• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.567-574
• /
• 2019

In order to study the effect of stress and water pressure on the permeability of fractured rock mass under three-dimensional stress conditions, a single fracture triaxial stress-seepage coupling model was established; By using the stress-seepage coupling true triaxial test system, large-scale rock specimens were taken as the research object to carry out the coupling test of stress and seepage, the fitting formula of permeability coefficient was obtained. The influence of three-dimensional stress and water pressure on the permeability coefficient of fractured rock mass was discussed. The results show that the three-dimensional stress and water pressure have a significant effect on the fracture permeability coefficient, showing a negative exponential relationship. Under certain water pressure conditions, the permeability coefficient decreases with the increase of the three-dimensional stress, and the normal principal stress plays a dominant role in the permeability. Under certain stress conditions, the permeability coefficient increases when the water pressure increases. Further analysis shows that when the gob floor rock mass is changed from high stress to unloading state, the seepage characteristics of the cracked channels will be evidently strengthened.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.677-686
• /
• 2018

Aimed at serious casing damage problem during the process of oilfield development by injecting water, based on seepage mechanics, fluid mechanics and the theory of rock mechanics, the multi-physics coupling theory was also taken into account, the mathematical model for production of petroleum with water flooding was established, and the method to solve the coupling model was presented by combination of Abaqus and Eclipse software. The Q9G3 block in Jibei oilfield was taken for instance, the well log data and geological survey data were employed to build the numerical model of Q9G3 block, the method established above was applied to simulate the evolution of seepage and stress. The production data was imported into the model to conduct the history match work of the model, and the fitting accuracy of the model was quite good. The main mechanism of casing damage of the block was analyzed, and some wells with probable casing damage problem were pointed out, the displacement of the well wall matched very well with testing data of the filed. Finally, according to the simulation results, some useful measures for preventing casing damage in Jibei oilfield was proposed.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.285-300
• /
• 2017

Shallow coal resources are increasingly depleted, the mining has entered the deep stage. Due to "High stress, high gas, strong adsorption and low permeability" of coal seam, the gas drainage has become more difficult and the probability of coal and gas outburst accident increases. Based on the flow solid coupling theory of coal seam gas, the coupling model about stress and gas seepage of coal seam was set up by solid module and Darcy module in Comsol Multiphysics. The gas extraction effects were researched after applying hydraulic technology to increase permeability. The results showed that the effective influence radius increases with the expanded borehole radius and drainage time, decreases with initial gas pressure. The relationship between the effective influence radius and various factors presents in the form: $y=a+{\frac{b}{\left(1+{(\frac{x}{x_0})^p}\right)}}$. The effective influence radius with multiple boreholes is obviously larger than that of the single hole. According to the actual coal seam and gas geological conditions, appropriate layout way was selected to achieve the best effect. The field application results are consistent with the simulation results. It is found that the horizontal stress plays a very important role in coal seam drainage effect. The stress distribution change around the drilling hole will lead to the changes in porosity of coal seam, further resulting in permeability evolution and finally gas pressure distribution varies.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.1011-1025
• /
• 2017

The geological conditions surrounding the Jijiapo Tunnel of the Three Gorges Fanba Highway project in Hubei Province are very complex. In this paper, a 3-D physical model was carried out to study the evolution process of filling-type fracture water inrush and mud gush based on the conditions of the section located between 16.040 km and 16.042 km of the Jijiapo Tunnel. The 3-D physical model was conducted to clarify the effect of the self-weight of the groundwater level and tunnel excavation during water inrush and mud gush. The results of the displacement, stress and seepage pressure of fracture and surrounding rock in the physical model were analyzed. In the physical model the results of the model test show that the rock displacement suddenly jumped after sustainable growth, rock stress and rock seepage suddenly decreased after continuous growth before water inrushing. Once water inrush occured, internal displacement of filler increased successively from bottom up, stress and seepage pressure of filler droped successively from bottom up, which presented as water inrush and mud gush of filling-type fracture was a evolving process from bottom up. The numerical study was compared with the model test to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the results of the model test.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.519-529
• /
• 2021

In coal mining activities, the abutment stress of the coal has to undergo cyclic loading and unloading, affecting the strength and seepage characteristics of coal; additionally, it can cause dynamic disasters, posing a major challenge for the safety of coal mine production. To improve the understanding of the dynamic disaster mechanism of gas outburst and rock burst coupling, triaxial devices are applied to axial pressure cyclic loading-unloading tests under different axial stress peaks and different pore pressures. The existing empirical formula is use to perform a non-linear regression fitting on the relationship between stress and permeability, and the damage rate of permeability is introduced to analyze the change in permeability. The results show that the permeability curve obtained had "memory", and the peak stress was lower than the conventional loading path. The permeability curve and the volume strain curve show a clear symmetrical relationship, being the former in the form of a negative power function. Owing to the influence of irreversible deformation, the permeability difference and the damage of permeability mainly occur in the initial stage of loading-unloading, and both decrease as the number of cycles of loading-unloading increase. At the end of the first cycle and the second cycle, the permeability decreased in the range of 5.777 - 8.421 % and 4.311-8.713 %, respectively. The permeability decreases with an increase in the axial stress peak, and the damage rate shows the opposite trend. Under the same conditions, the permeability of methane is always lower than that of helium, and it shows a V-shape change trend with increasing methane pressures, and the permeability of the specimen was 3 MPa > 1 MPa > 2 MPa.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.613-624
• /
• 2022

