• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.605-612
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 W/B $30\%$의 고성능 콘크리트에서 팽창재와 수축저감제 병용 사용에 따른 콘크리트의 기초적 특성 및 수축특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 실험결과, 고성능 콘크리트의 유동성은 팽창재와 수축저감제를 단독사용보다 병용사용일 때 더 크게 저하하여 고성능 감수제의 사용량이 증가되었고, 공기량은 증가하여 AE제의 사용량이 감소되었다. 또한, 압축강도는 팽창재량의 혼입률 $5.0\%$를 사용한 경우가 최대가 되고, 수축저감제는 사용량 증가에 따라 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 고성능콘크리트의 건조수축 및 자기수축을 저감시키기 위해서는 팽창재와 수축저감제를 혼합하여 사용할 때 가장 양호한 결과가 나타났다. 따라서 유동성, 강도 및 수축특성을 종합적으로 고려한 결과, 본 연구실험 조건에서는 팽창재 $5.0\%$, 수축저감제 $1.0\%$의 조합이 최적배합으로 분석되었다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.519-525
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 혼화제에 따른 3성분계 그라우트에 대하여 자유수축 및 구속수축에 대하여 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 3성분계 그라우트는 플라이애쉬, 지르코늄 실리카퓸을 사용하였고, 팽창재(a, b)와 수축저감제 혼화제를 병용 사용하였다. 또한 유럽규정 EN 445에 따라 그라우트의 기본재료특성 실험을 수행하여 블리딩, 체적변화량, 유동성, 압축강도 실험을 수행하여 기본재료특성 거동도 분석하였다. 실험결과, 팽창재와 수축저감제 혼입률에 따라 유동성은 다소 영향은 없었으나, 우수한 블리딩 및 침하 저감성능과 압축강도를 나타났다. 자유수축 거동에서는 팽창재와 수축저감제를 혼입한 변수들은 0.0E-0.0R 변수보다 최소 29%의 수축저감성능을 보여 주었다. 특히 팽창재 a와 수축저감제를 병용 사용한 변수에서는 수축 저감의 효과가 더욱 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 혼화제의 혼입률이 증가할수록 텐던 구속에 의한 수축균열은 뒤늦게 발생함을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 유독 팽창재 a 2.0%, 수축저감제 0.50%를 혼입한 변수에서는 우수한 수축저감성능으로 수축균열이 발생하지 않았다. 종합하여 볼 때, 본 연구의 실험 조건에서는 팽창재 a 2.0%, 수축저감제 0.50%인 조합이 PSC 교량용 고품질 3성분계 그라우트의 최적의 혼입률인 것으로 분석된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1743-1751
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• 2014

라텍스 첨가는 콘크리트의 압축 및 휨거동, 부착강도, 염화물 저항성 및 동결융해 저항성의 향상을 유도할 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 이유로, 기존 포장 콘크리트 보다 LMC에 관한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 소음이나 공사비용등을 비롯한 문제점 때문에 LMC의 성능을 향상시키기 위한 새로운 방법들이 시도되고 있으며, 최근, LMC의 문제점을 해결하고자 레미콘 LMC가 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 레미콘 LMC의 내구성을 라텍스와 광물질 첨가제의 혼입 비율에 따라 비교하였다. 실험결과, 레미콘LMC는 압축강도, 휨강도, 부착강도가 한국 도로공사 전문 시방서 기준을 만족하였으며, 레미콘LMC의 내구성은 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 레미콘LMC에 라텍스를 8% 이상 혼입해야 기존 LMC와 동등 이상의 내구성을 확보하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2021

