• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2005

부재의 내력비, 강성비에 영향을 받는 다층 강구조 골조의 내진성능을 평가하기 위하여 내력비 및 강성비를 설계 파라메타로 하여 동적 비탄성 응답해석을 수행하였다. 해석 결과에 대한 분석을 통하여 내력비와 강성비의 변화폭이 큰 다층골조의 손상분포 예측식을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 1) 보기둥 내력비 및 강성비가 작아질수록 1층의 기둥 주각부에서의 손상집중 현상이 크게 나타났다. 2) 보기둥 내력비 및 강성비를 고려하여 보붕괴형 강구조 다층골조의 손상분포를 예측할 수 있는 식을 제안하였으며, 예측식은 응답해석 결과와 좋은 대응을 보였다. 3) 본 연구에서 제안한 손상분포 예측식은 강접 및 반강접 보붕괴형 강구조 다층골조의 손상분포를 예측할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

The seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) columns made from high-strength materials was investigated experimentally. Six high-strength concrete specimen columns (1:4 scale), which included three with high-strength stirrups (HSSs) and three with normal-strength stirrups (NSSs), were tested under a combination of high axial and reversed cyclic loads. The effects of stirrup strength and the ratio of transverse reinforcement on the cracking patterns, hysteretic response, strength, stiffness, ductility, energy dissipation and strain of transverse reinforcement were studied. The results indicate that good seismic behaviour of an RC column subjected to high axial compression can be obtained by using a well-shaped stirrup. Stirrup strength had little effect on the lateral bearing capacity. However, the ductility was significantly modified by improving the stirrup strength. When loaded with a large lateral displacement, the strength reduction of NSS specimens was more severe than that of those with HSSs, and increasing the stirrup strength had little effect on the stiffness reduction. The ductility and energy dissipation of specimens with HSSs were superior to those with NSSs. When the ultimate displacement was reached, the core concrete could be effectively restrained by HSSs.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제12권5호통권48호
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• pp.487-494
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• 2000

고강도강 기둥-보 접합부는 용접방법에 따라 응력집중 및 균열의 발생진전에 큰 차이가 있다. 그러므로 공장제작형 디테일에 대한 내력과 인성, 용접접합부의 소성변형 능력과 패널의 강성에 의한 변형능력의 차이 등을 비교 검토하여 설계자료로 제시하고자 한다. 실험결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 누적소성율과 소성변형배율, 내력상승을 모두 논스캘럽이 스캘럽 시험체 보다, 약패널이 강패널 보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 시험체의 2차균열 발생은 스캘럽 단부에서 발생하였으나, 논스캘럽 시험체는 보플렌지 용접 본드부에서 발생하여 집합부 상세에 따라 상이한 경향을 나타내었다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2004

The effect of refining conditions and grammage on the stiffness of linerboard was investigated. The correlations between Taber stiffness and resonance stiffness were very low due to the different measuring principle. The refining conditions did not affect sig nificantly on both Taber and resonance stiffness estimated here. This means that it is strongly recommended to find and apply the refining conditions which can reduce specific energy consumption. Taber stiffness showed very high correlation for the thickness and elastic modulus of linerboard, while the resonance stiffness showed much lower correlation. Effective thicknesses for Taber stiffness were very well fitted with measured thickness, while those for resonance stiffness depended on the grammage of linerboard.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.741-752
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• 2022

Earlier works have shown that excessive shear stiffness at the steel-concrete interface causes a non-uniform distribution of shear force in composite structures. When the shear studs are wrapped at the fixed end with flexible materials with a low elastic modulus, the shear stiffness at the interface is reduced. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of silicone rubber-sleeve mounted on shear studs on the shear stiffness of steel-concrete composite structures. Eighteen push-out tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical behavior of silicone rubber-sleeved shear stud groups (SRS-SSG). The dimension and arrangement of silicon rubber-sleeves (SRS) were taken into consideration. Test results showed that the shear strength of SRS-SSG was higher than that of a shear stud group (SSG), without SRS. For SRS-SSG with SRS heights of 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, the shear strengths were improved by 13%, 20% and 9%, respectively, compared to the SSG alone. The shear strengths of SRS-SSG with the SRS thickness of 2 mm and 4 mm were almost the same. The shear stiffness of the SRS-SSG specimens with SRS heights of 50 mm, 100 mm and 150 mm were 77%, 67% and 66% of the SSG specimens, respectively. Test results of specimens SSG-1 and predicted values based on the three design specifications were compared. The nominal single stud shear strength of SSG-1 specimens was closest to that calculated by the Chinese Code for Design of Steel Structures (GB50017-2017). An equation is proposed to consider the effects of SRS for GB50017-2017, and the predicted values based on the proposed equation agree well with the tested results of SRS-SSG.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2019

