• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.71-103
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• 2013

본 연구는 농촌지역에 거주하는 결혼이주여성의 한국생활 경험에 대한 인식을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 경기도와 인천에 거주하는 이주여성을 대상으로 자기기입 방식으로 설문조사를 하였다. 수집한 자료는 SAS(Statistical Analysis System) 활용하여 빈도분석, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차 등의 기술통계방법을 사용하였다. 연구결과에서 이주여성들의 절반이상은 자신들의 생활에 만족하고 있으며, 남편과의 만족도 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 자녀교육에 대한 인식에서 가장 어려운 점은 학습지도이며, 자녀에게 가장 필요한 지원은 기초 교과지도, 자녀교육의 문제해결 방법으로 방과 후 학교교육 활성화와 언어소통으로 나타났다. 한국생활에서 힘든 점은 언어문제이며, 차별받은 장소는 공공장소로 나타났다. 한국사회에 적응하는데 가장 필요한 도움은 언어소통, 자녀교육, 지역사회 적응의 문제가 같은 수준으로 나타났다. 자주 참여하는 모임이나 활동은 종교단체, 모국친구 모임이며, 어려울 때 의논하는 사람은 한국인, 모국인 순서로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과에 따라 농촌지역 결혼이주 여성들이 지역사회와 한국사회에 잘 적응하여 자녀들을 잘 양육할 수 있는 기틀을 지역사회와 한국사회는 제도적으로 잘 마련하며 또한 기초 프로그램을 더욱 활성화 시켜야 할 것이다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제88권3호
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• pp.389-399
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• 1999

본 연구는 개체목의 위치를 포함하는 정밀 임분조사 자료를 이용하여 임분의 3차원 공간구조 분석이 가능한 컴퓨터 프로그램의 개발을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이 프로그램은 임분의 ha당 통계량 계산 등 양적 정보뿐만 아니라 직경, 수고, 재적분포, 그리고 3차원 임분 공간구조와 수관투영도 등의 시각적 정보를 제공하는 기능을 가지고 있다. 또한 컴퓨터 상에서 가상 시업 시뮬레이션을 통해 시업후의 임분구조를 시각적으로 확인할 수 있는 기능을 포함한다. 본 연구에서 개발된 프로그램의 통계분석 부분은 SAS의 분석결과와 비교하였고, 그래픽 정보의 표현 능력은 유사한 3차원 수관도 프로그램인 TreeDraw와 비교하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에서 개발된 프로그램은 자료분석 시간이나 결과의 요약 등 실용성 측면에서 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 본 프로그램을 이용할 경우 해당 임분에 대한 적합한 조림조치와 합리적인 경영에 필요한 다양한 임분 공간정보를 얻을 수 있어 사용자의 의사결정에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.71-94
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• 2002

The food service industry has grown up without an affection of economic collapse, and its kinds are being diversified and focused on many different aspects from physical taste to many other elements such as atmosphere, service quality, sanitation and etc.. Now it appeals to even familiarity. These Facts are well ref looted to Family Restaurant which has not been very popular so far, but now it takes its space in the market, and its management system is being introduced to other countries. The purpose of this study is to see how to satisfy them to make maximum business profit, and one possibility is "incentive". To accomplish research, theoretical and practical studies have been done and surveys have taken placed for substantial studies. The subjects were limited to employees in Family Restaurant in Seoul from February 20th to March 20th, 2001. Data, reliableness, and propriety were analyzed by SAS(Statistical Analyzed System). Sampling mode was randomness, and validation mode was limited to 223 papers. The followings are the results of this analysis First, Satisfaction of incentive were made by stability, impartiality and suitability regardless difference on companies, ages, departments, and authority of an employees. Second, Satisfaction on incentive for employees in Family Restaurants were not well received. Although these necessary demand, there is not yet incentive system operation to most of business. Especially, it is not even studied on Family Restaurants. This study should have been studied on more customers and spotted employees to be objective. It is strongly recommended to do this study without limitation and further studies is considered on this subjects.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2015

