• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2016

Purpose - Many variables are needed for brand loyalty such as brand attitude, brand attachment, brand love and brand commitment. Thus, we should manage these all variables successfully for strong and differentiated brand equity. This study aims to identify the process of how the brand value propositions affect the brand attitude and brand attachment. This study specially conceptualizes that not only utilitarian value and hedonic value influence the brand attitude but also hedonic value influences the brand attachment. This study focuses on the moderating role of consumer involvement such as cognitive involvement and affective involvement in the causal relationships among brand value propositions, brand attitude, and brand attachment. Research design, data, and methodology - The five hypotheses were proposed and tested in this study. Three hypotheses were about the relationship among the brand value propositions(utilitarian value and hedonic value), brand attitude, and brand attachment. The other two hypotheses were about the moderating effect on consumer involvement in the causal relationships among brand value propositions, brand attitude, and brand attachment. Research data were collected from the students of universities located in Daejeon-Si and Chungchungnam-Do. For the purpose of test the hypotheses empirically, the 208 responses were used. We utilized SPSS18.0 for statistical analysis such as reliability test, factor analysis, and regression analysis. Results - The results show that the utilitarian value and hedonic value have influence on the brand attitude positively. The results also show that the hedonic value has influence on the brand attachment positively. We found that there is a moderating effect on the cognitive involvement in the relationship between the utilitarian value and the brand attitude. However, there is no moderating effect on the affective involvement in the relationship between the hedonic value and brand attachment. In Summary, 4 of 5 hypotheses in this study were supported and 1 hypothesis was not supported. We should identify the reason why the hypothesis 5, the moderating effect of the affective involvement in the relationship between the hedonic value and brand attachment, was rejected in this empirical analysis. Conclusions - Both the utilitarian value and the hedonic value that propose a brand are important for brand attitude. Specially, the hedonic value is important for brand attachment. Companies should provide the consumers with both the utilitarian value and the hedonic value in a balanced way for their favorable brand attitude and strong brand attachment. In the retail industry, the balance between the utilitarian value and the hedonic value is important in that there are many product brands and store brands providing consumers with various benefit and values. Also, there are possibilities that the causal relationships among brand value propositions, brand attitude and brand attachment are moderated by consumer involvement such as cognitive involvement and affective involvement. Companies should understand and consider consumer involvement for their efficient and effective brand management decision making.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2001

Objective: This study was done to observe the effects on the thermal changes and side effects of Bee Venom acupuncture. The objectives are as follows; If there are remarkable local thermal changes between pre and post Bee Venom acupuncture therapy on D.I.T.I. or not. If there are those, we examine how long it' s changes are maintained, what is the adequate interval on Bee Venom acupuncture therapy, and what the reactions in a local or whole body are on that therapy. Methods: To study the local thermal changes in Bee Venom acupuncture therapy, D.I.T.I. was used. Determination of this analysis periods are pre and post-therapy(5 minutes, 1 hour, 1day,2days, 3days, 5days and 7days later). The study group was divided into two groups. One was BV group(N=19), another was NS(Normal Saline) group. The Bee Venom acupuncture was injected by 0.2ml divided into 0.05ml at the Fengmen(風門:12), Feishu(肺兪:B13), Fufen(附分:B41), Pohu(魄戶: B42) 4 points. Then, in order to analyze the clinical form, we have observed responses of 23 students whenever we checked the thermal changes of their after performing. Results: The following results were obtained. 1. In BV group, there was a significant dermatothermal difference between pre and post therapy. That difference was most remarkable in post-therapy 1 hour to lday, and was not remarkable in post-therapy 5-7days later. 2. There was no significant dermatothermal changes at NS group, but BV group had remarkable changes between operated and non operated area in post-therapy 1hour, 1day, 2days. But there was none 7 days later. 3. Among the physical reactions after Bee Venom acupuncture therapy, operated-area pain, itching, pain on moving and fatigue sign most appeared until post-therapy 3days. Itching and fatigue sign appeared until post-therapy 7days. 4. In comparison the dermatothermal changes with the physical reactions, the decrease of { CT = (Rt Temperature -Lt. Temperature) / Rt. $Temperature{\times}100$} and the disappearance of physical reactions were about the same.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.35-59
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• 2002

