• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.529-537
• /
• 2021

Although the use of physical restraints is controversial, it is still commonly used in hospitalized patients to prevent patient accidents in clinical practice. It is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, perception, and nursing practices related to the use of physical restraints. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which self-administered questionnaires were collected from 144 nursing students at two Universities. Descriptive statistics, including t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression, were applied to analyze the data collected. Our results reveal that the mean knowledge score of nursing students regarding the use of physical restraints was 11.55±2.81, the mean attitude score was 60.01±7.24, the mean perception score was 59.97±10.68, and the mean nursing practice score was 38.04±4.15. Significant positive correlations were observed between nursing practice and knowledge, attitude, and perception. Multiple regression analysis showed that the factors significantly related to nursing practice and the use of physical restraints were perception (β=.23, p=.005) and attitude (β=.21, p=.009), having a total explained variance of 13.0%. The findings from this study suggest that perception is the strongest predictor of the use of physical restraints in nursing practice. Thus, it is necessary to develop and apply an evidence-based educational intervention program to ensure that nursing students correctly understand the need for physical restraints and later use them appropriately in clinical practice.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.55-76
• /
• 2010

This paper analyses interaction between yen/dollar exchange rates and NIKKEI index using bivariate GJR-GARCH(1,1) model. The data employed for the study is daily data series for the period of Jan. 4, 1995 through Aug. 30, 2009. One of main findings is that market inefficiency appears in the periods of financial crisis. Second, the volatility of exchange rates and stock returns has more increased in the wake of the volatility shock of the previous period during financial crisis than during non-financial crisis. Third, interestingly, the asymmetric volatility shock by bad news in those markets is bigger in financial crisis period than in non financial crisis. Fourth, in the period of current global financial crisis triggered by subprime mortgage crisis in U.S, volatility shock at the previous period is bigger than that of Asian financial crisis that happened in 1997. Lastly, the correlation between both returns of exchange rates and stock prices turns up positive according to the empirical estimation. This result may come from the fact that Japanese stock market does not have much attraction for international financial investment compared to stock markets of neighbouring countries like China, Korea and so on, while real sector's contribution to the economy is considered more importantly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.323-330
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of body mass index(BMI) and waist circumference(WC) on hemoglobin(Hb) in Korean Adult. This study analyzed the data of 2015, The Sixth KNHANES. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate logistic regression analysis(SPSS 25.0). The major findings, The subject's Hb In BMI, obese was the highest(F=97.862, p<0.001). The Hb In WC, $WC{\geq}90cm$ was higher for male(t=4.909, p<0.001), and $WC{\geq}85cm$ was higher for female(t=5.088, p<0.001). Hb has a significant positive correlated with BMI(r=0.188, p<0.001), WC(r=0.298, p<0.001). In male, Hyperhemoglobinemia was 2.30 times(p<0.001) higher in obese and 1.81 times(p<0.001) higher in $WC{\geq}90cm$. In female, Hyperhemoglobinemia was 1.99 times(p=0.002) higher in overweight, 5.66 times(p<0.001) higher in obese, and 4.27 times(p<0.001) higher in $WC{\geq}85cm$. In conclusion, adult obesity prevention and management programs should include exercises, diets, and education, and exercise interventions specifically for eliminating abdominal obesity.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.481-492
• /
• 2018

We conducted TL/OSL dating for the earthenware kilns in the Bongsan-ri archaeological site, Osong, which was occupied from the late nineteenth to the late twentieth century. With the SAR-TL/OSL method, paleodose was determined from the equivalent dose during the burial period($ED_{burial}$), the background dose($ED_{BG}$), the fading correction factor(f), and the overestimation correction factor(C). The annual dose rates and their provenance were evaluated from the measurement of natural radionuclides $^{238}U$, $^{232}Th$, and $^{40}K$. Because the comprehensive absolute age was provided by combining the resulting TL/OSL and radiocarbon data, we concluded that, for the absolute chronology of a modern archaeological site, TL/OSL dating and radiocarbon dating must be carried out together and summed. The construction and occupation of earthenware kilns in the Bongsan-ri site had changed from stage I (No.5, 6 kilns), to stage II (No.1, 2, 3 kilns), to stage III (No.4) in chronological order. When Bayesian statistics were applied, we found that the absolute ages of occupation for stages I, II, and III correspond to AD $1910{\pm}23$, AD $1970{\pm}10$, and AD $1987{\pm}4$. These results were in good agreement with the archaeological context or chronology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.653-661
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the impacts of perceived stress and empathy ability on altruistic behavior of freshman nursing students. Data were collected from 160 freshman nursing students between 24 November and 9 December 2016. A total of 154 questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression. The results showed that perceived stress had significant negative correlations with altruistic behavior (r=-0.178, p=0.028) as did positive perception, a subfactor of perceived stress (r=-0.347, p<0.001). However, empathy ability was significantly positively correlated with altruistic behavior (r=0.607, p<0.001). The factors influencing altruistic behavior included emotional empathy, cognitive empathy and positive perception, with emotional empathy being the most influential factor (${\beta}=0.320$), followed by cognitive empathy (${\beta}=0.312$), which together had an explanatory power of 41.6%. Moreover, there was a mediating effect of empathy ability in the relationship between positive perception and altruistic behavior. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the management of curricula for nursing college students should search for ways to reduce their perceived stress as well as increase their empathy ability in order to improve their altruistic behavior.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.8
• /
• pp.594-603
• /
• 2019

