• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-69
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• 2014

This paper proposes a method for predicting maximum friction coefficients and optimal slip ratios as optimal control parameters for traction control or slip control of autonomous mobile robots on rough terrain. This paper focuses on strength of ground surface which indicates different characteristics depending on material types on surface. Strength of various material types can be estimated by Willoughby sinkage model and by a developed testbed which can measure forces, velocities, and displacements generated by wheel-terrain interaction. Estimated strength is collaborated on building improved Brixius model with friction-slip data from experiments with the testbed over sand and grass material. Improved Brixius model covers widespread material types in outdoor environments on predicting friction-slip characteristics depending on strength of ground surface. Thus, a prediction model for obtaining optimal control parameters is derived by partial differentiation of the improved Brixius model with respect to slip. This prediction model can be applied to autonomous mobile robots and finally gives secure maneuverability on rough terrain. Proposed method is verified by various experiments under similar conditions with the ones for real outdoor robots.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2003

As a construction technique is developed recently, the construction space and construction period are considered to important matters. Especially, in case of construction period, several method is proposed for strength control in the construction field. However there are very little strength control models for application of internal condition. The purpose of this study is to develop a strength control model for application of variety internal condition at construction field. The results are as follows ; 1) According to the results of compressive strength of concrete evaluated by logistic curve and proposed curve, proposed curve is applicable of construction field because there is similar relation with logistic curve. 2) It is shown that the construction period is shortened by reduction of the formwork removal time, because a predicted compressive strength of using the new curve is higher than the proposed compressive strength of standard.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2020

Understanding the strength characteristics of model ice is an important issue for model testing in an ice model basin to estimate the ship performance in ice. In particular, the mechanical properties of the model ice including elastic modulus, flexural strength and compressive strength are key consideration factors. In order to understand the characteristics of the model ice during warm-up phase at KRISO's ice model basin, the strength properties are tested in this study. The infinite plate-bending method, in-situ cantilever beam test and ex-situ uniaxial compressive test are conducted to determine the strength properties of model ice. The strength characteristics of the model ice are then analyzed in terms of the warm-up phase and seasonality. These results could be valuable to quality control of the model ice characteristics in KRISO's ice model basin and to better understand the variations in strength properties during the ice model tests.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2011

EG/AD/S type model ice was originally selected as the primary model ice material for the MOERI ice tank in Korea. The existence of a sugar component in the EG/AD/S mixture may cause a serious maintenance problem. In order to understand the influence of sugar in the original model ice, a series of tests with EG/AD/S and EG/AD model ices were performed, and their material properties compared. Because the target strength of model ice in the full-scale MOERI ice tank is expensive and difficult to control, tests were performed under cold room conditions using a miniature ice tank. This paper describes the material properties of EG/AD/S and EG/AD model ices, such as flexural strength, compressive strength and elastic modulus. In order to obtain the desired strength and stiffness levels for the model ice, a warm-up process was introduced.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2003

현재 건설생산현장에서 이루어지고 있는 거푸집 제거 시기 결정, 설계기준강도 확보 등의 강도관리는 그 시점을 예측할 수 없다는 단점이 있기 때문에 건설생산현장에서의 공정계획 및 강도관리에서 한계가 있을 수밖에 없다. 이에 따라 콘크리트의 강도를 예측할 수 있으면 보다 합리적인 강도관리 및 공정계획이 가능하게 된다. 본 연구는 적산온도 방법에 의해 새로 제안된 강도예측모델의 적용가능성을 검증하기 위해 기존 강도예측모델 중 Logistic 모델과 비교 평가하였으며, 모의부재에서 채취한 코어공시체와 현장양생공시체의 압축강도를 비교 평가한 후 새로운 강도예측모델에 의해 강도를 예측하여 거푸집 제거시기를 결정하는 것에 대한 합리성을 검증하고자 하였다. 실험결과 Freiesleben의 활성화에너지를 이용한 등가재령함수에 있어서 콘크리트의 강도는 양생온도에 관계없이 유사한 강도수준을 나타내고 있으나 강도-적산온도의 상관성을 높이기 위해서는 등가재령 계산시 이용되는 활성화에너지에 대한 검토가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 새로 제안된 모델의 경우 Logistic 모델에 비해 초기재령에 있어서 강도예측이 보다 정확한 것으로 나타났으며, SSE는 작고 결정계수는 높게 나타나고 있어 이를 이용한 강도예측이 보다 합리적일 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 범위 내에서 양생온도 10~15$^{\circ}C$의 경우 강도관리 측면에서 새로운 강도예측모델 사용시 압축강도 50kgf/${cm}^2$ 발현시점이 기존에 제안된 기간과 비교하여 빠르게 나타나고 있어 이를 건설생산현장에서 적용할 경우 거푸집제거시기의 단축에 의한 공기단축이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.382-387
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• 2011

