• 과학교육연구지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.148-164
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• 2018

본 연구는 중학교 3학년 남학생들을 대상으로 성교육 프로그램을 개발 적용하여 그 효과성을 살펴보았다. 성교육 프로그램은 중학교 3학년 과학 '생식과 발생' 단원과 연계하여 생식기관의 구조와 기능, 수정과 생명의 소중함, 낙태, 사람의 발생 과정, 성병과 에이즈, 성적 행동에 있어 자기결정의 중요성과 그 책임을 주제로 총 7차시로 개발되었다. 총 90명의 학생들이 참여하였으며, 실험집단에게는 성교육 프로그램을 적용하였고 통제집단에게는 교과서의 탐구와 읽기자료를 활용하여 강의를 통한 전통적 수업을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 사후검사에서 실험집단 학생들은 통제집단에 비해 성지식에 대한 점수가 통계적으로 유의미하게 높았다. 특히 실험집단 학생들은 성지식 검사도구의 하위 영역 중 임신 및 출산, 성건강 영역에서 통제집단에 비해 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 반면, 수업처치 후 사후검사에서 실험집단과 통제집단의 성태도에는 차이가 없었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 실험집단 학생들은 성태도 하위 영역 중 '자기결정과 선택', '이성과 사랑'에서 통제집단에 비해 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 또한, 피어슨 상관관계 조사 결과, 성태도는 성지식과 정적 상관관계를 나타냈으며, 성태도와 가장 강한 상관관계를 나타낸 것은 '자기결정과 선택'이었다. 중학교 과학의 생식과 발생 단원과 연계한 성교육 프로그램을 통해 중학생들이 올바른 성지식과 성태도를 함양할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.125-139
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• 1993

Korea has successfully achieved a lowered fertility level owing to the strong population control policy and effective family planning program. Along with fertility decline and decreased number of children in family, average number of household members has decreased and nontraditional households such as one person household and households composed of unrelated individuals have prolifirated, even though the absolute number of them are found minimal in Korea. However in recent years several data and survey results suggest that one person households are gradually in the increasing trend. The study aimed at investigating the real state of one person households in Korea and next analyzing the proportional distribution of one person households by a few socioeconomic characteristics, thus providing basic for eatablishing far-singhted population and social welfare policy in the future. Korea has experienced high growth rate of economy through government-led development plans starting from the 1960s. During the past three decades, Korea has shifted from the agricultural state to the industrialized one. In compliance with the economic growth, urbanization and industrialization have brought about rural-to-urban migration and a great bulk of young population migrated to urban areas, who are seeking for educational and job opportunities. Korean society has also been under drastic change in every aspect of life involving norms, tradition, and attitude, etc. Therefore, in spite of the prejudice on 'living alone' still remaining, young people gradually leave parents and home, and further form nontraditional households in urban areas. Current increase in the number of one person households is partly attributable to the increase in high female educational attainment and female participation in economic activities. As the industrial structure in Korea changes from primary into secondary and tertiary industries, job opportunities for service/sales and manufacturing are opened to young female labor force in the process of industrialization. Contrary to the formation of one person households by young people, the aged single households are composed when children in family leave one by one because of marriage, education, employment. In particular, a higher proportion of aged female single households occur in rural areas due to the mortality difference by sex. Based on the data released form the 1990 Population and Housing Census and National Fertility and Family Health Survey in 1985 and 1991, the study tried to examine the state of one person households in Korea. According to Census data, the number of one person households increased to 1, 021, 000 in 1990, comprising 9.0 percent of total households. And the survey reveal that among total 11, 540 households, 8.0 percent, 923 households, are composed of one person households. Generally, the proportion of female single households is greater than that of male ones, and a big proportion of one person households is concentrated in the 25-34 age bracket in urban areas and 65 years and more in rural areas. It is shown than one person householders in urban areas have higher educational attainment with 59.2 percent high schooling and over in 1991, Job seeking proved to be the main reason for leaving home and forming one person households. The number of young female single households with higher education and economic self-reliance are found nil and the study did not allow to analyze the causal realtionship between female education and employment and one person household formation. However more research and deep analysis on the causal facors on one person household formation using statistical method are believed to be necessary.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권5호
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• pp.241-280
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• 2007

