• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.177-186
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to contribute to the development of clinical instruction by students ratings of teaching effectiveness in clinical education. The instrument used in this study was teaching effectiveness of clinical nursing by Yu and modified evaluation method by Kern and Mickelson. The results were are follows 1. Among the 12 categorial components of clinical teaching effectiveness, the highest satisfaction was 'encouraging to think for themselves' and the lowest was 'attitude of teacher and evaluation' 2. To compare teaching effectiveness between sex, 'resource for student' and 'professional competence' showed statistical significance. 3. To compare teaching effectiveness among clinical practice stage, 'encouraging' 'role model', 'professional competence', 'organization of subject mater' and 'attitude of teacher and evaluation' showed statistical significance. 5. Interrater ICCs for evaluation method did not showed statistical significance and interitem ICCs showed statistical significance. This article presents goal of clinical education, development of clinical instructor's educational program and a standardized method to measure clinical performance.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.692-695
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• 1997

Nonlinear robust attitude controller for 3-axis stabilized spacecraft is designed. Robust stability analysis for nonlinear spacecraft system with disturbance is conducted. External disturbances and parametric uncertainties decrease Spacecraft's attitude pointing accuracy. Sliding Mode Control(SMC) provides stability of system in the face of these disturbances and uncertainties. The concept of quadratic boundedness and quadratic stability are applied to the robust analysis for the nonlinear spacecraft system subject to bounded disturbance torques. Numerical simulation is conducted to compare the analysis result and actual nonlinear simulation. The simulation show that analysis result is valid.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.16 no.27
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• pp.73-82
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• 1993

In this paper, We determine the expected travel time for several forks Storage/Retrieval machine which is allowed multiple stops in aisle. When throughput is increased, We propose adding to fork number of each S/R machine rather than adding to number of S/R machine, We also describe such a model which determines the optimal number of each several forks S/R machine subject to constraints on the hourly throughput and warehouse dimensions. Numerical example is presented to compare warehouse shapes against each single fork, twin forks, triple forks S/R machine for various throughput values.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.975-982
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• 2003

In this paper we considered the problem of estimating the bivariate survival distribution of the random vector (X, Y) when Y may be subject to random censoring but X is always uncensored. Adapting conditional Koziol-Green model, simplified estimator for bivariate survival function is proposed. We perform simulation to compare the proposed estimator with popular estimators and discussed the performance of it.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.43-46
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• 2016

This article will compare the following visual categories: visual angle, distinguishable details, sensitivity, and dynamic range. These categories are often considered within the subject of the maximum deviation from the camera eye, an issue which has generated much controversy. Other characteristics such as depth of field, three-dimensional vision, white balance and color, are not considered in this article.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 1994

Heller and Simonoff(1990) compared several methods of estimating the regression coefficient in a modified proportional hazards model, when the response variable is subject to censoring. We give another method of estimating the parameters in the model which also allows the dependent variable to be censored and the error distribution to be unspecified. The proposed method differs from that of Miller(1976) and that of Buckely and James(1979). We also obtain the variance estimator of the coefficient estimator and compare that with the Buckely-James Variance estimator studied by Hillis(1993).

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.147-159
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• 2014

Recently, the quantity of information that is accessible from the Internet is being dramatically increased. Searching the Web for useful information has therefore become increasingly difficult. Thus, much research has been done on web robots which perform internet information filtering based on user interest. If a web site which users want to visit is found, its content is searched by following the searching list or Web sites links in order. This search process takes a long time according as the number of page or site increases so that its performance need to be improved. In order to minimize unnecessary search with web robots, this paper proposes an efficient information collection system based on compare and merge method. In the proposed system, a web robot initially collects information from web sites which users register. From the next visit to the web sites, the web robot compares what it collected with what the web sites have currently. If they are different, the web robot updates what it collected. Only updated web page information is classified according to subject and provided to users so that users can access the updated information quickly.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.690-700
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• 2022

