• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2003

This study was focused on comparing the knowledge, attitudes and experiences in sex and the needs for sex education of nursing students and non-nursing students. The subjects of this study were 403 female students who attended 4 universities in Busan. The data was collected from November 2002 to December, and analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard variance, t-test and Chi-square. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sex knowledge of the nursing students was 13.29 and the non-nursing students's was 11.11. There was a difference(p=0.000) between nursing and non-nursing students in sex knowledge. 2. The mean score of sex attitude of nursing and non-nursing students was 25.64, 26.65 respectively. There was no statistical difference. 3. 61.8% of the nursing students and 62.3% of the non-nursing students had experienced a relation with the opposite sex. Kissing experience was 59.9%, 61.8% and masturbation was 9.5%, 9.2% respectively. Sexual intercourse was 5.3%, 11.9% and contraception was 1.9%, 8.2% respectively. Among these experiences, sexual intercourse and contraception experience rate were different(p=0.017, p=0.002 respectively) between nursing and non-nursing students. 4. Of 19 sexual education contents, only 'the dignity of life' showed a difference. That is, more nursing students(92.9%) wanted to know about 'the dignity of life' than non-nursing students(85.7%). Among the respcndent's needs on the sexual education contents, 'Contraception' was rated first and followed by 'Sex psychology of men and women', 'Pregnancy', 'Prevention of sexual crime' and 'Sexually transmitted diseases'. Most of the respcndents(95.8%) wanted sex education introduced in the :first year of university, and presented as a special class. Specifically, 50.0% of the students wanted the education to be more realistic and systemic. With the above results, when university faculties are sexual educating to university students, they have to aware of the difference of target students. And they need to stress more realistic and specific aspect of sexual education learning rather than theoretical teaching.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2016

전 세계적으로 비만인구의 증가로 인해 경제적 부담이 확대되고 있으며, 그 원인으로 육체적 활동의 감소 및 식이관리의 실패가 손꼽히고 있다. 영양성분 및 칼로리를 기반으로 한 맞춤 식단정보 제공 시스템과는 차별적으로 본 연구는 개인 맞춤형 기능성 식품을 추천하기 위해 비만 관련 SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) 정보를 활용하였다. 본 연구를 위해 GWAS (Genome-wide association study) 분석을 수행하여 한국인 특이적인 비만 관련 SNP을 발굴하고, 이를 활용하여 유전적 정보를 입력하여 SNP genoype-phenoype 정보에 따른 맞춤 식단옴을 추천하였다. 또한 USDA (The United States Department of Agriculture) 식품 정보를 활용할 수 있도록 식품 통합 Database를 구축하여 식단 추천에 적용하였다. 그 결과, 표현형 정보 BMI (Body Mass Index)는 정상 수치를 가지고 있으나, 비만 관련 SNP 정보를 가지고 있는 샘플은 유전적 비만 위험도를 나타내어 식이관리가 필요하다는 정보를 확인하였으며, 관련 식품 정보를 제공하였다. 따라서 표현형에 따른 비만에 관한 정보와 유전형 정보가 일치하는 것은 아니며, 이는 표현형적 정보만을 이용한 비만 관리 식이 추천에는 한계가 있음을 의미하며 이러한 결과는 비만외 다른 성인병들에도 적용이 필요하며 이를 위해서는 표현형-유전적 통합정보를 기반 한 맞춤식이 추천이 필요함을 나타내었다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2017

