• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.673-685
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 목회자 사모가 지각한 심리적 안녕감과 영적 안녕감과의 관계에서 회복탄력성과 사회적 지지의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 목회자 사모 236명을 대상으로 심리적 안녕감, 영적 안녕감, 사회적 지지, 회복탄력성 척도를 실시하고 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 관련 요인들의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 모든 요인들이 정적인 관계를 나타냈다. 특히 회복탄력성은 심리적 안녕감과 .82, 영적 안녕감과는 .63의 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 둘째, 목회자 사모의 심리적 안녕감과 영적 안녕감과의 관계에서 사회적 지지는 매개 효과는 없었고 회복탄력성은 부분매개효과를 나타냈다. 특히 심리적 안녕감이 영적 안녕감에 미치는 영향은 회복탄력성이 매개할 때의 총효과가 더 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 회복탄력성의 하위요인들이 영적 안녕감에 주는 영향을 분석한 결과 자기조절 능력, 대인관계 능력, 긍정성 요인들이 대부분 유의미한 영향을 주었으며 긍정성이 가장 높은 영향을 끼쳤다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 목회자 사모의 영적 안녕 향상을 위한 교육적 시사점과 후속연구에 대한 제언을 논의하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.398-409
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• 2020

본 연구는 어머니의 양육방식 및 양육스트레스가 영아의 기본생활습관에 미치는 영향력을 분석하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 영아와 그들의 부모 155명이다. 기술통계, 상관관계분석, 중다회귀분석으로 자료를 분석하였다. 그 결과 어머니의 온정·격려, 한계설정 양육방식은 기본생활습관에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있지만 과보호·허용, 거부·방임 양육방식은 기본생활습관 형성에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 어머니의 양육스트레스는 수면습관과 식습관에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 어머니의 양육변인인 양육방식과 양육스트레스가 영아기 기본생활습관에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 영아기 사회화 및 사회적 발달과 관련된 기초자료를 제시하는데 의의를 갖는다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2903-2908
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• 2012

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is associated with disruption of basement membranes of blood vessels and promotion of metastasis through the lymphatics. However, its prognostic value for survival in patients with gastric cancer remains controversial. Method: We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of the published literature in order to clarify the impact of MMP-9. Clinical studies were selected for further analysis if they provided an independent assessment of MMP-9 in gastric cancer and reported analysis of survival data according to MMP-9 expression. Results: A total of 11 studies, covering 1700 patients, were included for meta-analysis. A summary hazard ratio (HR) of all studies and sub-group hazard ratios were calculated. The combined HR suggested that a positive MMP-9 expression had an impact on overall survival: 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.11-1.40) in all eligible studies; 1.13 (1.06-1.20) in 8 studies detecting MMP-9 by immunohistochemistry; 1.36 (1.12-1.65) in 7 studies from Asia. Only one study for DFS showed a significant impact on disease free survival (HR 1.73, 95%CI 1.27-2.34). Conclusions: Our findings suggested that MMP-9 protein expression might be a factor for a poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. However, the association was rather weak, so that more prospective studies should further explore the prognostic impact of MMP-9 mRNA and correlations between MMP-9 and clinicopathological characteristics.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.309-318
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• 2013

This study was conducted for determining the influence of artificial structures on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in stream. Sampling was taken at upper(pool), down(riffle) and control(riffle) from two check dams, two weirs, one agricultural reservoir, and one multipurpose dam in northern part of Gyeongsangbuk-do. The benthic macroinvertebrate communities of these structures were surveyed during 2009 to 2011. The simple habitat of benthic macroinvertebrates occurred at the upper sites due to pooling effects from artificial structures. Specifically, Check dam1, Jusanji, Imha dam showed very low biological attribute values compared to the down and control sites, which have greater difference in substrate characteristics. However, in the upper sites of Check dam2, Weir1 and Weir2, the difference of values of biological attributes was relatively smaller. Also, proportion of functional feeding groups and functional habit groups were relatively simpler at upper stream and the degree of community differences was greater between upper and down, control sites. Spearman's correlation between biological attributes and substrate characteristics, water quality parameters had significant correlations; particularly, the substrate characteristics were more significantly related. In conclusion, the pool caused by artificial structures had negative effects on benthic macroinvertebrate communities thus leading to simplified stream habitats at upper stream ecosystems.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aims to identify the impact of subjectively reported oral health status on the quality of life by applying the PRECEDE model. Methods: This study was conducted on a total of 450 people who had dental visit experience among persons above 35 and under 65 years living in Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the OHIP-14. The relationship between subjectively reported oral health status and the quality of life was evaluated by the chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: OHIP-14 scores were significantly associated with self-reported oral health problem. Especially the strongest correlations were found between functional limitation, physical psychological social disability on the OHIP-14 7 sub-factor and self-reported periodontitis and dry mouth symptoms. Conclusion: Subjectively reported oral health status is associated with oral heath related quality of life. In order to improve people's the quality of life, taking care of their oral heath is indispensable factor. Therefore, it is required to revitalize regular oral health check system and the development of effective oral health education programs by the government to prevent periodontitis and dry mouth as well.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.348-355
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• 2005

