• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.8B
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• pp.1188-1196
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• 2010

In this paper, worldwide standards and regulations on in-band/out-of-band emission characteristics of DMB broadcasting equipments are reviewed, and emission mask requirements of terrestrial low power DMB repeater under 10mW/MHz are analyzed. Out-of-band emission mask drafts suitable for single/multiple block low power repeaters are proposed. Validity and usefulness of the proposed drafts is evaluated and verified in the several experiments. Using the proposed standard, small-sized and cost-effective DMB repeater can be easily implemented to broaden DMB broadcasting coverage by reducing weak signal areas.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.23-40
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• 2018

In order to reduce the spread of illegal digital contents, many studies have been focusing on how to stop it through laws and regulations. Only few of the studies tried to explain the illegal behaviors from individual's viewpoints. This paper aims to examine the intention of sharing illegal digital contents over the Internet and proposes a theoretical model based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) along with the introduction of two outcome expectations. We also argue that the individuals' cognition of online copyright will influence individuals' illegal contents sharing on the Internet. We have collected data from online survey and offline interview. By empirical study, the results support the theoretical model except the subjective norm which has no effect on individuals' behavior. This is a different finding from the previous researches revealing that the subjective norm has no effect on individuals' unethical actions. Overall, the findings provide strong confirmation that attitude, self-efficacy and outcome expectations impact on individual's intention of sharing illegal contents. In addition, this study proposed an improved cognition of online copyright through education and standard of new media management will reduce illegal contents sharing on Internet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.42-47
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• 2014

This paper is aimed to investigate and analyze of characteristic for electrical equipment and work environment for the small-scale site. In order to investigate and analyze electrical equipment and work environment for preventing electric shock disaster in construction sites, 50 small-scale construction sites and 12 large-scale construction sites are selected. This paper completed site investigations of low-voltage equipment and the portable electric machine and equipment in 12 large-scale construction sites and 50 small-scale construction sites. The findings were about the electric shock environment relevant to the ground-relevant equipment, the panel board, the protection tools, the sockets, the temporary wiring system, the portable and movable electric machines and equipments in small-scale construction sites. Finally, this study analyzed the domestic and foreign relevant standards and regulations and these findings can be utilized as educational data warning electric shock risk caused by electric equipment in small-scale construction site.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Decrease in Population and graying of rural area by industrialization and urbanization are gone continuously. This makes happened various rural problems and the differential of standard of living with is arising day by day. Government is unfolding rural supporting project to solve continuously these problems. Recent Projects which are choosing not top-down process by government leading but bottom-up process through village inhabitants' participation and expert consultant get positive estimation. But those have difficulties because the support is attained only in the beginning step not continuously and inhabitants' number by graying is decreasing. The Special Economic Zone for Regional Development Policy is new access that regulation can differ according to special quality of each area depending on Localization Age. Through this transfer the competence that can mitigate or reinforce various regulations according to special quality of area in local government. So, back and maintain activation systematically so that each area could be developed specially. The purpose of The Special Economic Zone for Regional Development Policy is the activation of regional economy through development that regional specific character is. And there is characteristic that local government plans and takes the lead in all project contents, government gives regulation benefit by appointing the special economic zone and do not support finance and various tax remissions. Through investigation of such new policy, I wish to recognize what long-term plan and method could be possible to success rural activation continuously.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07c
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• pp.2019-2021
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• 2005

This paper describes the cut off time and the current characteristics of virgin RCDs and deteriorated ones in the seashore. The RCDs(Residual Current Protective Devices) are used for protecting the human body from electrical shock and for preventing facility accidents. According to the Korean standards, the RCDs are installed in panel boards. When RCDs are installed outside, they must be enclosed inside waterproof cases. In the case that RCOs are employed at temporary power sites and electrical facilities on the road, they are exposed to the external environment. As a result, the RCDs deteriorated in the seashore for 3 months showed high failure rate, while the virgin RCDs all complied with Korean Standard. Considering that the RCDs are used under exposed condition outside, the reliance of RCDs must be ensured by modifying the related regulations and codes and by developing Improved models advanced in their performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.74-80
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• 2007