본 연구는 천안소재 천호저수지의 위생미생물학적 수준과 자연환경에서의 항생제 내성 분포를 파악하여 국민보건 향상에 이바지 하고자 하였다. 2013년 7월과 9월 3차에 걸쳐 위생지표세균인 대장균군수를 측정하고 수질오염공정시험기준에 따라 분리 동정하였으며 국립보건원 항생제 감수성 표준시험법을 사용하여 항생제 내성 시험을 하였다. 천호저수지의 평균 대장균군수는 $2.0{\times}10^3CFU/mL$이었으며 그 중 41%가 대장균으로 동정되었다. 대장균의 항생제 내성은 Ampicillin 31.3%로 가장 높았으며 Ticarcillin 25.0%, Cefazolin 및 Cefoxitin 이 18.8% 이었다. 융합다제내성은 4제내성이 38.5%, 6제 내성은 7.7%, 2제이상은 내성균의 92.3%를 차지하였다. 천호저수지는 시민들이 이용하는 공원으로 보건위생학적 수질관리를 위해 주기적인 위생미생물학적 연구와 항생제 내성에 관한 융합적인 관리가 필요하다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권10A호
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• pp.965-970
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 IEEE 802.11a 표준 무선랜 단말기에 활용 가능한 SPDT Tx/Rx 스위치 MMICs를 설계 및 제작하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 핵심이 되는 pHEMT 스위치 소자의 에피구조를 설계하였으며, 한국전자통신연구원(ETRI의 $0.5{\mu}m$ pHEMT 스위치 공정을 이용하였다. 제작된 SPDT형 Tx/Rx 스위치 MMIC는 주파수 5.8 GHz, 동작전압 0/-3V에서 삽입손실 0.68 dB, 격리도 35.64 dB, 그리고 반사손실 13.4dB의 특성을 보였으며, 전력전송능력인 P1dB는 약 25dBm, 그리고 선헝성의 척도인 IIP3는 42 dBm 이상으로 평가되었다. 제작된 스위치 회로의 성능은 상용제품과 비교 분석한 결과 반사손실은 약간 부족하였으나 삽입손실은 비슷한 수준이며, 특히 격리도는 동작전압 ${\pm}$ 3V/0Vv, 주파수 5.8GHz에서 약 8 dB 이상 우수하였다. 이와 같은 여러 가지의 스위치 회로의 성능은 본연구에서 개발된 pHEMT SPDT 스위치는 IEEE802.11a 표준 5GHz 대역 무선랜에 충분히 할용할수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.605-608
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• 2006

2004년 9월부터 12월까지 경인지역으로 수입되는 원료농산물 및 가공식품에 대하여 유전자재조합성분 함유여부 및 유전자재조합식품 표시제 이행실태를 확인하기 위하여 모니터링을 실시하였다. 분석방법은 유전자재조합식품 검사지침에 따랐으며, 콩류가공품(원료콩 포함) 64건, 옥수수 가공품(원료 옥수수 포함) 52건, 콩 및 옥수수 함유식품 4건 등 총 120 건을 분석대상으로 하였다. 분석결과 콩을 원료로 하는 콩류가공품 1건, 콩 및 옥수수 혼합 가공식품 1건 등 총 2건에서 유전자재조합 콩인 round-ready soybean 성분을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그러나 유전자재조합 옥수수 (Bt11, GA21, T25, E176, Mon810)를 포함하는 가공식품은 확인되지 않았다. 그리고 콩 가공품 3건, 옥수수가공품 8건, 콩 및 옥수수가공품 1건 등 총 12건에서는 내재성유전자를 확인할 수 없어 검사불능으로 판정되었다. 유전자재조합성분이 확인된 시료 2건은 구분유통증명서를 구비하고 있었으며, 검사불능 시료의 경우 대부분 옥수수전분을 포함하는 제품으로 확인되었고, 추출된 유전자를 양상을 분석한 결과 크기가 300 bp 이하로 절단되어 PCR법을 이용한 분석 시 주형유전자로 사용하기에는 충분 하지 않은 것으로 판단된다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2013

With the increase of visitors to rural tourism villages, the direct selling at sites is getting vitalized. Accordingly, their display stores is getting more important. Therefore, this study has selected 30 domestic rural tourism villages as study objects for the attitude survey of 200 farming suppliers and the site examination for the designs of those display stores in order to analyze their status and classify the types of necessity. Such operation status as sale item, sale method, method of supply and demand, major customer, sales scale, manager, opening hour, and operation cost were examined, to identity and for design factors the pattern, material quality and color were investigated. For the attitude of farming suppliers, the tactics of sales, the reason for being positive or negative, the functionality and the features of display stores were examined through brainstorming. IBM SPSS Statistics 20 Program was employed for Frequency, which indicated that village chiefs and store managers with the sales scale of 1 to 20 million won are dealing with female customers in their 40's and 50's and that those stores are open at the time of experience or year round without any operation expense. Permanent type and Fixed type were found to be the design factors of the display-case type with the material and the color of wood and orange respectively. The result of investigation analysis of farming suppliers' attitude showed the followings: the need of display stores is quite high, structure type and permanent type have high fitness and from the viewpoint of display-on-table type as a standard moving type was very convenient. The analysis of significant items at the characteristics of those display stores revealed that their locations, quality conservation, sanitation, users' convenience, designs and promotion are very important. The result of status analysis revealed that though there is a correlation among the types of display stores depending on the visiting season of tourists their installing is not desirable. Three types have been analyzed: Type 1 is a structure type only in the villages with continuous visitors, Type 2 a moving-table type only in the villages with temporary visitors and Type 3 is a fixed display-case type.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.31-51
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• 2009