This study examines the relationship of the industry-specific factors that effect innovation of manufacturing technology and the market share within the defense industry. Since the establishment of the basic defense industry framework in 1973, there were numerous interactions of the industry-specific factors of the defense industry structure with the technological innovation and market organization of the defense industry. During last three decades, the domestic defense industry has achieved the considerable level but the framework of the basic system has not developed much in areas of the military science and the defense manufacturing technology. Industry-specific factors were formed in the process and appeared in a variety of behavioral characteristics as subsystems. Currently, there IS a growing trend where the management of defense industry is gradually deteriorating due to limitation of the domestic industry-specific factor (e.g. defense technologies, amount of demand, etc.). If there is a prominent imbalance of the industry-specific factors. it can trigger the potential problem of conflict, lack of cooperation and control, slowing the growth of the manufacturing technology thereby diminishing the market and deteriorating the defense supply/demand relationship. In a research conducted by Joe S. Bain, Bain analyzed the relationship of the traditional industrial organization where industry-specific factor(S) not only impacts the conductor(C). And, conductor(C) influences the shaping of the performance(P) of relationship of the traditional industrial organization. Consequently, the researcher has identified the demand monopoly, barriers to entry, and market competition with comparison of defense industry issues. These defense issues were three industry-specific factors identified, which are 1) The demand monopoly and The entry barriers to new market competition, 2) the industrial technical factor to a production technical competitiveness and a market sharing competitiveness, 3) the probability factor to revolution for military affairs(RMA) and a R&D production. According to baseline with these factors, the following research model is established from the special companies group(Group A), the systematization companies group(Group B), and the general companies group(Group 0. The hypothesis is that if there are more industry-specific factors, then there will be more relationships of defense industry relation statutes. This research is an empirical study on the relationship that the industry specific factors effects the innovation of manufacturing technology and the shaping of the market in the defense industry. Moreover, the existing models to evaluate the industry specific factors of the defense industry IS much to be desired with the controlled statistical analysis of the result. It is vital to study on current situation with suggesting alternative strategy to the efficient strategy. The descriptive analysis approach analysis is conducted with SPSSWIN to conduct reliability test, factor analysis, correlation analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. However, there were some limitations of the survey such as the rigidity of concept about the technical factors and various market management factors. The wishes is that the decision-maker could be utilized these defence industrial factors to formulate efficient defence policy and strategy in the future.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2020

PURPOSE. The aim was to evaluate the effect of four acidic beverages on the roughness (Ra) and color change (ΔE_ab) of two brands of artificial teeth and a heat-polymerized acrylic resin (HPAR) for use in a prosthetic base. MATERIALS AND METHODS. All materials were divided into 5 groups, according to the used acidic beverage (artificial saliva - control, red wine, orange juice, coke-based, and lemon juice-based soft drink). The immersion process was divided into two stages: T1 - immersion in the acidic solutions for 10 minutes for 14 days; T2 - after T1, the samples were immersed in grape juice for 14 days. The Ra of the samples was evaluated in a rugosimeter and the ΔE_ab in a spectrophotometer, before and after the immersions. The analysis of variance of one (ΔE_ab) and two factors (Ra) and Tukey were performed (α=.05). RESULTS. There was a statistical difference for roughness after immersion (T1) for Trilux and Tritone teeth, regardless of the acid solution. For Trilux teeth, all acid solutions increased Ra (P<.05). For Tritone teeth, only the coke-based soft drink did not statistically change Ra. Grape juice (T2) altered Ra only of artificial teeth (P<.05). The color was changed for all materials, after T1 and T2. CONCLUSION. In general, the acidic solutions changed the Ra and ΔE_ab of HPAR and artificial teeth after T1. The grape juice altered the roughness only of the artificial teeth, promoting a clinically acceptable color change in the materials.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.185-203
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• 2016