A study of the evolution of overburden fractures under the solid-fluid coupling state was conducted based on the geological and mining characteristics of the coal seam depth, weak strata cementation, and high-intensity mining in the mining areas of West China. These mining characteristics are key to achieving water conservation during mining or establishing groundwater reservoirs in coal mines. Based on the engineering background of the Daliuta Coal Mine, a non-hydrophilic simulation material suitable for simulating the weakly cemented rock masses in this area was developed, and a physical simulation test was carried out using a water-sand gushing test system. The study explored the spatial distribution and dynamic evolution of the fractured zone in the mining overburden under the coupling of stress and seepage. The experimental results show that the mining overburden can be vertically divided into the overall migration zone, the fracture extension zone and the collapse zone; additionally, in the horizontal direction, the mining overburden can be divided into the primary fracture zone, periodic fracture zone, and stop-fracture zone. The scope of groundwater flow in the overburden gradually expands with the mining of coal seams. When a stable water inrush channel is formed, other areas no longer generate new channels, and the unstable water inrush channels gradually close. Finally, the primary fracture area becomes the main water inrush channel for coal mines. The numerical simulation results indicate that the overlying rock breaking above the middle of the mined-out area allows the formation of the water-conducting channel. The water body will flow into the fracture extension zone with the shortest path, resulting in the occurrence of water bursting accidents in the mining face. The experimental research results provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of water conservation mining or the establishment of groundwater reservoirs in western mining areas, and this theoretical basis has considerable application and promotion value.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 1993

본 연구에서는 지반해석을 위한 여러 방법중 유한요소법에 의한 연성해석 및 역해석기법을 이용하여, 지반변형해석과 토질정수의 추정방법 등에 대하여 연구하였다. 토질정수의 정확한 산정의 필요성을 알기 위하여, 지반의 탄성해석에서의 탄성계수, 투수계수, 포아송비 등에 따른 민감도를 분석 고찰하였고, 여러가지의 점토질 흙에 대한 압밀실험결과를 이용하여 역해석기법에 의한 토질정수의 산정을 실시하고, 이 토질정수를 이용한 탄성해석에 의하여 지반의 변형과 간극수압을 구하여, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 탄성해석에 있어서, 지반의 탄성계수에 따른 지반변형량과 간극수압의 민감도가 비교적 크게 나타나므로, 탄성계수의 산정은 매우 중요하며, 재하하중이 클수록 탄성계수의 산정을 정확히 하여야 한다. 작은 하중단계에서의 짧은 시간의 실측치를 이용한 역해석을 통하여 토질정수를 산정함으로 4, 비교적 단순한 탄성해석을 통하여서도, 더욱 큰 하중 재하시 또 장기간의 변형량을 실제와 가잠게 예측할 수 있으며, 역해석에서의 반복계산 회수를 줄이고 더욱 좋은 결과를 얻기 위해서는, 초기치 실측 절점의 개수를 증가시키고 초기 실측치의 더욱 정확한 산정이 필요하다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.35-45
• /
• 2014

사면의 안정성을 위한 한계평형해석은 간편함과 적용성 때문에 가장 널리 적용되고 있다. 이러한 간편한 방법으로 균질하지 않고 방향성 있는 지층 같은 다양한 지형조건을 해석하기에는 신뢰성과 설득력 있는 결과를 주기에 한계가 있다. 또한 지반굴착과 성토지반 같은 토사사면의 초기 응력상태나 응력경로와 같은 지반의 응력변화에 대해서 고려하지 못한다. 반면, 한계평형해석과는 다르게, 유한요소법에 의한 변형과 응력분포 해석은 시간에 따른 복잡한 하중단계와 탄성영역외의 범위를 다룰 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 불포화 토사사면에서 발생하는 얕은 파괴의 안전율 계산과 임계단면을 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 유한요소해석은 유효응력 거동을 근간으로 각 요소들의 가우스 포인트에서 응력들이 계산되고 안전율이 가장 약한 지점들을 찾아 비선형 임계단면이 결정된다. 이러한 사면안정해석은 강우침투에 의해 변형되는 지반의 사면 표층파괴에 적합하게 계산된다. 침투에 의한 지반의 단위중량의 변화는 사면의 연직 및 수평변위에 영향을 주며, Drucker-Prager 파괴기준은 수리학-역학적인 연계된 불포화토의 거동 해석과 응력-변형률 관계를 위해 적용된다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권12호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2018

무선 센서 네트워크 시스템은 종래의 계측기술이 가지는 한계인 집중계측방법이 가지는 단점을 보완하여 시설물 전체의 거동을 확인할 수 있다는 장점으로 구조물의 안전진단 및 계측, 물 관리 시스템 그리고 댐 구조물에 대한 관리시스템에 까지 폭넓게 제안되고 있다. 그러나 계측과 동시에 시설물의 상태평가가 가능한 연구는 미진한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 기존의 기술적 단점을 개선하기 위하여 시설물의 거동을 파악함과 동시에 안전 등에 대한 상태평가가 가능하도록 무선 센서 네트워크 시스템을 제안하였다. 저수지 댐 시설에 대한 지반공학적 위험인자를 사전에 평가하고, 시설물의 파괴를 유발하는 인자에 대한 한계값을 설정함으로써 위험인자를 측정함과 동시에 인자별로 한계상태를 즉시 평가할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 저수지댐에 대한 표준단면을 이용하여 침투 및 비탈면 활동에 대한 수치해석을 수행하였고, 응력-간극수압 연동 유한차분 수치해석을 수행하여 저수지 댐 구조물에 대한 한계변위를 설정함으로써 즉시 상태평가가 가능하고 측정값을 이용해 회귀분석 함으로써 한계값에 도달하는 시간을 예측할 수 있음으로써 재난, 재해를 사전에 인지할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다.