This study aimed to compare academic passion for science pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) between pre-service and in-service elementary teachers. In addition, a comparison between passion for science subject matter knowledge and passion for science pedagogical knowledge was made for each group of teachers. Participants comprised 182 students from colleges of education and 161 in-service teachers. We analyzed between- and within-subject comparisons for each component of academic passion for science PCK. The results of this study are as follows: First, between-subject comparison demonstrated that, in academic passion for science subject matter knowledge, in-service teachers had a higher passion for "liking" and "importance" than pre-service teachers, whereas pre-service teachers had a higher passion for "time/energy investment" than in-service teachers. In academic passion for science pedagogical knowledge, pre-service teachers had a higher passion for "time/energy investment" than in-service teachers. Second, the within-subject comparison showed that only "harmonious passion" was higher for science pedagogical knowledge than science subject matter knowledge in pre-service teachers. However, "liking", "importance", "time/energy investment", and "obsessive passion" were higher for science subject matter knowledge than science pedagogical knowledge in in-service teachers. The educational implications are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.257-268
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the Z-track intramuscular injection technique with the effect of the stand and intramuscular injection technique on the severity of discomfort and leasions at the injection site. The subjects of the study were 20 patients with only early tuber culosis excluding another abnormalities (a akin rash, allergy to topical use of alcohol, jaundice, edema, neurosensory abnormality, coagulation defects, obesity and thin). Data collection was done from Feb. 1 to March 15, 1988 by means of Korean Pain Measurement Tool, Visual Analogue Scale, and Objective measures of injection site lesions. The results of this study were as follows ; 1) Hypothesis 1 ; “The severity of subject discomfort is less following administration of the Z-track intramuscular injection technique than following administra tion injection technique.” was not sopported 2) Hypothesis 2 ; “The degress of severity subject discomfort is less following administration of the Z-track intramuscular injection technique than following administra tion of the standard intramuscular injection technique.” was not supported. 3) Hypothesis 3 ; “The severity of injection site lesions is less following administra tion of the Z-track intramuscular injection technique than following administration of the standard intramuscular injection techniques.” was not supported. 4) The terms that were selected included factor II (mild-moderate pain) of Ratio Scale Measuring Pain using Korean Pain Terms. In conclusion ; it was found that there was not a difference from the severity of subject discomfort between two groups, but the degress of severity of subject discomfort about following administration of the Z-t-rack intramuscular injection was tended to be declined. Therefore further studies suggest that the Z-track intramuscular injection technique can decrease the severity of discomfort in persons receiving frequently intramuscular injections. First of all, it is necessery to be developed an effective tool of discomfort measurement for the intramuscular injection in Korean.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.461-472
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• 1994

The main purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of FIPS as an assessment tool for pain in children. The subject were 81 children whose ages ranged from 3 to 14 years old who were experiencing pain from an intramuscular injection. 40 were being seen in a local primary hospital and 41 in a university hospital. The data were collected in two settings at a 6 month interval, the first was on Nov. 5th 1991 in a local clinic by one doctor, the second was on May 1st. 1992 in a university hospital by two nurse. McGrath's(1985) face interval cards and weight box scale which is a numeral scale that contains from one to five boxes of cards were used as measures. To analyze the subject's ability to use the face scale and weight box scale, statistical frequency was employed. To determine the difference in the rated pain in-tensity on the face interval scale and the weight box, Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test were employed. To compare the difference in the rated pain intensity of the face interval scale and the weight box scale according to subject's general characteristics, X²-test was employed. The findings were as follows : 1. The subject's ages were from 3 to 14 with a mean age of 8.3 years old. There were 54(66.7%) male children and 27(33.3%) female children. 2. The number of subjects who correctly displayed cards ranging from none to severe pain was 66(81.5%) and the number who correctly compared two cards 3 times was 73(90.l％). 3. Correlation coefficients between each level card of the FIPS and WBS (Weight Box Scale) were r=.52∼.80 P<0.01. 4. There was no statistical difference in rating of the intensity on the FIPS and WBS.(t=1.12∼l.02, P<0.22∼0.45). 5. The differences in rating pain intensity according to the children's general characteristics were re-lated to age(X²=8.94, P<0.05), but not to sex (X²=0.23, P=0.80).