In manufacturing industry, machining technology for metal cutting processes has been considered traditional and economic dimensions such as production cost, production time and quality of a final product. However, owing to governmental regulations and the change of owner's cognizance, the safety of the workers becomes important in those fields. In this paper, the operation planning system developed as a key component of CAPP(Computer Aided Process Planning) system is introduced for milling operations. The main issue in the system is to determine the cutting conditions in achieving a balanced consideration of productivity and worker's safety. For this reason, the system performs the modification process of standard cutting conditions to satisfy those requirements. Related to machining safety in metal cutting, representative and habitual mistakes that operators perform without considering carefully the characteristic of machine or work piece are described and then the detailed algorithm and functions of the developed system is introduced and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.76-83
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• 2008

In the course of increasing in human and material damage caused by fire, it is an important research field to develop clean extinguishing agent which does no harm to global environment as well as has a good extinguishing efficiency. This research is a basic step to develop a new clean extinguishing agent. In order to get a satisfactory result, we tested fire extinguishing ability using nitrogen and Novec mixtures gas which are inert gas and new clean extinguishing agent. We used Cup Burner Test made by international standard ISO-14520 regulations of gaseous extinguishing agent ability test, and the fuels used in the test are n-heptane, methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol and 1-butanol. The experimental results of flame extinguishing concentration are n-heptane 6.54%, methanol 8.47%, ethanol 6.98%, isopropanol 6.10% and butanol 6.54% by pure Novec agent. So the finding is that a new clean agent, Novec has an efficient extinguishing ability in a state of gas. Also, in a test as to mixtures gas of nitrogen and Novec, it has a good result for minimum oxygen concentration is under 16%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.86-94
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• 2020

Portable ladders are normally used both as an access tool for ascending and descending and as a platform for high place work. Though convenient, such usages make the portable ladders vulnerable to fall accidents. For this reason, many safety systems such as regulations and certifications are implemented to prevent fall accidents of portable ladders. However, nevertheless of those safety systems in Korea, annual death tolls of ladder fall accidents has remained high, and which suggests modification and improvement of the portable ladder related safety systems in Korea. The aim of this study is to propose directions for improving safety systems to effectively prevent fall accidents of portable ladders. To this end, comparative analysis on safety systems implemented in Korea and other countries including Japan, USA and UK are conducted to investigate the problems of Korean safety systems. Based on the analysis, limitations of Korean safety systems to prevent ladder fall accidents are discussed and tasks to overcome the limitations are proposed. Once implemented, the proposed tasks would contribute to prevent ladder fall accidents effectively.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.264-268
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• 2016

Recently, various energy efficiency optimization activities are ongoing globally by integrating conventional grids with ICT (Information and Communication Technology). In this sense, various smart grid projects, which power suppliers and consumers exchange useful informations bilaterally in real time, have been being carried out. The electric vehicle diffusion program is one of the projects and it has been spotlighted because it could resolve green gas problem, fuel economy and tightening environmental regulations. In this paper, the economics of V2G system which consists of electric vehicles and the charging infrastructure is evaluated comparing electric vehicles for V2G with common electric vehicles. Additional benefits of V2G are analyzed in the viewpoint of load leveling, frequency regulation and operation reserve. To find this benefit, electricity sales is modeled mathematically considering depth of discharge, maximum capacity reduction, etc. Benefit and cost analysis methods with the modeling are proposed to decide whether the introduction of V2G systems. Additionally, the methods will contribute to derive the future production and the unit cost of electric vehicle and battery and to get the technical and economic analysis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.273-282
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• 2021

Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly, resulting in a pandemic. The virus enters host cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2). These enzymes are widely expressed in reproductive organs; hence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could also impact human reproduction. Current evidence suggests that sperm cells may provide an inadequate environment for the virus to penetrate and spread. Oocytes within antral follicles are surrounded by cumulus cells, which rarely express ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Thus, the possibility of transmission of the virus through sexual intercourse and assisted reproductive techniques seems unlikely. Early human embryos express coronavirus entry receptors and proteases, implying that human embryos are potentially vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 in the early stages of development. Data on the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the human endometrium are sparse. Moreover, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 directly affects the embryo and its implantation. A study of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy showed an increase in preterm delivery. Thus, vertical transmission of the virus from mother to fetus in the third trimester is possible, and further data on human reproduction are required to establish this possibility. Based on analyses of existing data, major organizations in this field have published guidelines on the treatment of infertility. Regarding these guidelines, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, reproductive treatment is crucial for the well-being of society and must be continued under suitable regulations and good standard laboratory practice protocols.