The purpose of the study is to clarify the relationship between hair style and personal character. This is elucidated by using the standard model of their preferred hair style to their individual to their personality. The study is primarily centered around college woman, who reside in Young dong area. The research suggested that In the age group 19-25 subjects preferred their hair to be shoulder length or longer. This is in contrast to the older age group preferring a shorter hair style. Certainly most subjects under the age of 25 preferred their natural hair texture as opposed to permed hair fashioned by older subject. Difference is personality traits was not a factor here. There is a relationship between personality traits, personal background and whether or not subjects dyed or decolored their hair. Subjects responded "yes" which means that they are easily affected by the two factors. The response to the other question of which color they chose, if they dyed and decolored, was that the most of the cases preferred brown color because brown is a natural looking hair color. Their responses from the question "what kind of style they want, if they can change their style differently", they preferred a fashionable hair style. In most cases, individual responded that they change their hair style once in every two or three months. Of all the personality traits, 48.1% were adventurous, changingtheir hair style more than once in every 6 months. The main reason they change their hair style is that they are bored with their old style. In the under 25 age group, the cost of changing their hair style is usually paid for by the subjects parents, however a few responded that they paid for themselves. Over the age of 25 years 80% usually paid for themselves. Additionally students who supported themselves financially paid for hair restyling themselves. When changing a hair style most subjects consider that new hair style should go with their existing image. "What kind of image they want to show others？" almost all of them responded that they want to look sophisticated and fashionable, In the age group 25 and over who belong to the upper class want their hair to look healthy and a full of body. They also responded about their changing their hair style to show a different appearance positively,fferent appearance positively.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2000

전국 135개 인문계 고등학교에서 402명의 교사들을 대상으로 제6차 고등학교 과학과 교육과정의 적절성과 실천에 대한 고등학교 과학 교사들의 인식을 조사하였다. 대부분의 교사들은 목표에 교육과정 개정의 기본 방침이 잘 드러나 있고, 내용 체계와 내용은 적절하다고 생각하였다. 그러나 목표가 과학 교육 자료개발과 실제 지도 및 평가에 도움이 되도록 진술되지 않았으며, 방법 및 평가에 제시된 진술문은 교사의 탐구 지도 능력과 학교의 여건을 고려할 때 적절하지 않다고 생각하는 교사들이 많았다. 교육과정의 개정 내용을 교사 연수에서 충분히 다루지 않았으며, 개정된 교육과정에 의해 학습한 학생들의 지식 이해, 태도, 문제 해결 능력이 향상되지 않았다고 생각하는 교사들이 많았다. 학습 지원 시설과 자료의 부족, 입시 위주의 수업 및 평가 등으로 인하여, STS적 접근방법의 사용, 단원의 재구성, 학습 집단 구성의 다양화, 평가 도구 공동 개발 등 교육과정에서 제시한 수업 지도 방법을 실천하는 교사는 적었다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.289-299
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• 1997

This study has been undertaken in the light of constructivist view of teacher education. Participant observation, unstructured interview and questionnaire were used to explore the process and the role of practicum in science teacher education. The subjects were 19 student teachers majoring in physics education; 8 had participated at boys junior high school, 11 at senior high school. The student teachers had very critical and negative perception on their school days' science lessons. They had expected to do 'better' in their practicum but there were only 3 to 5 opportunities of teaching under the umbrella of textbook. Explanation in the classroom and solving exercise problem were the main features of student teachers' lessons. Much of the lessons were similar when it is to same topic and the main reference for their lesson preparation was the textbook. The student teachers felt the design of teaching approach as the most difficult thing during their lesson preparation. They realized that teaching is harder than they thought and they should consider students' level and responses. Though they had become to have more positive perception on teaching job through their field experiences, their decision on job preference did not change. More than half did not want to be a teacher. The student teachers recognised the courses related with science education as the most useful to their teaching in practice among the program of college of education which they had taken. The experience of writing one lesson plan or teaching in front of their peers, designing a new demonstration equipment were recognised as valuable and helpful element of the courses. They proposed to reduce the amount of general education courses and to emphasize the courses relevant with science education and practicum. The limited opportunity of teaching in practicum was pointed out as problematic. Though the practicum was recognized as a 'good' experience to student teachers, it was confined by textbook and limited teaching opportunity. In conclusion, the practicum was not organized and implemented as a meaningful experience of science teaching and learning. There should be more structured studies on what kind of perceptions and experiences the student teachers had brought to the science teacher education program, how they interact with the elements of the program and how they affect to their science teaching. The structure and content of practicum also should be studied and developed so as to make practicum as a meaningful experience of science teaching and learning.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2019