The characteristics of Jin's ideas on clinic theory can be arranged as follows. 1. Jin emphasized warming and tonifying[溫補] in treatment and the part that shows this the best is the taking care of[調理] the Vital gate[命門], kidney, liver, and spleen. His ideas were based on his understanding of a human life's origin, and was influenced by Seolgi(薛己), Joheon-ga(趙獻可) and Janggaebin(張介賓)'s Vital gate and source Gi theory(元氣說) so scholastically, he has that in common with them but was later criticized by later doctors such as Oksamjon(玉三尊) as an 'literary doctor(文字醫)' who followed the ideas of "Uigwan(醫貫)". 2. The warming and tonifying school[溫補學派], who were influenced by Taoism, said in their theory of disease outbreak[發病學說] that since one must not hurt one's Yin essence and Yang fire [陰精陽火] there is more deficiency than excess, so that was why they used tonifying methods. Jin was also like them and this point of view is universal in internal medicine, gynecology, pediatric medicine and surgery and so on. 3. Jin, who saw the negative form of pulse diagnosis[診脈] emphasized following symptoms over pulse diagnosis using the spirit of ‘finding truth based on truth[實事求是]' in "Maekgyeolcheonmi(脈訣闡微)", but emphasized 'the combination of pulse and symptoms[脈證合參]'. He understood pulse diagnosis as a defining tool for symptoms, and in "Seoksilbirok(石室秘錄)" simplified pulse diagnosis into 10 methods : floating/sunken(浮沉), slow/fast(遲數), large/fine(大小), vacuous/replete(虛實) and slippery/rough(滑澀). 4. Jin used 'large formulas(大方)' a lot that usually featured a large dose, and in " Bonchosinpyeon(本草新編)" he thought of the seven formulas(七方) and ten preparations(十劑) as the standard when using medicine. He did away with old customs and presented a 'new(新)' and 'extra(奇)' point of view. He especially used a lot of Insam(人蔘) when tonifying Gi and Geumeunhwa(金銀花) when treating sores and ulcers. 5. In the area of surgery Jin gave priority to the early finding and treatment of disease with internal treatment[內治] and was against the overuse of acupuncture. However records of surgical measures in a special situation like lung abscesses(肺癰) and liver abscesses(肝癰), and anesthetic measures using 'Manghyeongju(忘形酒)' and 'Singoiyak(神膏異藥)' and opening the abdomen or skull, and organ transplants using a dog's tongue are important data. 6. Jin stated the diseases of Gi and blood broadly. Especially in the principles of treating blood, blood diseases had to be forwarded[順] and Gi regulation[理氣] was the number one priority and stated the following two treatments. First, in "Jeonggiinhyeolpyeon(精氣引血篇)" of volume 6 of "Oegyeongmieon(外經微言)", for the rules for treating blood he stated the pattern identification of finding Gi in blood and blood in Gi. Second, he emphasized Gi regulation(理氣) in blood diseases and stated that the Gi must be tonifyed after finding the source of the loss of blood.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.296-296
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• 2014