This purpose of this study is for an Airline company to discover and utilize new knowledge because knowledge and information are considered core tools for achieving high performance and competitive advantage, and achieving high performance and competitive advantage will surely determine the long-term survival of airline companies. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the causal relationships among different types of organizational culture, the knowledge sharing activities and the effectiveness of organizational work by airline members from a holistic viewpoint. The results of analysis are as follows. First, when examining the effects of the organizational culture types of airline members on knowledge sharing, a creative innovation culture, a relational group culture and a hierarchical orientation culture all showed positive effects on knowledge sharing. Second, the knowledge sharing by airline members showed a significant positive effect on the effectiveness of organizational work. Third, the creative innovation culture, the relational group culture and the hierarchical orientation culture all showed positive effects on the effectiveness of organizational work. Fourth, knowledge sharing did not have a mediating effect on the relationship between organizational culture and the effectiveness of organizational work.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.352-357
• /
• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Youth is the crucial stage between childhood and adulthood during which an individual acquires new behavior and practices including dietary habits, that may be influenced by his peers, social circle, nutrition knowledge level and other factors. The increase in awareness of young adults is of special importance from the perspective of health and prevention of obesity related chronic diseases. To measure the nutrition literacy level of university students using the Turkish version of Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale (ANLS). We evaluated their food habits using the Adolescent Food Habit Checklist (AFHC) tool and analysed it, if the eating habits were affected by nutrition literacy level. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on randomly selected 276 students studying in the Faculty of Health Sciences of Istanbul Aydin University, Turkey. Data was collected by means of ANLS and AFHC tools by face to face interview method. SPSS statistical sofware (IBM SPSS Statistics 19) was used to analyse the obtained data. RESULTS: Participants comprised of 47.1% males and 52.9% females with mean age of $20.0{\pm}1.60years$. Mean body mass index (BMI) was determined as $22.4{\pm}3.76$ ($23.6{\pm}3.63$ males $21.3{\pm}3.57$ females). Functional, interactive and critical nutritional literacy scores for male participants were $22.49{\pm}5.71$, $17.45{\pm}4.84$, and $28.28{\pm}7.13$ respectively (total $64.98{\pm}10.15$). For females the values were $24.66{\pm}5.13$, $20.17{\pm}4.28$, and $32.20{\pm}5.65$ (total $69.72{\pm}8.59$) respectively. For all the three sub-categories of nutrition literacy, the scores acquired by females were significantly higher than males (P < 0.001). In the AFHC tool, the mean score acquired by males were $9.26{\pm}4.18$ whereas for females it was $10.37{\pm}3.40$ significantly higher as compared to males (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: The food habits of female participants were better than males; in accordance with their nutrition literacy status. It may be concluded that food habits are influenced by nutrition literacy and therefore stress much be given to increase the nutrition awareness among children youth as well as adults.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.121-130
• /
• 2019

Automobile insurance medical expenses increased by 12% in year 2015 compared to year 2014. But the oriental medical service expenses in automobile insurance increased by 36% during the same period. In this paper the reason for the rapid increase of expenses for oriental medical service was analyzed using the method of decomposing medical expenses. As a result of analyzing 34,351,120 cases that were examined and completed during the period of 2014~2015, the number of oriental medicine patients increased by 27% and the medical expense per patient increased by 7%. The result of analysis showed that there was no significant change in service period per patient but medical expense per day increased by 7%. The increase in the number of patients receiving only oriental medical services was 32%. Increase in the number of patients receiving medical treatment and oriental medical services was 24% and the number of patients receiving medical treatment only decreased by 4%. There was significant increase in non standardized cost of oriental physical therapy which was one reason of the increase of the expenses. However, the most influential factor of the increase in the expenses of oriental medical services was the increase of the number of patients.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.107 no.4
• /
• pp.402-411
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to develop ingrowth estimation equations on Pinus densiflora found in Gangwon Province and in the center of Korean Peninsula, based on the National Forest Inventory (NFI)'s permanent sampling plot data. For this study, identical sampling plots in $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ NFI data were collected in order to identify ingrowth amounts for the last 5 years. Following two-stage approaches in developing the ingrowth estimation equations, the logistic regression model was used in the first stage to estimate the ingrowth probability. In the second stage, regression analysis on sampling plots with ingrowth occurrence was used to estimate the ingrowth amount. A candidate model was finally selected as an optimal model after a verification based on three evaluation statistics which include mean difference (MD), standard deviation of difference (SDD) and standard error of difference (SED). In results, a logistic regression model based on the number of sampling plot which did not result in ingrowth (model VI), was selected for an ingrowth probability estimation equation and exponential function including the species composition (SC) variable was optimal for an ingrowth estimation equation (model VII). The ingrowth estimation equations developed in this study also evaluated the estimation ability in various forest stand conditions, and no particular issue in fitness or applicability was observed.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.777-800
• /
• 2012

This paper aims to estimate the effects of environmental variables on volunteering among older persons and decide relationships between independent and dependent variables. The thesis conceptually points out that the integrated theory of resources too much emphasizes the important roles of human, social and cultural capital, but overlooks the influences of ecological environments in explaining volunteering among the older persons. And the thesis tries to apply the general ecological theory of aging to explaining volunteering of older people together with resource frameworks, and to estimate the effects of ecological environment variables on volunteerism for senior citizens. Using a micro data of 2009 National Social Survey by Statistics Korea, the paper screens out 10,268 subjects who are believed to socially retire and be above 55 years older. The multiple OLS regression and binomial logistic regression techniques are used to estimate the effects of ecological environments and resources on volunteering. The analysis results show that all of environmental and resource variables are related to volunteering at the level of p<.000. This means that environmental variables have independent effects on the volunteerism, controlling for resource variables. This results suggest that both theories have empirical evidences in explaining volunteerism in Korea. Also, at the end of paper, theoretical and policy implications for practices and future studies are discussed.