• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.746-754
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• 1996

목적: 미만성 간질성 폐질환은 공통의 임상 양상, 방사선 소견, 폐기능 장애 소견을 갖는, 무수히 많은 원인 질환들로 구성되어 있어 개흉폐생검 등의 조직학적 진단이 표준으로 받아들여지고 있지만 관혈적 진단 방법이라는 단점이 있다. 고해상도 전산화단층촬영은 해상력을 높이고 음영의 중첩 효과를 최소화함으로써 폐간질의 미세한 변화까지 관찰할 수 있게 하겨 미만성 간질성 폐질환의 진단에 매우 유용한 진단 방법이다. 저자들은 이런 고해상도 전산화단층촬영을 한 환자에서 개흉폐생검을 시행하여 진단 및 치료에 어느 정도의 추가 이익을 얻을 수 있었는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 1988년 3월부터 1994년 7월까지 미만성 간질성 폐질환의 진단적 목적으로 개흉폐생검을 시행한 30예의 환자들을 대상으로 후향적으로 고해상도 전산화단층촬영의 진단과 개흉폐생검외 진단 결과를 비교하고 각 환자들의 치료 방침을 조사하였다. 결과: 고해상도 전산화단층촬영은 28예에서 시행되었는데 이 중 22예(78.6%)에서 특이적 진단이 가능하였고 22예 중 20예에서는 개흉폐생검에 의해 같은 진단으로 확진되었다. 나머지 2예 중 1예는 개흉폐생검 결과가 비특이적이었다. 개흉폐생검은 전체 30예 중 25예(83.3%)에서 특이적 진단을 하였다. 또한 고해상도 전산화단층촬영으로 특이 진단이 불가능하였다. 6예 중 5 예(83.3%)에서 특이적 진단을 하였다. 전체 30예 중 단지 2예에서만 치료 방침의 결정적인 변화가 있었다. 결론: 미만성 간질성 폐질환 환자에서 고해상도 전산화단층촬영이 특이적 진단을 강력히 시사하는 경우에 개흉폐생검의 펼요성 여부에 대해서는 재검토가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.107-145
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• 2023

The first edition of 'A Standardized Pathology Report for Gastric Cancer' was initiated by the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists and published 17 years ago. Since then, significant advances have been made in the pathologic diagnosis, molecular genetics, and management of gastric cancer (GC). To reflect those changes, a committee for publishing a second edition of the report was formed within the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists. This second edition consists of two parts: standard data elements and conditional data elements. The standard data elements contain the basic pathologic findings and items necessary to predict the prognosis of GC patients, and they are adequate for routine surgical pathology service. Other diagnostic and prognostic factors relevant to adjuvant therapy, including molecular biomarkers, are classified as conditional data elements to allow each pathologist to selectively choose items appropriate to the environment in their institution. We trust that the standardized pathology report will be helpful for GC diagnosis and facilitate large-scale multidisciplinary collaborative studies.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권3호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2012

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) requires prompt and appropriate treatment. Since methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a frequent pathogen in VAP, rapid identification of it, is pivotal. Our aim was to evaluate the utility of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as a useful method for etiologic diagnoses of MRSA pneumonia. Methods: We performed qPCR for mecA, S. aureus-specific femA-SA, and S. epidermidis-specific femA-SE genes from bronchoalveolar lavage or bronchial washing samples obtained from clinically-suspected VAP. Molecular identification of MRSA was based on the presence of the mecA and femA-SA gene, with the absence of the femA-SE gene. To compensate for the experimental and clinical conditions, we spiked an internal control in the course of DNA extraction. We estimated number of colony-forming units per mL (CFU/mL) of MRSA samples through a standard curve of a serially-diluted reference MRSA strain. We compared the threshold cycle (Ct) value with the microbiologic results of MRSA. Results: We obtained the mecA gene standard curve, which showed the detection limit of the mecA gene to be 100 fg, which corresponds to a copy number of 30. We chose cut-off Ct values of 27.94 (equivalent to $1{\times}10^4$ CFU/mL) and 21.78 (equivalent to $1{\times}10^5$ CFU/mL). The sensitivity and specificity of our assay were 88.9% and 88.9% respectively, when compared with quantitative cultures. Conclusion: Our results were valuable for diagnosing and identifying pathogens involved in VAP. We believe our modified qPCR is an appropriate tool for the rapid diagnosis of clinical pathogens regarding patients in the intensive care unit.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권1호통권29호
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• pp.96-117
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• 1995