PURPOSE. To identify the most frequent natural tooth colors using the Easyshade Compact (Vita -Zahnfabrik) spectrophotometer on a sample of the Spanish population according to the 3D Master System. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The middle third of the facial surface of natural maxillary central incisors was measured with an Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer (Vita Zahnfabrik) in 1361 Caucasian Spanish participants aged between 16 and 89 years. Natural tooth color was recorded using the 3D Master System nomenclature. The program used for the present descriptive statistical analysis of the results was SAS 9.1.3. RESULTS. The results show that the most frequent dental color in the total sample studied is 3M1 (7.05%), followed by the intermediate shade 1M1.5 (6.91%) and 2L1.5 (6.02%). CONCLUSION. According to the research methodology used, and taking into account the limitations of this study, it can be proposed that the most frequent color among the Spanish population is 3M1; the most common lightness group is 2; the most frequent hue group according to the 3D Master System is M and the most frequent chroma group is 1.5.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.232-271
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• 2000

The introduction of a team system to any organization is usually to improve that organizations dynamics, by increasing the proper adaptation to rapidly changing environments, by reducing approval procedures, and by promoting power authorization. In this regard, this study was carried out in an attempt to determine (1) whether or not the introduction of a team system can be as effective in hospital organizations as it has been in business organizations, and (2) what behavior factors influence such effectiveness. For the current study, questionnaires were distributed to the employees of a university hospital in Pusan. Four hundred eighty three of them(94.7%) were retrieved and analyzed through statistical processes. The three types of variables that were found to influence team effectiveness were: (1) independent variables of team organization characteristics, such as communication, organizational atmosphere, leadership and team knowledge, (2) intervening variables of team organization characteristics. such as job autonomy, technological variety, task subjectivity, task feedback and task importance, and(3) the dependent variables of team level effectiveness, such as job satisfaction and commitment to team organization. The gathered data were processed by using the 6.12 version of the statistical program SAS(Statistical Analysis System), and the reliance coefficient of those measured variables was then evaluated as an average of 0.78. The influence of team level effectiveness was analyzed by using multiple regression analysis. These differences in effectiveness were then analyzed on the basis of related mean values, while the differences among demo-sociological characteristics were analyzed by using the dispersion analysis(ANOVA) and the t-test. The results of the study can be summarized by the following. First, regarding the relationship between team organization characteristics and team level effectiveness, all of the factors including communication, organizational atmosphere, leadership and team knowledge were found to have a significant influence on effectiveness. Second, the factors of team job characteristics, such as technological variety, task importance and job autonomy, had significant effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment among the teams members. Team level effectiveness was generally high, while team job satisfaction was higher the teams organizational commitment. Third, regarding the demo-sociological characteristics, team level effectiveness was found to be higher among those who were older, who had more job experience, and who had a higher position. Comparing the differences among job types, the effectiveness was relatively higher in the fields of nursing and administration/management then in other fields. Further study should be done towards the setting of variables for characteristics of hospital organization, developing suitable methods of measurement, and researching individual level effectiveness.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.263-271
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the standard work time of dietetic staff through work sampling methodology in school flood service systems. Work measurement through work sampling methodology was conducted in five conventional, five commissary and five joint management flood service systems over two consecutive weeks in October 1999. Statistical analysis was performed on the SAS/Win 6.12 package program for Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple comparison. Observed data were satisfied with a confidence level of 95% and a confidence interval of $\pm$ 0.05. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. The actual time spent by dietetic staff members in conventional, commissary, joint-management flood servile systems was 2,394, 2,521 and 2,110 minutes per week, respectively. Transportation time of each flood service systeml and ILO allowance rate (11%) was applied. Thus, the standard work time per week of dietetic staff members in conventional, commissary, joint-management flood service systems was 2,746.14, 2,861.58 and 2,520.81 minutes, respectively. The standardized index was 1.04, 1.08 and 0.95 men in conventional, commissary, and joint-management flood service systems, respectively. Regardless of the school flood service system, those with "the duty of cooking and distribution management" had the longest labor time, while those with "duty of nutritional education" had the shortest labor time.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2001

