• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

Objectives: The present system of occupational safety and health law gives priority to traditional command and control regulations. However, this may give rise to problems such as the delay of standard-setting and shortages of human resources. The aim of this study is to examine the usability of private standards in occupational safety and health systems. Materials: After the limits of occupational safety and health law were examined, an application plan for private norms (EN, as enforced in the EU) and occupational safety and health management systems (OSHMS) was investigated. Results: The utilization of private norms and OSHMS may address the limits of the current legal system. In particular, OSHMS is known internationally as a measure for achieving improvements in overall occupational safety and health performance. As a result, occupational safety and health law and private norms/OSHMS are complementary to one another. Conclusions: Even though the utilization of private standards may give rise to legal questions, such standards as complementary measures to traditional command and control regulations need to be utilized progressively in occupational safety and health systems.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2015

To produce well-qualified medical doctors, clinical training is a crucial part of medical education. To this end, teaching hospitals should be carefully selected and professionally managed. However, in Korea, there are no regulations or standards for training hospitals. Instead, some of the regulations that target teaching interns and residents are applied to teaching hospitals. In this study, we reviewed standards and regulations for training hospitals in other countries as a basis for proposing new standards for teaching hospitals in Korea. These new standards take into account the current environment of Korean medicine with the aim of designing appropriate educational programs for students and professional development systems for professors as well as providing educational resources and addressing the local community and international exchange opportunities.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.260-267
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to investigate drug classification system in Korea and other developed countries. Laws and regulations of Korea regarding the system were retrieved from sources posted in Ministry of Government Legislation. We also reviewed previous research reports performed as part of government's effort to reform the system The system in the foreign countries was retrieved from the official homepage operated by each country's government. There have been two research funded by Korean government, which strongly suggested that the system should be reformed. However, we found that the system was never reformed and still effective. Drug classification system in US and most western countries consists of two categories, i.e., prescription drugs and non-prescription drugs except UK, which classifies into three categories: Prescription Only Medicines, Pharmacy Medicines, and General Sales List Medicines. Interestingly, in Japan, non-prescription drugs are further classified into three groups: Group 1, 2, and 3. Recently, Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) in Korea proposed a plan to reclassify all the approved drugs according to purportedly rational and scientific criteria. However, the plan does not include reform of the existing laws and regulations, which appears that it is just one-time action rather than a sustainable administration backed up by law. Therefore, it is recommended that Korean MOHW take appropriate action on laws and regulations with regard to the system to meet global harmonization standard.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.606-611
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• 2013

In responding to the recent framework convention on climate change, and the rise of the need for energy efficient buildings, such as Zero Energy Buildings (ZEB), domestic insulation standards and energy conservation regulations are being reinforced, to prevent heat loss. Accordingly, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport have made amendments in Chapter 21 "Enforcement regulations for building facilities standards etc.", and Chapter 22 "Energy conservation standard", to reflect these changes. To effectively implement these regulations, it is required to propose air-tightness test methods, and establish air-tightness standards, based on the air leakage characteristics of domestic apartment housings. This research has been done primarily to collect basic technical data, to provide guidance for the establishment of domestic air-tightness standards for new apartment housing, through studying air-tightness test methods, field measurement on air-tightness of new apartment housings, and air leakage characteristics of major developed countries.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 2014

Advanced Safety Management System(SMS) of Korea Railroad Corporation for risk management should be established applying contents-centered domestic standard according to Railway Safety Act and process-centered international standards suggested by Lloyd's Register Company. Besides, laws, regulations, guidelines and manuals which are optimized for each sector should be systematically integrated to strengthen the consistency of SMS of KORAIL. New safety regulations and guidelines for safety management/train operations/maintenance should be established according to the safety policy of KORAIL to boost effective field work by regulations, guidelines, manuals, etc. The advanced Safety Management System will lead KORAIL as a competent global enterprise with its boosted reputation in the international railway market.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.4
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• pp.611-629
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• 2000

