• 한국공간구조학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간구조학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회 및 정기총회 2권1호(통권2호)
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• pp.108-115
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• 2005

Maintenance and reinforcement are very important especially in the case of the hybrid structures. In this paper, we introduce the maintenance and reinforcement design method of cable dome structures. In the case of the Olympic fencing stadium structural system has the stiffness in dependence of the initial tension force. Therefore, the verification of this phenomenon is very important. The result shows that the final tension force which is measured is almost reached to the calculated aim tension force after the maintenance ana reinforcement works is confirmed.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2007

구조물의 경제성 분석은 그 프로젝트의 실행을 결정할 수 있는 중요한 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 건설된 철골 트러스 스타디움 구조물의 건설비용 분석을 통하여 대공간구조물의 공사비 비용구조를 분석하였다.

• 한국공간구조학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2018

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2001년도 학술대회지
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• pp.228-231
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• 2001

부산종합운동장 주경기장 지붕구조는 케이블현수구조로 그 시공은 VSL 리프팅시스템을 사용한 인양공법을 채택하여 이루어 졌다. 본 지붕구조물의 시공은 크게 5단계 공정으로 이루어 졌고, 상기 공정 중 인양작업은 상부케이블과 하부케이블로 나누어 1차 인양작업과 2차 인양작업으로 이루어 졌다. 본 지붕구조물의 경우 각 케이블의 정착단은 조정이 불가능한 개방소켓으로 되어 있어 설계시 각 케이블의 길이 계산이 잘못될 경우에는 케이블이 구조부재로써 소정의 성능을 유지하기 위해 필요한 인장응력의 도입이 불가능하게 된다. 그러나, 구조물의 인양이 완료된 상태에서 계측된 각 케이블의 장력에 의하면 평균 $4\%$정도의 정확도를 보이고 있어 설계뿐만 아니라 지붕구조와 관련된 모든 공정의 시공이 치밀하게 이루어 졌음을 보여 주고 있다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.589-608
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• 2017

A novel probabilistic approach is presented for estimating the equivalent static wind loads that produce a static response of the structure, which is "equivalent" in a probabilistic sense, to the extreme dynamic responses due to the unsteady pressure random field induced by the wind. This approach has especially been developed for complex structures (such as stadium roofs) for which the unsteady pressure field is measured in a boundary layer wind tunnel with a turbulent incident flow. The proposed method deals with the non-Gaussian nature of the unsteady pressure random field and presents a model that yields a good representation of both the quasi-static part and the dynamical part of the structural responses. The proposed approach is experimentally validated with a relatively simple application and is then applied to a stadium roof structure for which experimental measurements of unsteady pressures have been performed in boundary layer wind tunnel.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2018

In this study, the seismic performance and behavior characteristics of the upper truss structure of the large stadium are analyzed by nonlinear dynamic analysis. In the nonlinear dynamic analysis, the earthquake records were generated by site response analysis to simulate the nonlinear behavior of the relevant soil condition where the structure is located. Nonlinear dynamic analysis was performed using Perform-3D and the nonlinear properties of the substructure and the superstructure were determined in accordance with KISTEC guideline. According to the analysis results, excessive deformation occurred in the upper truss element, and plastic hinges exceeded the target performance in some members. Buckling-restrained brace is used for seismic retrofit of stadium structures and the analysis results shows the interstory drift satisfies the target performance level with dissipating the seismic energy efficiently.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.203-213
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• 2023

New techniques, technologies, and materials should be used to design and build sports stadiums. Since this century, much progress has been made in covering the roofs of sports stadiums, and the possibility of accurate computer calculation has been provided for stadiums, so by choosing a new structure, we can double the beauty and resistance of these stadiums. A stadium has an excellent and valuable design when its structure, shell, building, materials, and joinery follow a high architectural idea at all levels and scales. This article examines the mechanical performance of polymer cement strength in the construction of football stadiums, along with their structural knowledge in the form of the best examples in the world. Portland cement is one of the most used materials for constructing football stadiums. However, its production requires spending a lot of money, wasting energy, and damaging the environment. Considering the disadvantages in the production and consumption of concrete in different environments, it is necessary to find alternative materials. It should be used with cheaper, simpler technology, abundant primary resources, energy saving, less environmental damage, and better chemical and physical properties in concrete. High-strength concrete technology is considered a new development in the construction industry of concrete structures. In hardened concrete, strength and durability are two main factors, and as the compressive strength of concrete increases, concrete becomes more brittle. As a result, its tensile strength does not increase in proportion to the increase in compressive strength and has less strain tolerance. For this reason, the need to use is evident from the fibers in high-strength concrete. Fibers are used in concrete to increase tensile strength, prevent crack propagation, and significantly increase softness. The increase with the change of these resistances depends on the strength of concrete without fibers, the shape of fibers, and the percentage of fibers. This cement is obtained from the wastes of chemical and petrochemical industries and the wastes from coal combustion, which have the properties mentioned as substitutes for Portland cement.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.263-270
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• 1999

In country, for 2002 World-cup the peak is to construct soccer playground. the stabilizing method by additives is mainly applied of permanent improvement for bearing capacity of structure foundation and for strength, durability and transformation of road pavement layer except for construction machine's trafficability and bearing capacity. This study is on soft ground improvement of $\bigcirc$$\bigcirc$ world-cup stadium field. construction field constitutes of very various layers and after construction the lawn grass should be planted on the surface of the earth and in addition, chemical effects should be limited from improved ground layer. Mixing soft clay in field with three domestic representative additives, it evaluated the unconfined compression strength. In the results, after curing during 28 days the objective strength has been obtained on about 5% combination ratio.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.176-183
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is was to analyze customer experience attribute of professional baseball. To achieve objectives of this study, a method was used the in-depth interview and experts' consultation which understanding the attributes and structure of customer experience attribute of professional baseball. As a result, the professional baseball customer experience attributes are 'viewing plan & purchase', 'stadium movement', 'entrance stadium', 'move to seat', 'game viewing', 'amenities/services', 'events/cheering', 'move after match'. The review of the experience section and attributes derived through in-depth interviews with professional baseball fans was verified through an expert' consultation to secure content validity. Through this process, 8 experience section and 41 attributes were analyzed. The customer experience journey was analyzed for a more in-depth analysis of the viewing experience of professional baseball fans. The customer experience journey was presented based on the needs of fans and discomfort in each experience section activity.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2010

국내에 설치될 강구조 스타디움에 향후 신재생에너지 중 하나인 태양광 발전을 위한 PV 시스템을 적용하는 것에 따른 강재 어레이에 관한 기초 연구로 해외의 사례를 토대로 구성되었다. 연구를 진행하기 위하여 1990년대 이후 PV 시스템이 적용된 강구조 스타디움 20건을 사례 분석 대상으로 선정하였다. 선정된 20건의 강구조 스타디움을 PV 모듈을 고정하기 위하여 설치된 레일 시스템에 따라 분류해 보았다. 그 결과 격자고정방식 중 선형모듈고정방식과 지붕 통합형이 전체의 28%에 해당되는 것으로 조사되었으며 그 뒤로 레일 고정형 17%, 세로 고정방식 중 모듈그룹 고정 11% 순으로 조사되었다. 또한 스타디움 내부에는 주로 격자 고정방식 중 선형모듈 고정방식과 지붕통합형이 적용되고 있었으며 스타디움 외부나 그 외 부분에서는 앵글 브라킷으로 PV 모듈이 고정되고 있는 것으로 조사되었다.