본 연구는 컨설팅 완성도, 업무효율성 등 컨설팅 성과가 재무적 및 비재무적 성과로 분류된 조직성과 간의 인과관계에서 조직지원의 조절역할을 탐색하고자 서울 경기 인천 지역의 중소기업을 대상으로 SPSS 20.0, AMOS 20,0 통계프로그램을 사용하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과 컨설팅성과는 조직성과에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히, 컨설팅 성과가 높으면 높을수록 조직성과는 높은 것으로 나타내었다. 또한 컨설팅성과는 재무적 성과와 비재무적 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타내었다. 업무효율성 변수가 비재무적 성과 변수의 고객만족에 유의한 영향관계를 나타내지 않았으나, 컨설팅 완상도, 업무 효율성 성과가 높으면 높을수록 재무적 성과와 고객만족, 프로세스 개선, 인적관리 향상의 비재무적 성과에 긍정적인 영향관계를 미치는 것으로 나타냈다. 조직지원이 컨설팅 성과와 조직성과인 재무적 관점의 성과와 비재무적 관점의 성과 간의 관계에서 부분적인 조절효과를 나타났는데, 이러한 결과는 기업에서 상사의 역할이 얼마나 중요한지를 확인할 수 있어 학술적 및 실용적 의미는 높다고 판단된다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 국제공항의 주요 서비스 항목별 중요도(importance), 이용자의 지각수준(perceived level), 다양한 평가방법(complex index)등을 활용한 주관적 및 객관적 측정 척도를 개발하고자 하며 공항서비스 질에 대한 기준 설정, 주요개선 사항의 발견 및 조치평가 등을 체계적으로 할 수 있는 내부관리용 옴니버스 모니터링 시스템 (OMS : Omnibus Monitoring System)의 개발이다. 이는 국제공항의 주요 서비스 평가를 위한 계량적 분석 도구의 개발과 2차 계량 지료(quantitative Secondary data)활용, 공항이용자에 대한 설문으로 지각된 자료(perceived data)분석, 자료수집-입력-분석 과정의 시스템화, 결과물의 그래픽화에 따른 데이터이미지화, 서비스인카운터(service encounter)계획 및 통제 기능 부여, 국제적 기준을 최저로 경쟁력을 확보하려는 것이다. 또한, 지표의 개발을 위해서 기존의 외국문헌 및 국제공항의 실사에 기초한 사전조사 계획의 수립과 실행이 중요하기에 준비된 사전조사의 결과를 토대로 출국자, 입국자, 상주근문자 등의 주관적 측정정도를 개발하고 보완적인 수단으로써 객관적 지표의 연구가 동시에 이루어졌다. 이러한 절차로 개발된 평가척도의 신뢰성 및 타당성을 실증적, 통계적으로 확보하고, 공항 서비스 척도의 효율적인 운영을 위한 소프트웨어 시스템을 개발함으로써 정규, 비정규적인 공항서비스의 모니터링이 가능하도록 연구가 진행되었다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2015

Purpose - Despite the structural irrationality of multi-level transportation and the oil price rise, the domestic freight transportation market continues to grow, mirroring the rise in e-commerce and resultant increase in courier services and freight volumes. Several studies on courier services have been conducted. However, few studies or statistics have been published regarding regular freight services although they have played a role in the freight service market. The present study identifies the characteristics of regular freight service users to seek competitiveness enhancement measures specific to regular freight services. Research design, data, and methodology - IPA is a comparative analysis of the relative importance of and satisfaction with each attribute simultaneously. This study used IPA because it facilitates the process of analyzing importance and performance, deriving implications and a visual understanding of results. To enhance the competitiveness of regular freight services, this study surveyed its current users regarding the importance of the regular freight service factors. A total of 200 copies of a questionnaire were circulated and 190 copies were returned. In addition to demographics, respondents answered questions about the importance of and satisfaction with services on a 5-point Likert scale. Excluding 3 inappropriate copies, 187 out of 190 copies were analyzed. PASW Statistics 18 was used for statistical analysis. A total of 20 question items were selected for the service factors presented in the questionnaire based on the 1st pilot survey and previous studies. Results - According to the IPA performed to compare the importance of and satisfaction with service factors, both importance and satisfaction are high in the 1st quadrant, which involves the economic advantage of using regular freight services, quick arrival at destinations, weight freight handling, and less time constraints on freight receipt/dispatch. This area requires continuous management. Satisfaction is higher than importance in the 2nd quadrant, which involves the adequacy of freight, cost savings over ordinary courier services, notification on freight arrival, and freight tracking information. This area requires intensive investment and management. Satisfaction is lower than importance in the 3rd quadrant, involving the credit card payment system, courier delivery service, distance to freight handling sites, easy access to freight handling sites, and prompt problem solving. This area requires further intensive management. Both importance and satisfaction are low in the 4th quadrant, involving the availability of collection service, storage space at freight handling sites, kindness of collection/delivery staff, kindness of outlet staff, and easy delivery checks. This area is a set of variables should be excluded from priority control targets. Conclusions - Based on the IPA, service factors that need priority controls because of high importance and low satisfaction include the credit card payment system, delivery service, distance to freight handling sites, easy access to freight handling sites, and prompt problem solving. The findings need to be applied to future marketing strategies for regular freight services and for developing competitiveness enhancement programs.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.390-408
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• 2019