현대의 재난은 재난에 대해서 사전에 사고를 미리 예방하는 것도 사고 이후 복구도 매우 중요하다. 이러한 사고에 대한 현재 우리 정부의 대처방법은 적절하지 못하고 있다. 현재까지는 재난관리에 대해서는 재난에 대한 대응과 복구 활동의 중심이었으며, 그것에 대해 정부가 주도해 왔다. 반면에 대부분의 민간단체 및 기관들은 정부 재난관리 기관들을 보조만 해 왔던 것이 현실이었다. 우리나라도 이젠 지진 안전지대라고 할 수는 없다. 지진에 대비한 효과적인 재난관리체계의 확립을 위하여 현재 우리나라의 지진대비 재난관리 운영상의 문제점이 매우 시급하며, 이를 개선하기 위한 정책적 대안을 모색하려는 학문적 노력은 시기적으로 또 내용적으로 필요성이 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 2016년에서부터 2019년 사이에 일어난 지진에 대해 통계청 자료를 근거로 하여 분석해 보았다. 먼저 연구문제 1: 포항지진에 대한 정부의 대책은 어떠했는가?에 대한 결과에서는 포항지진에서는 주민대피도 중요했지만, 일주일 연기된 수능 일에는 학생들 안전을 위하여 직접 고사장에 배치되어 직접 현장에서 긴급 상황에 대비하여 수능에 차질없이 대처하였다. 따라서 연구 분석 결과 우리나라는 이러한 국가적 재해에 대비하여 앞으로도 재난 현장에서 피해 원인과 대응에 대하여 고민하고 피해를 최소화 시킬 수 있는 기술과 방법을 개발하기 위하여 끊임없이 노력해야 할 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.729-733
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 두 가지 투여그룹을 비교하여 ergogenic aid로서 D-ribose의 효과를 운동영양학적으로 규명하는데 그 목적이 있었고, 이를 위하여 2,000 m 조정운동 전, 운동종료 직후, 그리고 운동 종료 후 회복기 30분의 변화를 연구하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 투여그룹에 따른 2,000 m 조정운동 수행력의 차이는 없었으며 둘째, 투여그룹에 따른 젖산과 암모니아 수치의 차이도 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 회복 30분에서 무기인산은 PS에 비해서 RS투여그룹의 수치가 더 낮게 나타났으며, 마지막으로 회복 30분에서 hypoxanthine의 축적은 PS투여그룹에 비해 RS투여그룹의 수치가 더 낮게 나타났다. 따라서, 7-8분 정도의 고강도 운동 시 운동기록의 단축에 D-ribose 구강투여의 효과는 없었지만, 휴식 기 피로회복에 긍정적인 효과를 줄 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.215-224
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• 2017