1. The Pung(風) is the necessary power for growth and maintenance of life. 2. The characteristics of the Pung(風) is the Yang evil, the features for opening and excretion, mobility and rapid change. That is the major cause of all diseases, and its mobility is the main character. 3. Jung Pung(中風) is the same concept of apoplexy in Western medicine. 4. Jung Pung(中風) is classified on the basis of pathology, anatomy, and histology in Western Medicine, but In Oriental Medicine that is classified on the basis of symptom and severity of disease. 5. In Western Medicine, Jung Pung(中風) was regarded as the local cause of disease, but in Oriental Medicine regarded as the physiological changes caused by the weakness of the whole body. 6. In the emergency care, the method of GaeKeum is compared to Levin tubing, the method of to the use of urokinase for the promotion of cerebrovascular circulatio, and the method of To(吐法) to suction for the elimination of Dam(痰), the method of Hun(熏法) to the use of solution for the improvement of circulation. 7. With the comparison of the cause and diagnosis, the hemorrhagic disease and infarction were regarded as the major agents in Western Medicine and the symptom appeared in the patient was the standard of diagnosis and therapy in Oriental Medicine. 8. In the Western therapy of cerebral hemorrhage, the method of coagulation and hemostasis was used for the elimination of hematoma and cerebral edema, but in Oriental Medicine, the method of YanghaelGiHael(凉血止血) was used for descending the PungHwa(風火) and hemostasis. 9. In the period of recovering injury, the physical therapy was underlined for the recovering of partial function in Western Medicine, the method of accupuncture and drug therapy was adapted for the normal function of the whole body.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권5호
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• pp.1124-1139
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• 2021

치매를 비롯한 퇴행성 신경 질환의 초기 진단에 자기공명영상을 이용한 뇌 위축 평가와 정량적 용적 분석이 중요하다. 뇌 위축의 시각적 평가는 주관적으로 평가자에 따라 다른 결과를 보여주기 때문에, 객관적인 결과를 제공하면서 임상 적용도 가능한 소프트웨어의 수요와 개발이 늘어나고 있다. 이러한 임상용 소프트웨어의 실제 임상 적용은 영상 검사의 표준화가 선행되어야 하고, 개발된 소프트웨어의 검증이 반드시 필요하다. 따라서 대한신경두경부영상의학회는 뇌용적 분석 임상용 소프트웨어의 임상적 활용에 대한 의견을 제시하기 위해 전문위원회를 구성하고 현재까지 발표된 연구를 정리하였다. 그리고, 정량화 분석을 위한 영상 검사의 표준화 및 소프트웨어의 임상 적용에 대한 전문가 의견을 제시하기 위하여 공동 작업을 수행하였다. 본 종설에서는 뇌 자기공명영상의 정량화 분석의 필요성 및 배경, 정량화 분석을 위한 임상용 소프트웨어의 소개 및 기존의 표준품(reference standard)과의 진단능 비교, 영상 획득의 표준화, 분석 및 평가의 표준화, 소프트웨어의 임상 적용에 대한 전문가 의견, 제한점 및 대처 방법 등 대한신경두경부영상의학회의 전문가 권고안을 소개하는 것이 목적이다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제13권2호통권20호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2007

Background and Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate that which symptoms are adequate indicator of the Dampness-Phlegm pattern in the stroke patients. Methods : In the time period Jul. 2005 to Sep. 2006, 136 patients with a first-ever stroke admitted in the department of Internal Medicine of Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital in Daejeon city, Wonkwang Oriental Medical Hospital in Iksan, JeonJu city were included. Patients were hospitalized within 3 months after the onset of stroke. Stroke patients had been interviewed by resident who studied standard operation procedures in Fundamental Study for Standardization and Objectification of Differentiation and Pattern Identification of Syndrome of Oriental Medicine for Stroke. Gi-deficiency patients was confirmed by medical specialist diagnosis, resident diagnosis, case report form analysis without a dissenting voice. Results : Dampness-Phlegm group included 37 case, Non Dampness-Phlegm group 45 case out of 136 patients. white tongue coating, slippery purse, yellowish complexion, enlarged tongue, swollen tongue were higher among Dampness-Phlegm group. Dampness-Phlegm and Non Dampness-Phlegm patients do not significantly differ in heavy sensation in the head, voice with sputum, teeth printed tongue, borborygmus, dizziness with nausea. Conclusions : This study was insufficiency because sample size is very small. More data from prospective cohort studies will help to Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for the Stroke.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.759-767
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• 2014