We investigate experimentally and theoretically the splitting of surface plasmon (SP) resonance peaks under TE- and TM-polarized illumination. The SP structure at infrared wavelength is fabricated with a 2-dimensional square periodic array of circular holes penetrating through Au (gold) film. In brief, the processing steps to fabricate the SP structure are as follows. (i) A standard optical lithography was performed to produce to a periodic array of photoresist (PR) circular cylinders. (ii) After the PR pattern, e-beam evaporation was used to deposit a 50-nm thick layer of Au. (iii) A lift-off processing with acetone to remove the PR layer, leading to final structure (pitch, $p=2.2{\mu}m$; aperture size, $d=1.1{\mu}m$) as shown in Fig. 1(a). The transmission is measured using a Nicolet Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) at the incident angle from $0^{\circ}$ to $36^{\circ}$ with a step of $4^{\circ}$ both in TE and TM polarization. Measured first and second order SP resonances at interface between Au and GaAs exhibit the splitting into two branches under TM-polarized light as shown in Fig. 1(b). However, as the incidence angle under TE polarization is increased, the $1^{st}$ order SP resonance peak blue-shifts slightly while the splitting of $2^{nd}$ order SP resonance peak tends to be larger (not shown here). For the purpose of understanding our experimental results qualitatively, SP resonance peak wavelengths can be calculated from momentum matching condition (black circle depicted in Fig. 2(b)), $k_{sp}=k_{\parallel}{\pm}iG_x{\pm}jG_y$, where $k_{sp}$ is the SP wavevector, $k_{\parallel}$ is the in-plane component of incident light wavevector, i and j are SP coupling order, and G is the grating momentum wavevector. Moreover, for better understanding we performed 3D full field electromagnetic simulations of SP structure using a finite integration technique (CST Microwave Studio). Fig. 1(b) shows an excellent agreement between the experimental, calculated and CST-simulated splitting of SP resonance peaks with various incidence angles under TM-polarized illumination (TE results are not shown here). The simulated z-component electric field (Ez) distribution at incident angle, $4^{\circ}$ and $16^{\circ}$ under TM polarization and at the corresponding SP resonance wavelength is shown in Fig. 1(c). The analysis and comparison of theoretical results with experiment indicates a good agreement of the splitting behavior of the surface plasmon resonance modes at oblique incidence both in TE and TM polarization.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of traditional Korean medical therapy in patients with functional dyspepsia evaluted using multi-channel electrogastrography. Before the treatment, the EGG of 14 outpatients (male 3, female 11) with functional dyspepsia were recorded and their dominant frequency(DF), percentage of gastric slow waves, percentage of Power ratio, and percentage of slow wave couplings were analysed. For 8 weeks, the patients received acupuncture treatment. After 8 weeks, EGG was rechecked and compared with the previous data. After treatment, normogastria was significantly increased in channel 1 and channel 3($53.70{\pm}18.94$% vs $72.64{\pm}15.49$% in channel 1, P<0.05; $79.74{\pm}18.09$ vs $90.86{\pm}8.86$ in channel 3, P<0.05). arrythmia was significantly decreased in channel 3($14.34{\pm}15.21$ vs $5.93{\pm}6.90$, P<0.05). The patients who had less severe decrease in EGG indexes showed improvement of those indexes through 8 weeks of outpatient care. EGG channel 3 was shown to be the most adequate standard of evaluation. But there was no significant improvement in slow wave coupling rate which is a new index of multichannel EGG.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.663-686
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• 2017

본 연구는 초등학교 3학년 학생을 대상으로 STEAM을 적용한 수학 교과 중심의 프로그램을 설계하고 현장에 적용하여 수학 교육의 융합적 접근이 학생들의 문제해결력과 자기효능감에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 D광역시 소재 C초등학교 3학년 2개 학급을 사전 검사를 통하여 실험집단과 비교집단으로 선정하여 문제해결력과 자기효능감 검사를 실시하고 결과를 분석하였다. 또한 수업결과물과 사후설문지를 분석하여 학생들의 문제해결과정에서 나타나는 융합적 사고력과 학습에 대한 긍정적인 변화정도를 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 살펴보면, 문제해결력과 관련하여 두 집단 간의 검사 결과는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 나타내지는 않았으나 실험집단은 비교집단에 비해 수준별 고른 성취수준과 높은 평균점수를 보였다. 또한 STEAM 기반 수학 수업을 진행한 실험 집단의 자기효능감 t-검정을 실시한 결과 5% 유의수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 보여 자기효능감에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 수업 결과물 및 소감문을 통하여 표현력의 향상과 수학적 태도의 긍정적인 변화를 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 수학 교과를 중심으로 한 STEAM 프로그램 적용은 학생들의 정의적 영역에 긍정적인 영향을 주며 수학교과 수업 개선 전략으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.