Purpose: In order to provide basic information for the development of nursing programs, health promoting behavior of students rewriting college entrance examinations was examined and factors related to health promotion were identified. Method: Data were collected by questionnaire from 804 examines in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and were analyzed using the SAS program with t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and Pearson correlation coefficients. Result: The mean score for health promoting behavior was 2.50. The highest score for the sub-areas was harmonious relationships and the lowest was, professional health maintenance. There were significant differences in health promoting behavior according to the following general characteristics; religion, frequency of rewriting college entrance examination, economic burden, parents' education level, grade, satisfaction with parents, friends and rewriting of college entrance examinations, parents' health concernsand knowledge of health, need for health education, and health condition and chronic disease over the past year. Correlations between health promoting behavior and family support and self-esteem were positive. The variables that influenced health promoting behavior were family support ($24.5\%$), self-esteem ($11.3\%$), anxiety ($2.6\%$), and stress of studying ($0.5\%$), explaining $38.9\%$ of the total variance. Conclusion: These results will help to develop a nursing program that enhances health promoting behavior of students rewriting college entrance examinations.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.99-118
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parenting efficacy, parenting behavior, and parenting stress on children's problematic behavior in Korea and China. The subjects were 292 children and their mothers who are caring for their 3-5 years old children in Korea and China. Data was collected using a parenting efficacy index, parenting behavior index, parenting stress index and child behavior check list. The data were statistically analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA (Scheff$\acute{e}$ test), correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that there were no significant differences in parenting efficacy, parenting behavior, parenting stress and children's problematic behavior in Korea and China. There were some significant differences in children's problematic behavior according to the socio-demographic variables, that is the gender of the child, the mother's education, the father's education, in Korea and China. Correlation analysis indicated that the parenting efficacy, parenting behavior, parenting stress and children's problematic behavior in Korea and China had significant correlations in some sub-variables. It was also found that the gender of the child, the mother's education, the father's education, the frustration and uneasiness of the parents, the control behavior, and the stress of parent-child dysfunctional interaction, were all significant predictors of the preschool children's problematic behavior in Korea, and the mother's education, the family income, the affection behavior, the rejection behavior, and the control behavior, were all significant predictors of the preschool children's problematic behavior in China.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2015

Purpose: This study is a descriptive research study to determine the level of professional autonomy, professional self-concept, and job satisfaction of emergency nurses, and to investigate their correlations and verify the effects of professional autonomy and professional self-concept on job satisfaction. Method: The subjects were 189 emergency nurses with a work experience of 1 year or more, in 14 hospitals located in B and U Metropolitan Cities. The study was conducted from July 20, 2014, to August 30, 2014. The measurement instruments for professional autonomy, professional self-concept, and job satisfaction were used as the measurement tools. The collected data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression. Results: Job satisfaction among emergency nurses showed a significant positive correlation with professional autonomy (r=.28, p <.001), and with professional selfconcept (r=.50, p <.001) with sub-areas of professional practice (r=.79, p <.001), satisfaction (r=.64, p <.001), and communication (r=.25, p <.001). Factors affecting job satisfaction were satisfaction (${\beta}$=0.60, p <.001), followed by low professional autonomy (${\beta}$=-0.24, p <.001) and communication (${\beta}$=0.14, p =.008), which accounted in total for 48.3% of the effect. Conclusion: This study suggests that enhancing professional satisfaction, maintaining proper communication, and securing autonomy are required to improve the job satisfaction among emergency nurses.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6919-6924
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• 2013

Background: Between 1998-2009 South Korea experienced significant progress in reducing the male smoking rate from 66.3% to 46.9%. As part of a significant government effort in the area of smoking cessation intervention, the Korean government implemented the national "Smoking Cessation Clinics (SCC)" program in 2004. Materials and Methods: Data covered 804,334 adult male smokers participating in SCC program at 253 public health centers between 2006-2009. We examined participant cessation rates with the SCC program, their characteristics and program intervention components using health insurance status as a socioeconomic status (SES) indicator. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed correcting for intra-class correlations within public health centers. Results: The overall 6-month quit rate was high (46.8%). Higher odds of smoking cessation were positively associated with higher levels of behavioral counseling sessions, but not nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Cessation rates were lower for Medicaid participants than for regular health insurance participants. Disadvantaged younger smokers were less likely to participate in the program. Older smokers were more likely to quit regardless of SES. Stress was cited as major reason for failure. Conclusions: SES inequalities across different age groups exist in smoking cessation among Korean adult male smokers. There is a need for intervention programs specifically targeting sub-populations of SES by different age groups.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2012

음성코딩 시 성도는 Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) 계수를 이용해서 모델링 한다. 일반적으로 LPC 계수는 양자화와 선형보간 관점에서 유리한 Line Spectral Frequency (LSF) 파라미터로 변경하여 사용한다. 10차 이상의 다차원 LSF 데이터를 벡터 양자화를 이용하여 직접 코딩하게 되면 벡터 내 상관관계 (intra-frame correlation)를 모두 이용할 수 있으므로 rate-distortion 관점에서는 높은 효율을 기대할 수 있다. 하지만, 계산량과 메모리 요구량이 높아져서 실제 코딩 시스템에서는 사용할 수 없게 되므로, 차원을 나누어 압축하는 Split Vector Quantization (SVQ)이 이용된다. 또한, LSF 데이터는 과거 벡터와의 벡터 간 상관관계 (inter-frame correlation)가 높으므로, 이를 이용한 Predictive Split Vector Quantization (PSVQ)이 사용되고 있다. PSVQ는 SVQ 보다 높은 rate-distortion 성능을 보인다. 본 논문에서는 음성 저장 장치를 위한 최적의 PSVQ를 구현하기 위해서 다수의 과거 프레임 정보와의 벡터 간상관관계 (inter-frame correlation)를 고려한 Multi-Frame AR-model 기반 SVQ (MF-AR-SVQ)를 제안하였다. 기존 PSVQ와 비교해 보았을 때, MF-AR-SVQ는 계산량과 메모리 요구량의 큰 증가 없이, 평균 spectral distortion 관점에서 약 1비트의 성능 향상을 보였다.