of perceived sensitivity of customer information against information policy violation attitude and subjective norm were supported. Academic implications of this study are expected to be the basis for future research on information security policy violations of financial companies; Employees' perceived sanctions and information security policy awareness have an impact on the subjective norm significantly. Practical implications are that it can provide a guide to establish information security management strategies for information security compliance; when implementing information security awareness training for employees to deter violations by emphasizing the sensitivity of customer information, a company should make their employees recognize that the customer information is very sensitive data.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.47-58
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• 2019

This study applied the Theory of Reasoned Action by Fishbein & Ajzen(1975) as the grounded theory and adopt sanctions of the General Deterrent Theory and protection motivation of the Protection Motivation Theory as the antecedents to discuss the theoretical factors and the cases of application in the field of information security. Then, it adopted subjective norm, a variable of the Theory of Reasoned Action, as a parameter to analyze the causality of sanctions, perceived vulnerability, response cost, and self-efficacy with the intention to follow the information security policies. As a result, all of the antecedents except for sanctions had causality with the intention and subjective norm proved its mediating effect as a parameter between the antecedents and the intention.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing prevention behaviors for particulate matter exposure in young adults. Methods: A convenience sample of 330 young adults was recruited from the community. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results: The factors affecting prevention behaviors of particulate matter exposure were self-efficacy (β=.54 p<.001), subjective norm (β=.18, p<.001) and using the air purifier (β=.-17, p<.001). These variables had a 46% variance to explain prevention behaviors for particulate matter exposure. Conclusion: Findings showed that 'self-efficacy' and 'subjective norm' were important factors influencing prevention behaviors of particulate matter exposure in young adults. Thus, we need to consider the positive impact of prevention behaviors of particulate matter exposure and increase the chances of prevention behaviors of particulate matter exposure program for young adults.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.83-96
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the factors (Credibility, Usability) and user Innovativeness of the ChatGPT on TRA (Theory of Reasoned Action; Subjective Norm, Attitude) and Switching Intention. TRA and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) were used. Research design, data and methodology: From April 26 to 27, 2023, an online panel survey agency was commissioned to conduct a survey of GhatGPT users in their 20s and 40s in Korea, and a total of 210 people were used for the final analysis. Verification of the research model was performed using SPSS and AMOS. Results: First, ChatGPT factors (Credibility, Usability) were found to have positive effects on TRA (Subjective Norm, Attitude). Second, ChatGPT user Innovativeness was found to have a positive effect on TRA (Subjective Norm, Attitude). Third, ChatGPT users' TRA (Subjective Norm, Attitude) were found to have positive effects on Switching Intention. Conclusions: These results mean that the superior Usability and Credibility of ChatGPT and the Innovativeness of users have a significant effect on the Switching Intention from existing Portal Service (Naver, Google, Daum, etc.) to ChatGPT. Generative AI such as ChatGPT should strive to develop various services such as improving the convenience of functions so that innovative users can use them easily and conveniently in order to provide services that meet expectations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.130-139
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• 2016

This study is intended to investigate what impact consumption value and subjective norm by consumers with regard to the social commerce for the foodservice to affect on the behavior of consumers. The result were as follows: first consumption value and subjective norm has positive effect on perceived usefulness, except for monetary value. Second, consumption value have positive effect on perceived ease of use, except for emotional value and subjective norm. Third, perceived ease of use has positive effects on usefulness. The last, perceived ease of use and usefulness has positive effects on reuse intention. It is to be hoped that this study provides foodservice social commerce service practitioners with guideline for establishing methodical strategies.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.191-215
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• 1998

This descriptive correlational study was done to identify ICU nurses' intention to use restraints and related factors using Ajzen and Madden(1986)'s Theory of Planned Behavior. Self-reported questionnaires were used to measure intention and related factors. The subjects of this study were 287 ICU nurses in 21 general hospitals with at least 200 beds at Taegu, Pusan and Kyungbuk area in Korea. The results of this study were : 1. There were significant differences in intention according to age and marnital status, attitude according to educastion(with indirect measure), subjective norm according to career in ICU(with both measures), perceived behavioral control according to age and career in ICU(with direct measure), and knowledge according to education and position. 2. There were significant correlations among intention and all factors. Intention was correlated with attitude(r=.2119), subjective norm(r=.1112), and perceived behavioral control(r=.3448) with direct measure. Attitude was correlated with subjective norm(r=.2530), perceived behavioral control(r=.3005), and knowledge(r=.1388) with direct measure. Subjective norm was correlated with perceived behavioral control(r=.1321) with direct measure. Intention was correlated with attitude(r=.1496) and perceived behavioral control(r=.2922) with indirect measure. Attitude was correlated with subjectivenorm(r=.2829) and knowledge(r=-.1390) with indirect measure. Also, subjective norm was correlated with perceived behavioral control(r=.2363) with indirect measure. 3. ICU nurses' intention to use restraints was explained 16.7% by perceived behavioral control, attitude with direct measure, control belief, and age. By this study, it was foundr that ICU nurses reported high level of intention to use restraints. The most important predictor of intention to use restraints was perceived behavioral control toward using restrains, which reflected the easiness and difficulty in the use of restraints.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2015

The purposes of this study are to examine the predictability of variables related to SNS intention to use in collaborative learning and provide some new implications. Based on Technology Readiness and Acceptance Model (TRAM), we hypothesized that optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, insecurity as personal disposition variables, subjective norm as a social variable, and perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use as cognitive variables would predict SNS intention to use. For this study, 274 'Share Leadership' students in E university completed surveys and it was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The results of this study showed as follows. First, optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and subjective norm predicted perceived ease of use. Second, optimism, insecurity, subjective norm and perceived ease of use predicted perceived usefulness. Third, subjective norm, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness predicted SNS intention to use. From this, it is revealed that positive technology readiness predict much more than negative technology readiness do and the role of teacher and peers is very important.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.195-204
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was to determine how attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were related to parents' intentions to vaccinate their sons in elementary school against human papillomavirus (HPV), applying the updated theory of planned behavior. Two hypotheses were examined: PBC would moderate the relationship of attitude to intention and subjective norm to intention, respectively. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 231 participants recruited in November, 2018. Inclusion criteria for the participants were parents with 5th-6th grade boys in elementary schools. The moderation effects of the hypotheses were analyzed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results: PBC significantly moderated the relationship of attitude to intention on HPV vaccination. The simple effect of attitude to intention was significant under three different levels of the PBC (low, moderate, and high), but the magnitudes of the relationships were not homogeneous. The magnitude of the relationship between attitude and intention was the lowest for the parents with the low level of the PBC. In the relationship of subjective norm to intention on HPV vaccination, the moderating effect of the PBC was not supported. Subjective norm and PBC directly predicted the intention on HPV vaccination. Conclusion: In order to promote the parents' intentions to vaccinate their sons in elementary school against HPV, we need a program that can improve parents' attitude, subjective norm, and PBC, requiring special attention to the parents with the low PBC.