China adopted a free market economy system and is about to enter into the WTO(World Trade Organization). It has now emerged as one of the most promising markets in the world for the near future. The purpose of this study was to investigate in Chinese and Korea women's street fashion and to suggest basic information for high quality clothing merchandising for China. The subjects in this study were 800 photos it was taken at the fashion street and college in Beijing(400) and Seoul(400). The survey was taken from December, 1999. SAS(Statistical Analysis System) is used for frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, $X^2$-test. The results of this study are as follows. Examination on the Korean and Chinese street fashion showed that Korean and Chinese have different preference for silhouette, length, and color. China has different sensibility of the items of clothing. The Chinese students prefer classical and individual Chinese street clothing. Korean student has shown very fashionable street clothing all items. It is needed to different merchandising project for clothing in China.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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• pp.823-833
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• 1996

An ultimate purpose of this study is to develop an automatic brown rice quality inspection system using image processing technique. In this study emphasis was put on developing an algorithm for discriminating the brown rice kernels depending on their external quality with a color image processing system equipped with an adaptor for magnifying the input image and optical fiber for oblique illumination. Primarily , geometrical and optical features of sample images were analyzed with unhulled paddy and various brown rice kernel samples such as sound, cracked, green-transparent , green-opaque, colored, white-opaque and brokens. Secondary, an algorithm for discrimination of the rice kernels in static state was developed on the basis of the geometrical and optical parameters screened by a statistical analysis(STEPWISE and DISCRIM Procedure, SAS ver.6). Brown rice samples could be discriminated by the algorithm developed in this study with an accuracy of 90% to 96% for the sound , cracked, colored, broken and unhulled , about 81% for the green-transparent and the white-opaque and about 75% for the green-opaque, respectively. A total computing time required for classification was about 100 seconds/1000 kernels with the PC 80486-DX2, 66MHz.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.487-495
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• 1999

The objectives of this study were to analyze customer satisfaction by operational characteristics in business & industry foodservice operated by contracted foodservice management company. The instruments were developed by reviewing literatures on customer satisfaction and by intervewing with managers, employers and customers. A total of 1000 questionnaires were hand delivered at the ten contracted foodservice operations by designated coordinators. A total of 833 questionnaires were usable; resulting in an 83.3% response rate. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS 6.04 for description, T-test, ANOVA. Overall customer satisfaction score for office building foodservice was significantly higher than those for manufacturing company foodservice. As for the type of management contracts, overall customer satisfaction score for management fee contracts was significantly higher than those for profit and loss contracts. With regard to payment method, overall customer satisfaction score for meal card was higher than those for POS system. Concerning the categories of service, overall customer satisfaction for combo-tray service was higher than those for cafeteria-tray service and partially self-service. As for types of menus, the score of overall customer satisfaction was not significantly different between cafeteria menu and double choice menu.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.33-42
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• 1996

In recent years there has been a significant growth in the use of the automated and/or robotic welding system, carried out as a means of improving productivity and quality, reducing product costs and removing the operator from tedious and potentially hazardous environments. One of the major difficulties with the automated and/or robotic welding process is the inherent lack of mathematical models for determination of suitable welding process parameters. Partial-penetration, single-pass bead-on-plate welds were fabricated in 12mm AS 1204 mild steel flats employing five different welding process parameters. The experimental results were used to develop three empirical equations: curvilinear; polynomial; and linear equations. The results were also employed to find the best mathematical equation under weld bend width to assist in the process control algorithms for the Gas Metal Arc Welding(GMAW) process and to correlate welding process parameters with weld bead width of bead-on-plates deposited. With the help of a standard statistical package program. SAS, multipe regression analysis was undertaken for investigating and modeling the GMAW process, and significance test techniques were applied for the interpretation of the experimental data.