• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 2009

Hemorheological results may be influenced by the time between blood sampling and measurement, and storage conditions (e.g., temperature, time) during sample delivery between laboratories may further affect the resulting data. This study examined possible hemorheological alterations subsequent to storage of rat and dog blood at room temperature ($22^{\circ}C$) or with cooling ($4{\sim}10^{\circ}C$) for 2, 4, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Measured hemorheological parameters included hematological indices, RBC aggregation and RBC deformability. Our results indicate that marked changes of RBC deformability and of RBC aggregation in whole blood can occur during storage, especially for samples stored at room temperature. The patterns of deformability and aggregation changes at room temperature are complex and species specific, whereas those for storage at the lower temperature range are much less complicated. For room temperature storage, it thus seems logical to suggest measuring rat and dog cell deformability within 6 hours; aggregation should be measured immediately for rat blood or within 6 hours for dog blood. Storage at lower temperatures allows measuring EI up to 72 hours after sampling, while aggregation must be measured immediately, or if willing to accept a constant decrease, over 24~72 hours.

• 품질경영학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.504-511
• /
• 2010

A fuze detonator comprising star shells is an important device so that its failure usually leads to failure of the shells. In this paper, accelerated degradation tests of RD1333 (lead azide) using temperature stress were performed, and then degradation data of explosive power for the detonator were analyzed to predict the storage lifetime of detonator. Degradation data analysis to estimate the storage lifetime is based on a distribution-based degradation process. Statistical distribution parameters of explosive power degradation measures at each time were estimated for each temperature level, and then reliability of the detonator for each accelerated temperature level was estimated using both time-varying distribution parameters and critical level of explosive power. Arrhenius model was applied to estimate storage lifetime of the detonator under the field temperature condition. Accelerated distribution-based degradation analysis to estimate storage lifetime is explained in detail, and estimation results are compared to field data of storage lifetime in this paper.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.22-34
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate changes of the marker compounds and anti-inflammatory effect of Gamisoyo-san decoction (GMSYS) depending on storage temperature and periods. Methods: GMSYS was stored at room temperature or refrigeration for 12 months. According to storage temperature and periods, pH and sugar content of GMSYS were measured. To determine the marker compounds of GMSYS, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was performed. To estimate the anti-inflammatory effect of GMSYS, LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines were measured in RAW 264.7 cells. Results: There was no change in pH and sugar content depending on storage temperature and periods of GMSYS. The contents of gallic acid and mangiferin in both of room temperature and refrigerated decoctions reduced with increasing storage periods. Chlorogenic acid was time-dependently decreased in case of stored at room temperature. GMSYS significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. These effects equally maintained up to 3 months at both of room temperature and refrigeration. Since 4 months, the inhibitory effect of GMSYS on LPS-induced $PGE_2$ production was time-dependently reduced, and the decrease in $PGE_2$ inhibitory effect of decoction stored at refrigeration was lower than that of stored at room temperature. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the anti-inflammatory effect of GMSYS are maintained up to 12 months, but it shows optimal efficacy up to 3 months. It is recommended to store in a refrigeration for short periods since some components decrease as storage periods becomes longer.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 1998

To find out suitable storage and marketing condition, northern type 'seosan' garlic was stored for 3 months at controlled atmosphere(CA), modified atmosphere(MA), low(0~1$^{\circ}C$) and room temperature(20$\pm$5$^{\circ}C$), and then marketed at low(2~3$^{\circ}C$) and room temperature (20$\pm$5$^{\circ}C$)after storage. The physiological properties of garlic were investigated among treatments. The garlic respiration increased after 2 months at room temperature storage, which seem to be dormancy break time. During storage of garlic by CA, MA condition, sprouting and weight loss were prevented effectively by suppress of respiration, and hardness was maintained higher then those of the others. Decay rate occurred 8.1% at room temperature storage, 2% at MA storage but didn't occurred at CA and low temperature storages. When marketed at room and low temperature after storage, increment of respiration and sprouting were delayed, and changes of weight and hardness were low in garlics stored at CA and MA. Decay rate occurred high in garlics stored at MA and room temperature.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제31권8호
• /
• pp.1373-1380
• /
• 2018

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effects of temperature and storage time on the evolution of bacterial communities in swine manure. Methods: Manure was stored at $-20^{\circ}C$, $4^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, or $37^{\circ}C$ and sampled at 7-day intervals over 28 days of storage, for a total of 5 time points. To assess the bacterial species present, 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences were analyzed using pyrosequencing. Results: After normalization, 113,934 sequence reads were obtained, with an average length of $466.6{\pm}4.4bp$. The diversity indices of the communities reduced as temperature and storage time increased, and the slopes of rarefaction curves decreased from the second week in samples stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ and $4^{\circ}C$. These results indicate that the richness of the bacterial community in the manure reduced as temperature and storage time increased. Firmicutes were the dominant phylum in all samples examined, ranging from 89.3% to 98.8% of total reads, followed by Actinobacteria, which accounted for 0.6% to 7.9%. A change in community composition was observed in samples stored at $37^{\circ}C$ during the first 7 days, indicating that temperature plays an important role in determining the microbiota of swine manure. Clostridium, Turicibacter, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus within Firmicutes, and Corynebacterium within Actinobacteria were the most dominant genera in fresh manure and all stored samples. Conclusion: Based on our findings, we propose Clostridium as an indicator genus of swine manure decomposition in an anaerobic environment. The proportions of dominant genera changed in samples stored at $20^{\circ}C$ and $37^{\circ}C$ during the fourth week. Based on these results, it was concluded that the microbial communities of swine manure change rapidly as storage time and temperature increase.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.354-363
• /
• 1997