The effect of draw ratio (8, 10, 12, 14 times) and additive CaCO₃ content (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 wt%) on the properties of high-performance PE monofilament was investigated in this study. As the draw ratio increased (8-14 times), the melting enthalpy (ΔHf), crystallinity, specific gravity, and tensile strength increased significantly. However, the draw ratio had little effect on the melting temperature (Tm) and crystallization temperature (Tc). The seawater fastness (stain and fade) of the hydrophobic PE monofilament prepared in this study showed an excellent grade of 4-5 in all draw ratios. To investigate the effect of the additive CaCO₃ content on the properties of high-performance PE monofilament, the draw ratio was fixed at 14 times. It was found that the tensile strength of the PE monofilament sample containing 0.5 wt% of CaCO₃ was much greater compared to the sample without CaCO₃, but the elongation of the sample containing 0.5 wt% of CaCO₃ was much less than the sample with 0 wt% CaCO₃. However, in the case of the sample containing more than 0.5 wt% CaCO₃, the tensile strength slightly decreased and the elongation slightly increased as the CaCO₃ content increased. The seawater fastness (stain and fade) of the hydrophobic PE monofilament showed excellent grades of 4-5, regardless of the amount of additives. From the above results, it was found that the maximum draw ratio of 14 times with an additive of 0.5 wt% CaCO₃ are the optimal conditions for manufacturing high-performance marine fusion materials with various fineness (denier) with high strength and low elongation.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 고로슬래그 미분말 제조시 혼입되는 최적의 석고량을 도출하고, 분말도 및 제조환경에 관한 제반물성을 실험적으로 검토함으로서 고로슬래그 미분말의 품질향상 방안과 사용성 확대를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 실험결과, 유동성은 석고첨가량이 높을수록 저하하는 경향이었고 천연석고와 석회 소성슬러지의 경우에는 첨가량 2.6%이상에서 KS 기준을 만족하지 못하였다. 압축강도는 인산석고, 탈황석고, 불산석고의 화학석고가 초기 강도가 높게 형성되었고 석회 소성슬러지와 석회석 미분말은 강도발현에 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 분말도가 높아지면 유동성이 감소하고 압축강도는 증가하기 때문에 석고첨가량을 2.0%이하로 관리하는 것이 경제적일 것으로 판단된다. 저온에서는 불산석고, 고온에서는 탈황석고가 유동성 확보에 유리한 것으로 나타났고 동절기인 $10^{\circ}C$에서는 2.6%, 서중기인 $30^{\circ}C$에서는 2.0%이하로 사용하는 것을 적정 사용량으로 결정하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2006

This study was to investigate the effect of adding additive as tannin, rice husk and charcoal, for reducing the formaldehyde emission level, on the adhesion properties of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin for particleboard. We controlled the hot-pressing time, temperature and pressure to determine the bonding strength and formaldehyde emission. Blends of various UF resin/additives (tannin, rice husk and charcoal) compositions were prepared. To determine and compare the effect of additives (tannin, rice husk and charcoal) content, 0, 5, 10 and 15%, by weight of UF resin, were used. $NH_4Cl$ as hardener added. To determine the level of formaldehyde emission, we used the desiccator, perforator and 20 L-small chamber method. The formaldehyde emission level decreased with increased additions of additive (except rice husk). Also, increased hot-pressing time decreased formaldehyde emission level. At a charcoal replacement ratio of only 15%, the formaldehyde emission level is under F ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ grade (emit < $0.3mg/{\ell}$). Curing of the high tannin additive content in this adhesive system indicated that the bonding strength increased. But, in the case of rice husk and charcoal, the bonding strength was much lower due to the inorganic substance. Furthermore, rice husk was poor in bonding strength as well as formaldehyde emission than tannin and charcoal.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2022