Recently as flat display panels are getting narrower, TV wall mounts also become slimmer for interior design issue. In this study CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) was used for TV wall mount to satisfy slim arm design along with enough strength and low weight. The 16 staking sequences was made with orthogonal array to reduce experimental cases. Strength analysis of the TV wall mount arm made of CFRP laminate was studied on condition of staking sequences using FEA(Finite Element Analysis) and stiffness and strength of those cases were evaluated using deflection and Tsai-Wu's Failure criterion. The result showed that [$-45^{\circ}/90^{\circ}/45^{\circ}/0^{\circ}/-45^{\circ}$] lay up case was suitable for the wall mount arm staking design from the criteria of deflection and Tsai-Wu's Failure Index.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.359-370
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• 2023

Slime is produced by excavation during the installation of embedded piles, and it tends to mix with the cement paste injected into the pile shafts. The objective of this study is to investigate the strength and stiffness characteristics of cement pasteslime mixtures. Mixtures with different slime ratios are prepared and cured for 28 days. Uniaxial compression tests and elastic wave measurements are conducted to obtain the static and dynamic properties, respectively. The uniaxial compressive strengths and static elastic moduli of the mixtures are evaluated according to the curing period, slime ratio, and water-cement ratio. In addition, dynamic properties, e.g., the constrained, shear, and elastic moduli, are estimated from the compressional and shear wave velocities. The experimental results show that the static and dynamic properties increase under an increase in the curing period but decrease under an increase in the slime and water-cement ratios. The cement paste-slime mixtures show several exponential relationships between their static and dynamic properties, depending on the slime ratio. The bearing mechanisms of embedded piles can be better understood by examining the strength and stiffness characteristics of cement paste-slime mixtures.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2022

본 연구의 목표는 수직분할된 철근콘크리트 전단벽의 철근상세에 따른 강성 및 강도 저감에 대해 실험적으로 평가하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 수직분할에 따른 강도 및 강성 저감효과를 확인하기 위해 실 스케일 실험체 4개를 제작하여 반복 횡가력 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 수직분할에 따라 강도 및 강성이 감소되는 것을 확인하였다. 특히 강도 저하율보다 강성 저하율이 큼에 따라 수직분할에 따른 하중 재분배 시 극한강도에 대한 안전성을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 균열양상을 확인한 결과, 분할된 벽체 중 압축지배를 받는 벽체에서 사인장 균열이 발생하였기 때문에 강도 평가 시 휨 강도 뿐만 아니라 전단저항 메커니즘을 같이 고려해야 한다. 벽체 단면 수직철근의 변형률 분포 분석 결과, 분할 후 두 개의 중립축이 발생하며 상부에서는 반전된 변형률 분포가 나타나 이중 곡률을 갖는 벽체의 양상을 보였다. 추후 연구에서는 벽체의 유효높이를 고려한 강성 저감률 평가가 필요하며 추가로 벽체 형상비 등 추가 변수에 대한 평가 및 유한요소해석을 이용한 다양한 벽체에 대한 해석적 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2001

A series of rabbit common extensor tendon specimens of the humeral epicondyle were subjected to tensile tests under two displacement rates (100mm/min and 10mm/min) and different elbow flexion positions 45°, 90°and 135°. Biomechanical properties of ultimate tensile strength, failure strain, energy absorption and stiffness of the bone-tendon specimen were determined. Statistically significant differences were found in ultimate tensile strength, failure strain, energy absorption and stiffness of bone-tendon specimens as a consequence of different elbow flexion angles and displacement rates. The results indicated that the bone-tendon specimens at the 45°elbow flexion had the lowest ultimate tensile strength; this flexion angle also had the highest failure strain and the lowest stiffness compared to other elbow flexion positions. In comparing the data from two displacement rates, bone-tendon specimens had lower ultimate tensile strength at all flexion angles when tested at the 10mm/min displacement rate. These results indicate that creep damage occurred during the slow displacement rate. The major failure mode of bone-tendon specimens during tensile testing changed from 100% of midsubstance failure at the 90°and 135°elbow flexion to 40% of bone-tendon origin failure at 45°. We conclude that failure mechanics of the bone-tendon unit of the lateral epicondyle are substantially affected by loading direction and displacement rate.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.133-143
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• 2016

The objective in here is to find the density, stiffness, and strength of truss-wall rectangular (TWR) model which is combined with lattice truss (MLT) inside space. The TWR unit-cell model is defined as a unit cell originated from a solid-wall rectangular (SWR) model and it has an empty space inside. Thus, the empty space inside of the TWR is filled with lattice truss model defined as TWR-MLT. The ideal solutions derived of TWR-MLT are based on TWR with MLT model and it has developed by Gibson-Ashby's theory. To validate the ideal solutions of the TWR-MLT, ABAQUS software is applied to predict the density, strength, and stiffness, and then each of them are compared with the Gibson-Ashby's ideal solution as a log-log scale. Applied material property is stainless steel 304 because of cost effectiveness and easy to get around. For the analysis, SWR and TWR-MLT models are 1mm, 2mm, and 3mm truss diameter separately within a fixed 20mm opening width. In conclusion, the relative Young's modulus and relative yield strength of the TWR-MLT unit model is reasonably matched to the ideal expectations of the Gibson-Ashby's theory. In nearby future, TWR-MLT model can be verified by advanced technologies such as 3D printing skills.t.