The purpose of the present work is to show the best thermal storage material and the sensitivity of the parameters on the thermal performance by experimentally investigating the effects of the parameters on the thermal performance of the spherical capsule system using paraffins superior to the commercial one. The paraffins were n-Tetradecane and the mixture of n-Tetradecane 40% and n-Hexadecane 60%. The experimental parameters were the Reynolds number of 8, 12, and 16 and the inlet temperature of-7, -4, -1, and $2^{\circ}C$. The charging and the discharing time, the dimensionless thermal storage amount, and the averge heat transfer coefficient in the tank were obtained by utilizing the local temperature variation in the tank. The local charging and discharging time in the tank was axially and radially different a lot. The effects of the inlet temperature on the charging and the discharging time were larger during the charging process than during the discharging process, but the effects of the Reynolds number on the charging and the discharging time were in reverse order. The paraffins were better by 11~72% than the water with the inorganic material in the charging time aspect, but no difference in the discharging time aspect. The effects of the Reynolds number on the dimensionless thermal storage amount were smaller than the effects of the inlet temperature during the charging process, but in reverse order during the discharging process within the working range of the experimental parameters. The effects of the inlet temperature and the Reynolds number on the average heat transfer coefficient were larger during the discharging process than during the charging process. The average heat transfer coefficient for the paraffins was larger by 40% maximum than that for the commercial material during the charing and the discharging process.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.553-562
• /
• 2001

The greenhouse heating system with heat pump and latent heat storage was built for development of simulation model and validation. The computer simulation model for the system to predict temperature of air, soil surface and cover film in the greenhouse were developed and its validity was justified by actual data. From the analysis of experimentally measured and the simulation output, following results were obtained. 1. The expected values of inside air temperature for the greenhouse with a heat pump and a latent heat storage system were very much close to the experimental values at the error range of 1.0$\^{C}$. 2. The expected values of soil surface temperature fur the geenhouse with a heat pump and a latent heat storage system were very much close to the experimental values at the error range of 1.0$\^{C}$. 3. The expected values of thermal energy flow fur the greenhouse with a heat pump and a latent heat storage system were very much close to the experimental values at the error range of 167.2kJ/m$^2$h. 4. Heat lass value of day time was found to be larger than that of night time as much as 1.11 time. 5. At day time. the inside air temperature was shown to be higher than the set point of 7.0$\^{C}$. At night time, the inside air temperature was controlled in order to maintain higher temperatures than the set point.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.407-411
• /
• 1997

가열시간과 저장온도가 가열팜유의 산화안정성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 팜유는 $150^{\circ}C$에서 0, 1, 10 또는 20분동안 가열된 후 4, 20 또는 $65^{\circ}C$에 넣어 저장하였다. 시료의 산화안정성은 저장중인 시료의 과산화물가와 시료의 headspace에서의 휘발성 물질의 양을 측정함으로써 평가되었다. 4 또는 $20^{\circ}C$에 저장한 가열팜유와 $65^{\circ}C$에 저장한 팜유는 과산화물과 휘발성물질 생성에 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.05). Pentane, hexanal, heptane과 total volatile은 가열시간이 증가함에 따라 많이 생성되었으나 저장온도는 유의적으로 그 생성에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 이것은 가열팜유의 휘발성 물질의 생성에는 저장온도보다 가열시간이 더욱 중요한 역할을 수행함을 의미한다. 그러나 과산화물 생성에는 반대 결과가 관찰되었다. 또한 가열팜유의 산화안정성에 대한 가열시간과 저장온도의 상호효과도 관찰되었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.219-228
• /
• 1990

생유와 시판되고 있는 저온살균유, 고온 순간살균유 및 초고온순간살균유 각 20예에 대하여 polyacrylamide 겔 전기 영동법으로 단백질의 조성을 구하였다. 생유의 Whey 단백질 중 혈청 albumin, ${\alpha}-lactalbumin,\;{\beta}-lactoglobulin$의 조성은 3.71 : 11.44 : 84.85였으며 저온 살균과 고온순간살균에 의하여 큰 변호를 주지 않았다. 그러나 초고온 순간 살균으로 조성비는 0 : 64.75 : 35.5로 변화되어 형청 albumin의 소실과 ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$의 감소를 보였다. 살균처리유의 냉장보존 3일째에 ${\alpha}-lactalumin과\;{\beta}-lactoglobulin$의 감소가 있었으나 $25^{\circ}C$ 실온보존에서는 변화가 없었다. 고온 순간 살균유는 실온보존 2일째에 혈청 albumin, 3일째에 ${\alpha}-Lactalbumin의$ 감소만 있었고 다른 Whey 단밸질은 보존온도에 관계없이 3일간 농도변화가 없었다. 초고온순간살균유는 냉장보존 2일째 혈청 albumin의 감소만 인정되었다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.205-214
• /
• 2021

Currently, the interim storage pools of spent fuels in South Korea are expected to become saturated from 2024. It is required to prepare an operation plan of a domestic dry storage facility during a long-term period, with the researches on safety evaluation methods. This study modified the FRAPCON code to predict the spent fuel integrity evaluation such as the axial cladding temperature, the hoop stress and hydrogen distribution in dry storage. The cladding temperature in dry storage was calculated using the COBRA-SFS code with the burnup information which was calculated using the FRAPCON code. The hoop stress was calculated using the ideal gas equation with spent fuel information such as rod internal pressure. Numerical analysis method was used to calculate the degree of hydrogen diffusion according to the hydrogen concentration and temperature distribution during a dry storage period. Before 50 years of dry storage, the cladding temperature and hoop stress decreased rapidly. However, after 50 years, they decreased gradually and the cladding temperature was below 400 K. The initial temperature distribution and hydrogen concentration showed a parabolic line, but hydrogen was transferred by the hydrogen concentration and temperature gradient over time.