Background Infection caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been increasing. Awareness of this infection is crucial yet problematic. Delayed management may lead to destructive results. We empirically treated a series of patients with clinical suspicion of NTM infection prior to the identification of the pathogen. Methods A total of 12 patients who developed surgical site infections between January 2011 and February 2014 were reviewed. Patients with a skin and subcutaneous infection resistant to standard management over two weeks, and previous history of aesthetic procedures within three months were regarded as highly suspected of having an NTM infection. A variety of diagnostic modalities were examined simultaneously, along with starting empirical treatment including a combination of clarithromycin and moxifloxacin, and surgical debridement. Results All wounds healed completely within 4 weeks. The mean follow-up duration was 7.2 months, and none of the patients developed relapse. Specific NTM pathogens were identified in six patients. Eight patients showed caseating granuloma implying an NTM infection. One patient showed an uncommon Stenotrophomonas infection, which was successfully treated. Three patients had no evidence of a pathogen despite repeated microbial tests. Complications such as scarring, pigmentation, and disfigurement were common in all the patients. Conclusions NTM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an unusual skin and soft-tissue infection. We propose an empirical regimen of clarithromycin and moxifloxacin as an efficient treatment option for an NTM infection.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.240-242
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• 1996

Use of electrical stimulation for diagnosis and treatment of pyhsiolgocial impairment on the auditory system was reported by many researchers since 1800. Unfortunately, there were no standard methods or theoretical bakground for choosing stimulus conditions because of the lack of understanding on the transmission of sound through the auditory pathways. Therefore, if we could find the mechanisms of normal and abnormal functions for the system objectively, it may be possible to establish the conditions for the appropriate treatment This study was devised with three experimental conditions of electrical stimulation(0.1, 1, and 10mA) to verify the effect of electrical stimulation on the auditory system. ABRs and ECochGs were obtained from 3 Guinea Pigs before and after each stimulation, and five parameters were extracted from ABR and ECochG waveforms. The results showed that the mean differences of the first peaks of ABR, I, before and after all the stimulus conditions were significant at the significant level of p<0.05. Also, amplitude of ECochGs peak(AP) showed higher degrees of differences for the electrical stimulation than that of ABRs. Based on the results of this experiment establishment of an electrical model which characterizes the auditory system could be achieved by computer simulation. This will lead to the design of most accurate model for the real auditory system, which provide the quantitive information regarding diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.555-563
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• 1996

Nationwide incidence survey was conducted to estimate the annual incidence rates of colorectal cancer among Koreans between Jan 1, 1988 and Dec 31, 1989. The population of the incidence survey was the beneficiaries of Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC), which were about 4,500,000 persons. The medical records of patients with diagnosis of either ICD-9 153(colon cancer), 154(rectal caner), 197(secondary malignant neoplasm of digestive and respiratory system), or 211(benign neoplasm of digestive system) were abstracted for the period with the standard format. The diagnosis was confirmed by one oncologist through the review of these abstracts. The numerator of the rate was finally defined as the incident colorectal cancer cases diagnosed between July 1, 1988 and June 30, 1989. The crude annual incidence of colorectal cancer for men was 13.1 per 100,000 and 10.6 for women, which was still low when compared with those of Japan and China during the same period. Age-adjusted sex ratio was 1.2 for right-sided colon cancer and 1.9 for left-sided colon cancer. The excess of right colon cancer among postmenopausal women was remarkable, so further analytical approach would be needed to investigate which factors are related with this phenomenon.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10981-10984
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• 2015

Background: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is the standard technique for diagnosis of patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Some reports have shown high prevalence of esophageal cancer in the northern part of Afghanistan. The aim of this study was to investigate epidemiological profile of esophageal cancer among patients in this region. Materials and Methods: We identified 364 consecutive patients that received EGD examinations to examine upper gastrointestinal tract at the endoscopy unit of Balkh regional Hospital from March 2012 to March 2013. The case subjects included both in-patients and out-patients aged 16 years or more. We evaluated the results retrospectively. Results: The cases consisted of 184 (51%) males and 180 (49%) females. The mean age was $47.3{\pm}17.8$ and the age range 17-88 years. Ninety two cases had esophageal cancer, out of which 58 (63.0%) were male. The mean age at time of diagnosis was $57.8{\pm}13.2years$. Uzbek-Turkmen peoples were more common among patients with esophageal cancer (52.2%). Dysphagia was the most frequent symptom among patients with esophageal cancer at the time of presentation, seen in 77 (84.8%) of cases. Conclusions: Our results showed high incidence of esophageal cancer in the northern part of Afghanistan, especially in the Uzbek-Turkmen ethnic group.