이 연구는 특수학급 수학 수업에서 나타난 교사와 학생의 언어적 상호작용 요소의 빈도와 특성 그리고 언어적 상호작용의 유형을 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 특수학급에서 일상적으로 이루어지는 수학 교과 수업 중 도형 단원에 대한 수업을 수집 및 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 첫째, 언어적 상호작용 주체는 교사가 먼저 시도하는 언어적 상호작용이 전체 291회 중 237회(84.1%)로 나타났다. 둘째, 교사 질문은 전체 240회가 나타났는데, 지식 영역의 질문이 160회(66.7%)로 가장 많이 나타났다. 셋째, 학생 응답은 전체 617회가 나타났는데 단답형 응답이 367회(59.5%)로 나타났다. 넷째, 교사 피드백은 전체 581회가 나타났는데 정오(단순) 피드백이 234회(40.3%)로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 교사와 학생 간의 언어적 상호작용의 유형은 전체 237회가 나타났고, 교사 질문과 학생 반응 그리고 교사 피드백이 1회 나타나는 I(RF) 유형이 83회(35.0%)로 가장 많이 나타났다. 이 연구의 결과를 통해 알게 된 특수 학급 수학 수업에서 나타나는 교사와 학생의 언어적 상호작용 요소와 유형에 대한 정보는 특수학급 수학 수업의 질을 개선하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.762-771
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 고등학교 지구과학 I의 단열변화 주제에 관한 교과서별 내용을 분석하여 향후 교과서 집필 방향에 시사점을 제공하기 위한 것이다. 연구를 위하여 8종의 고등학교 검인정 과학 교과서 중, 일선 학교에서 많이 사용하고 있는 6종의 교과서를 분석 대상으로 선정하였다. 교과서 분석에는 전주시 소재의 교원 양성 대학교에 재학 중인 예비교사 35명이 참여하였다. 먼저 연구자가 사전에 6종의 분석대상 교과서를 살핀 후, 분석관점을 단열변화에 대한 개념 정의, 단열변화에 대한 삽화, 단열변화에 대한 실험의 세 부분으로 범주화하였다. 이를 바탕으로 6종의 교과서를 분석한 후 각 범주별로 가장 우수한 교과서를 선정하였다. 연구 결과 단열변화에 대한 개념정의는 교과서 A, 단열변화에 대한 삽화는 교과서 C, 단열변화에 대한 실험은 교과서 B가 우수한 것으로 선정되었으며, 6종의 교과서 모두 불완전한 부분이 있음이 확인되었다. 이러한 교과서의 부정확성, 부적절성은 학생들이 단열변화를 이해하는 데 어려움을 초래할 수 있으며, 더 나아가 오개념을 형성하도록 하는 문제점을 가져올 수 있다. 따라서 단열변화에 대한 보다 체계적이고 정확하며, 완전한 내용이 담겨지도록 교과서의 내용을 재구성할 필요성이 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2003

Objectives : The 1990s has seen advances in the conceptualization of self-perceived health status which has important roles for individual health and the quality of life. Many types of standardized questionnaires have been developed with the current wide use of SF-36, NHP, andEuroQol. However, the outcomes of these tools may be different with regard to regional, cultural and emotional backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to trial the development of a Korean Health Profile (KHP 1.0) to measure the self-perceived health stati of Koreans. Methods : The KHP 1.0 was designed on the basis of the Medical Outcome Study Form 36 (SF-36), the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and the EuroQOL. It was composed of 9 scales; physical functioning, role limitation-physical, pain, general health, energy, social isolation, sleep, role limitation-emotional, and e-motional health. Self-reported chronic disease conditions, and the Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), were also checked for the evaluation of clinical validity. This study was conducted, from December 2000 to January 2001, on 800 middle-aged parents, with four high school students, with 100 retest sets being conducted two weeks later. From the 800 subjects there were 588 complete responses (effective response 73.5%). The reliability of the test-retest results, and the factor analysis on the validity of the KHP 1.0 components, were evaluated using the SPSS (ver 10.0) software. Results : The reliability of the KHP 1.0 was good with Cronbach's alpha (>0.6), test-retest correlation coefficients (>0.5), but with no significant differences from the paired t-test. From the psychometric validity tests, the 9 scales of the KHP 1.0 were divided into two components; physical and mental, and trimmed to the established model with 55% of the total variance, with the exception of role limitation-emotional. The clinical validity on the basis of the comparison for the four characteristic groups; healthy, physical conditions only, mental conditions only, and physical and mental conditions were also good. Conclusions : The KHP 1.0 appears to be a valid measurement tool of self-perceived health stati of Koreans, although there are limitations, i.e. sample size was too small, a limited number of middle-aged subjects, and it was based on unconfirmed diagnoses, etc. Therefore, further study is required to standardize the assessment.