In this paper, a LBCC (Latter Bank Cooling Control) for the high strength steel is proposed to obtain the desirable temperature and the property of the material along the longitudinal direction of the steel on the ROT (Run-Out Table) process. A cooling valve is modeled to analyze the response of the ROT banks. The control concept is derived from a field data, a valve model considering the valve response and a TTT (Time-Temperature Transformation) diagram. The proposed control is verified from the simulation results under the various carbon quantities. It is shown through the field test of the hot strip mill that the deviation of the CT (Coiling Temperature) is considerably decreased by the proposed temperature control.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.2419-2435
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• 2023

Command and control networks(C2N) exhibit evident multi-network interdependencies owing to their complex hierarchical associations, interleaved communication links, and dynamic network changes. However, the existing command and control networks do not consider the effects of dependent nodes on the load distribution. Thus, we proposed a command and control networks load allocation strategy based on interdependence strength. First, a new measure of interdependence strength was proposed based on the edge betweenness, which was followed by proposing the inter-layer load allocation strategy based on the interdependence strength. Eventually, the simulation experiments of the aforementioned strategy were designed to analyze the network invulnerability with different initial load capacity parameters, allocation model parameters, and allocation strategies. The simulation indicates that the strategy proposed in this study improved the node survival rate of the interdependent command and control networks model and successfully prevented cascade failures.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to obtain research-based evidence on the relationships among general characteristics, family strength, self-control, and happiness among late school-aged children using a correlational research design. Methods: The participants were 172 fifth- and sixth-grade students from two public elementary schools. Data were collected by employing structured questionnaires, including the Korean Family Strengths Scale for Strengthening Family II, a self-control scale, and a happiness scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The level of happiness of late school-aged students showed significant correlations with family strength (r=.78, p<.001), and self-control (r=.59, p<.001). Family strength had a significant positive correlation with self-control (r=.55, p<.001). The factors with a significant impact on participants' happiness were family strength (${\beta}=.63$, p<.001), self-control (${\beta}=.21$, p<.001), exercise frequency, and self-perceived health. The total explanatory power of the model was 69%, and the explanatory power of family strength for the level of happiness was 61%, showing that the family strength was the most important factor that promoted happiness in late school-aged students. Conclusion: These findings imply that improving family strength is an important aspect of promoting happiness among late school-aged children. Interventions to strengthen late school-aged children's self-control are also necessary.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2022

The influence of normal stress perpendicular to the potential shear plane was always neglected in existing researches, which may lead to a serious deviation of the shear strength of concrete members in practice designs and numerical analyses. In this study, a series of experimental studies are carried out in this paper, which serves to investigate the shear behavior of concrete under compression shear loading. Based on the test results, a three-phase shear failure model for cohesive elements are developed, which is able to take into consideration the influence of normal stress on the shear strength of concrete. To identify the accuracy and applicability of the proposed model, numerical models of a double-noted concrete plate are developed and compared with experimental results. Results show that the proposed constitutive model is able to take into consideration the influence of normal stress on the shear strength of concrete materials, and is effective and accurate for describing the complex fracture of concrete, especially the failure modes under compression shear loadings.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.697-703
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• 2018

Compressive strength is one of the most important engineering properties of concrete, and testing of the compressive strength of concrete specimens is often costly and time consuming. In order to provide the time for concrete form removal, re-shoring to slab, project scheduling and quality control, it is necessary to predict the concrete strength based upon the early strength data. However, concrete compressive strength is affected by many factors, such as quality of raw materials, water cement ratio, ratio of fine aggregate to coarse aggregate, age of concrete, compaction of concrete, temperature, relative humidity and curing of concrete. The concrete compressive strength is a quite nonlinear function that changes depend on the materials used in the concrete and the time. This paper presents an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for the prediction of concrete compressive strength. The training of fuzzy system was performed by a hybrid method of gradient descent method and least squares algorithm, and the subtractive clustering algorithm (SCA) was utilized for optimizing the number of fuzzy rules. Experimental data on concrete compressive strength in the literature were used to validate and evaluate the performance of the proposed ANFIS model. Further, predictions from three models (the back propagation neural network model, the statistics model, and the ANFIS model) were compared with the experimental data. The results show that the proposed ANFIS model is a feasible, efficient, and accurate tool for predicting the concrete compressive strength.