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of barium silicate filler contents on mechanical properties of resin nanoceramics (RNCs) for additive manufacturing (AM). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Additively manufactured RNC specimens were divided into 4 groups depending on the content of ceramic fillers and polymers: 0% barium silicate and 100% polymer (B0/P10, control group); 50% barium silicate and 50% polymer (B5/P5); 60% barium silicate and 40% polymer (B6/P4); 67% barium silicate and 33% polymer (B6.7/P3.3). The compressive strength (n = 15) and fracture toughness (n = 12) of the specimens were measured, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were performed. Independent sample Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed on the compressive strength and fracture toughness test results, and the significance of each group was analyzed at the 95% confidence interval through post-tests using the Bonferroni's method. RESULTS. B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 exhibited much higher yield strength than B0/P10 and B5/P5 (P < .05). Compared to the control group (B0/P10), the other three groups exhibited higher ultimate strength (P < .05). The fracture toughness of B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 were similar (P > .05). The content of barium silicate and fracture toughness showed a positive correlation coefficient (R = 0.582). SEM and EDS analyses revealed the presence of an oval-shaped ceramic aggregate in B6/P4 specimens, whereas the ceramic filler and polymer substrate were homogeneously mixed in B6.7/P3.3. CONCLUSION. Increasing the ceramic filler content improves the mechanical properties, but it can be accompanied by a decrease in the flowability and the homogeneity of the slurry.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2013

PURPOSES : The main purposes of this study are to examine the influences of polyethylene wax-based WMA additive on the optimum asphalt content of warm-recycled asphalt mixture based on the Marshall mix design and to evaluate performance of warm-recycled asphalt mixture containing 30% RAP with polyethylene wax-based WMA additive. METHODS: Physical and rheological properties of the residual asphalt were evaluated in terms of penetration, softening point, ductility and performance grade (PG) in order to examine the effects of polyethylene wax-based WMA additive on the residual asphalt. Also, To evaluate performance characteristics of the warm-recycled asphalt mixtures using polyethylene wax-based WMA additive along with a control hot-recycled asphalt mixture, indirect tensile strength test, modified Lottman test, dynamic immersion test, wheel tracking test and dynamic modulus test were conduced in the laboratory. RESULTS : Based on the limited laboratory test results, polyethylene wax-based WMA additive is effective to decrease mixing and compacting temperatures without compromising the volumetric characteristics of warm-recycled asphalt mixtures compared to hot-recycled asphalt mixture. Also, it doesn't affect the optimum asphalt content on recycled-asphalt mixture. All performance test results show that the performance of warm-recycled asphalt mixture using polyethylene wax-based WMA additive is similar to that of a control hot-recycled asphalt mixture. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the performance of warm-recycled asphalt mixture using polyethylene wax-based WMA additive is comparable to hot-recycled asphalt mixture.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate a simulation technology for the AM field based on ANSYS Inc.. The introduction of metal 3D printing AM process, and the examining of the present status of AM process simulation software, and the AM process simulation processor were done in the previous study (part 1). This present study (part 2) examined the use of the AM process simulation processor, presented in Part 1, through direct execution of Topology Optimization, Ansys Workbench, Additive Print and Additive Science. Topology Optimization can optimize additive geometry to reduce mass while maintaining strength for AM products. This can reduce the amount of material required for additive and significantly reduce additive build time. Ansys Workbench and Additive Print simulate the build process in the AM process and optimize various process variables (printing parameters and supporter composition), which will enable the AM to predict the problems that may occur during the build process, and can also be used to predict and correct deformations in geometry. Additive Science can simulate the material to find the material characteristic before the AM process simulation or build-up. This can be done by combining specimen preparation, measurement, and simulation for material measurements to find the exact material characteristics. This study will enable the understanding of the general process of AM simulation more easily. Furthermore, it will be of great help to a reader who wants to experience and appreciate AM simulation for the first time.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze concrete characteristics by admixing agent and additive contents according to the change of unit-water to identify its effect on compressive strength. First of all, as for flesh concrete, overall unit-water showed a tendency to decrease as component inclusion rate of admixing agent was increased. In addition, air content showed a tendency to increase by increasing WR, WB, NP series admixing agent contents, on the other hand, the change of air content was gentle by around $1.5{\pm}0.5%$ for S, T, M series agents. Bulk density showed an inverse proportion to the change of air content. As for hardened concrete, expression rate of 3-day age compressive strength was generally decreased for S, T, WR, WB, NP, M series admixing agent component. Also, expression rate of 7-day age compressive strength showed an excellent record for S, M series agents, and expression rate of 28-day age compressive strength showed a tendency to increase more than plain on the whole.