• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.332-341
• /
• 2020

High-speed turbomachinery implements gas foil bearings (GFBs) due to their distinctive advantages, such as high efficiency, lesser part count, and lower weight. This paper provides the test results of the static structural stiffnesses and loss factors of bump-type foil thrust bearings with increasing preload and bearing deflection. The focus of the current work is to experimentally quantify variability in structural stiffnesses and loss factors among the four test thrust bearings with identical design values and material of the bump and top foil geometries using the same (open-source) fabrication method. A simple test setup, using a rigidly mounted non-rotating shaft and thrust disk, measures the bearing bump deflections with increasing static loads on the test bearing. The inner and outer diameters of the test bearings are 41 mm and 81 mm, respectively. The loss factor, best-representing energy dissipation in the test bearings, is estimated from the area inside the local hysteresis loop of the load versus the bearing deflection curve. The measurements show that structural stiffnesses and loss factors of the test bearings significantly rely on applied preloads and bearing deflections. Local structural stiffnesses of the test bearings increase with applied preloads but decrease with bearing deflections. Changes of loss factors are less sensitive to applied preloads and bearing deflections compared to those of structural stiffnesses. Up to 35% variability in static load structural stiffnesses is found between bearings, while up to 30% variability in loss factors is found between bearings.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to compare kinematic variables and stiffnesses of ankle joints between normal person and transfemoral amputee gait in order to develop or fit prosthetic leg. Twenty subjects (ten normal persons and ten transfemoral amputees) participated in this experiment, and walked three trials at a self-selected pace. The gait motions were captured with Vicon system and variables were calculated with Visual-3D. The velocity, stride length, stride width, cycle time, double limb support time and right swing time of gaits were statistically significant. Because coefficients of variability of normal persons on velocity, double limb support time and swing time were greater than transfemoral amputees, normal persons controlled these gait variables effectively. The stiffnesses of ankle joints were not statistically significant, but patterns of stiffnesses of ankle joints during three rockers were absolutely different. The negative correlations between stiffnesses of ankle joints and cycle time and swing time were presented. These differences suggest that developing and fitting prosthetic leg were demanded. Further studies should develop fitting program and simulator of prosthetic leg.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
• /
• pp.120-129
• /
• 2000

As structure-soil interaction analysis for the seismic analysis of structures requires a nonlinear analysis of a structure-soil system considering the inelastic characteristics of soil layers nonlinear analyses of the foundation-soil system with the horizontal excitation were performed considering the nonlinear soil conditions for the nonlinear seismic analysis of structures. Stiff soil profile of SD and soft soil profile of SE specified in UBC were considered for the soil layers of a foundation and Ramberg-Osgood model was assumed for the nonlinear characteristics of soil layers. Studies on the changes of dynamci stiffnesses and damping rations of surface and embedded foundations depending on foundation size soil layer depth and piles were performed to investigate the effects of the nonlinear soil layer on the horizontal and rotational dynamic stiffnesses and damping ratios of the foundation-soil system According to the study results nonlinear prperties of a soil laryer decreeased horizontal and rotational linear stiffnesses and increased damping ratios largely Effects of foundation size soil layer depth and piles were also significant suggesting the necessity of nonlinear seismic analyses of structures.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2015

Compared with conventional construction materials such as steel and concrete, the advanced composite materials are corrosion-free, light-weight, and when used as construction materials, the construction period can be made less than one-tenth needed for conventional materials. However, because of the difficult theories and formulas, the ordinary construction engineers have difficulties in understanding and calculating formulas needed in construction. In this paper, calculation of the stiffnesses of the advanced composite laminated plates and compared with the result of stiffnesses.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 2004

The global stiffnesses and vibration characteristics of vehicle structures are mainly influenced by local stiffnesses of the joint structures consisted of complicated thin-walled panels. In this paper, the parametric study for the stiffnesses of the center pillar-roof rail joint of vehicle structure is performed through the linear static analysis. The analysis result shows that the reinforcement panel much affects the joint stiffness of out-plane direction (i.e., z-direction). And also, the flange radius and width of the joint structure much affect the Joint stiffness of out-plane direction. The study shows that vehicle joint stiffnesses can be effectively determined in designing vehicle structure through the parametric study.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.24-31
• /
• 1990

In this study, the bending and twisting stiffnesses of corrugated plate were analyzed by applying equivalent idea, and the optimum shape of corrugated plate was determinated in the stiffnesses.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2016

The predominant type of buckling that I-steel concrete composite beams experience in the negative moment area is distortional buckling. The key factors that affect distortional buckling are the torsional and lateral restraints by the bottom flange. This study thoroughly investigates the equivalent lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange of an I-steel concrete composite beam under negative moments. The results show a coupling effect between the applied forces and the lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange. A formula is proposed to calculate the critical buckling stress of the I-steel concrete composite beams under negative moments by considering the lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange. The proposed method is shown to better predict the critical bending moment of the I-steel composite beams. This article introduces an improved method to calculate the elastic foundation beams, which takes into account the lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange and considers the coupling effect between them. The results show a close match in results from the calculation method proposed in this paper and the ANSYS finite element method, which validates the proposed calculation method. The proposed calculation method provides a theoretical basis for further research on distortional buckling and the ultimate resistance of I-steel concrete composite beams under a variable axial force.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 2001

본 연구는 점탄성 감쇠기의 최적설계에 관한 연구로서 기존에 독립적으로 설계되던 점탄성 감쇠기와 설치용 가새 강성의 동시 최적설계 방법을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 직렬 연결된 점탄성 감쇠기와 가새를 상태방정식으로 모델링하였으며 최대응답계수를 이용해서 각층 최대 층간변위를 구속조건으로 하여 최적화 문제를 구성하였다. 구속조건에 대한 기울기 정보를 계산하는 과정에서 구조물의 동적거동에 관한 구속조건을 포함시켜서 문제를 재구성함으로써 변수를 줄일 수 있었다. 설계예제를 통해 현실적으로 충분한 가새 강성이 제공될 수 없는 경우에는 층간변위 구속조건을 만족시키기 위해서 가새 강성을 고려한 감쇠기 설계가 필요함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 가새 강성을 최적화 변수에 포함시킴으로써 불필요한 가새 강성을 줄일 수 있었으며 이를 보상하기 위한 감쇠기 물량의 상대적인 증가는 크지 않다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.32-39
• /
• 2009

This paper describes mathematical models of the torsional geared driving system for the indexing path and the mill driving path in a mill turret. The eigenvalue analysis for the models is conducted both with and without the gear contact stiffnesses. The natural frequency leads to the effect of gear contact stiffnesses on the vibration of torsional geared systems in a mill turret. It is necessary to analyze eigenvalues of the complex geared torsional system in order to prevent the unexpected vibrations.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제11권7호
• /
• pp.287-294
• /
• 2001

The identification of connection stiffnesses of bolted structures is presented using FRT-based substructural sensitivity analysis. The substructural design sensitivity formula is derived and plugged into the optimization module of MATLAB to identify connection stiffnesses of an air-conditioner compressor or passenger Car. The air-conditioner composed of a compressor and a bracket, is analysed by using the FRT-based substructural(FBS) method to obtain FTRs an FE model is generated for the bracket, and the impact hammer test is performed for the compressor, Obtained FRTs are combined to calculate the reaction force at the connection point and the system response. By minimizing the difference between a target FRT and calculated one the connection element properties of the air-conditioner syste are identified It is shown that the proposed identification method is effective for a real problem.