In the legislation interpretation and fundamental viewpoint about the legal system of insider trading, Japan strictly legislate under the proposition, the principle of 'nulla poena,' adopted 'the principle of limited enumeration,' and United states, under 'the principle of comprehension,' has entrusted courts with establishment of concrete concepts and standard, so the courts are very flexible in determining the range of insiders and the importance of inside information to show a strong will to eradicate insider trading. Korea has a legislative position of 'the principle of limited indication' which has been created by the negotiation between those principles of United states and Japan. Though this court has interpreted insider trading, insider trading using non-disclosed information has increased lately, needing the strengthening of its regulations. However, this shows us that sophisticate the regulations may be, the exposure of insider trading has limitations. The most important thing is to change recognition for transparency of the securities market, security of investors and to establish the atmosphere which is that fair stock trading made in a sound capital market to raise funds for corporation. The policies of improving unfair trading, self-regulation bodies, raising the transparency and legality of procedures of supervision and monitoring and applying 'compliance program' to stock companies are very needed to eliminate unfair trading in the securities market and establish the order of trading.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.47-58
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• 2015

An aircraft, its engine and propeller are certified in processes of design, production, and operation respectively. Type Certificate is issued if the aviation authority finds that the design of aircraft, engine, or propeller complies with applicable airworthiness standards and environmental standards. The ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) prescribes the international standards and recommended practices of type certification for the contracting states. The FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) and the EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency) established their regulations and procedures applicable to type certification. In this paper, we compared the differences among the ICAO, the FAA, and the EASA regulations, and on this comparison, we proposed the rulemaking items to improve type certification regulations in Korea.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2018

Despite the increasingly stringent automotive emissions regulations, the impact of vehicle emissions on air pollution remains large. In addition, since the issue of emission of more exhaust gas than the exhaust gas measured in the test room when the vehicle passing the exhaust gas regulation standard is run on the actual road, many countries studied and introduced gas regulations about Real Driving Emission using Portable Emission Measurement System. At present, Korea regulations restrict the number of NOx and PN in diesel vehicles. In the case of gasoline vehicles, there is no regulation on emission gas, but there is a problem of continuing automobile exhaust gas problems and a large amount of gasoline GDI vehicle's PN emission. So research and interest are increasing due to this problem. In this study, characteristics of exhaust gas depending on changes of ambient temperature were analyzed among various factors affecting exhaust gas measurement of gasoline vehicles. As a result, at the low temperature test, the lower the ambient temperature, the more the exhaust gas was emitted. At ordinary temperature test, no specific tendency was observed due to changes of ambient temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.550-555
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• 2011

The road traffic noise has emerged major noise as the overcrowding of the urban population and the explosion of car storage capacity. There are limits for establishing the measures to meet noise standard because of the increase of high-rise building and insufficient distance between residential areas and road in urban center areas. Therefore, this study analyze the problem of the application of national road noise standard, and present the alternatives to achieve environmental standards in conjunction with the soundproofing measures. To reduce the population ratio exposed to road noise on seoul motorway, we suggest some action plane are as follows: i) Roadside noise standard of nighttime beside daytime is the first noise reduction goals ii) Noise standard of Noise and vibration control act is priority in case of existing area iii) Noise standard of basic environmental policy act is priority in case of new area.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.111-124
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• 2009

The importance of information media in personal lives has increased rapidly, indicating the average ages of users are becoming younger. School-age children, despite the inconsequential differences, are reported to have used the internet for their free time, information search, communications, and education. Recent researches are focused on various variables affecting internet-addictions since these problems have become a major issue in education due to prolonged use of the internet or mobile. The regulations as a preventative measure and the setting of standard are also considered as major issues of research. In terms of policy, there should be revisions on laws and regulations about the internet and mobile in order to protect school-age children from vicious environments. For the education's part, there should be appropriate amount of education, for children and their parents, on how to use computers and the internet properly and how to prevent internet-addiction.