Objectives: Several pattern diagnosis questionnaires have been developed to objectify the process of pattern diagnosis in Korean medicine. In this context, this study aimed to develop a food retention questionnaire for functional dyspepsia (FRQ-FD) by modifying the previously developed food retention questionnaire (FRQ) and to verify its reliability and validity. Furthermore, this study aimed to identify the optimal cut-off value of the FRQ-FD for standardization and use in clinical situations. Methods: To develop the FRQ-FD, we extracted the major symptoms of food retention pattern for functional dyspepsia from Chinese/Korean medicine textbooks and requested an importance survey from experts using the Delphi method. The first draft of the FRQ-FD was composed of 25 questions comprising 8 questions from the textbooks and the Delphi method and 17 questions from the FRQ already developed in 2013. To analyze its reliability, validity, and optimal cut-off value, 60 subjects were enrolled in this study from June 25 to August 13, 2018. Thirty patients were diagnosed as both functional dyspepsia and food retention pattern, and 30 healthy participants were not. All participants were requested to fill up the FRQ-FD, Stomach Qi Deficiency Questionnaire (SQDQ), Scale for Stomach Qi Deficiency pattern (SSQD), visual analog scale (VAS) for dyspepsia, Nepean Dyspepsia Index-Korean version (NDI-K), and functional dyspepsia-related quality of life (FD-QoL). Results: No statistically significant differences were found in sex distribution, age, and body mass index between the patient group and the control group. As five questions affected the reliability negatively and three questions affected the clinical validity negatively, we decided to exclude the eight questions upon further investigation. The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient of the revised FRQ-FD (17 items) was 0.899, and its clinical validity was verified. Construct validity was analyzed by factor analysis and produced five factors. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between the revised FRQ-FD and the other dyspepsia scales, namely, SQDQ, SSQD, VAS, NDI-K, and FD-QoL. VAS and NDI-K especially had strong positive correlations with FRQ-FD. Conclusions: The FRQ-FD developed in this study can provide fundamental reliability and validity for a pattern diagnosis questionnaire. FRQ-FD can help to diagnose food retention pattern in functional dyspepsia patients. Further studies are required to inspect several statistical factors.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.409-417
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• 2019

연구목적: 화학물질관리법이 시행된 이후 우리나라 화학사고 연도별 발생횟수 자료와 관할기관에 접수처리된 취급자의 도급자료를 활용하여 도급신고 제도 시행 이후 화학사고 감소 기여도 영향을 통계자료로 정리하여 지역별 특성, 월별 특성, 유사 업종별 상관성, 유형별, 인명피해 등을 비교분석하였다. 연구방법: 2015부터 2018년까지 4년 동안의 화학사고 통계자료와 2003년 이후 화학사고 사례와 관련 안전정보를 제공하는 화학안전정보공유시스템(Chemical Safety Clearing-house, CSC)의 자료를 활용하였다. 연구결과 결론: 유해화학물질 취급 공정을 일시 중단하여 작업을 진행하는 기간 동안에 다수의 비숙련 작업자가 작업 현장에 투입되면서 사고 발생의 위험성이 증가한다. 도급신고를 통해 사업자는 비숙련 작업자의 취급자 교육 및 개인 보호장비 착용을 통하여 화학사고 안전관리를 강화할 필요성이 있다.

• 서비스연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2022

본 연구는 의료서비스제공자의 언어·비언어커뮤니케이션이 라포를 매개하여 고객만족에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 지각된 서비스진정성을 조절 효과로 하여 라포에 미치는 영향 정도를 알아보기 위해 자가 보고식 설문 조사법을 이용한 서술적 조사 연구이다. 자료수집 기간은 2021년4월5일부터 4월30일까지 였다. 편의표본추출법을 사용하여 부산광역시 및 경상남도에 소재하고 있는 의료기관을 이용한 이용객을 대상으로 하여 자료를 수집하였으며 총 306부의 유효설문지를 통계분석 자료로 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 코딩 과정을 거쳐 IBM SPSS statistics version 25.0 및 AMOS 20.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구결과에서 의료서비스제공자의 언어·비언어커뮤니케이션이 라포를 매개하여 고객만족에 영향을 주고, 각 변수 간 관계에서 지각된 서비스진정성이 조절효과로써 작용 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 의료서비스제공자와 병원이용객 간의 상호작용에서 의료서비스제공자의 언어·비언어적 요소가 중요하고 이러한 요소가 라포와 고객만족에 영향을 미친다는 점을 고려해 볼 때 의료서비스제공자는 병원이용객에게 서비스를 할 때 언어·비언어적 요소를 충분히 고려하여 진정성 있는 태도로 임해야 하며, 의료기관에서도 종사자와 병원이용객이 의사소통을 원활히 하여 상호만족 할 수 있도록 관련 직무교육을 통해 돕도록 해야 할 것으로 판단된다.