• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.11 s.158
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• pp.1626-1635
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to search for comfortable protective clothing for waste incinerator workers. The experimental protective clothing came in two types: one whose outer side made use of polypropylene film, and the inner side, a non-woven rayon fabric processed with charcoal with a 10% density (CF): and one whose outer side made use of polyolefine and polyamide films, and the inner side, a non-woven polypropylene fabric (NNCF). Experiments were conducted on five healthy adult women whose average age was 21. These experiments were conducted at a climate chamber, in which the temperature and relative humidity were set below $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;and\;50{\pm}10%$, respectively. Measured were the rectal temperature, the skin temperature, the sweating rate, the weight loss, the heart rate, the blood pressure, the temperature, and the relative humidity of a microclimate and subjective sensation. These were measured within a period of 60 min, consisting of a 20-min stable period, a 20-min exercise period (walking exercise for 2 miles/hr on a treadmill), and a 20-min recovery period. Through this experiment, the differences between the human body's physiological reactions to CF and NNCF clothing, and the human body's comfort levels when wearing these, were determined.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a new learning control scheme for various walk motion control of biped robot with same learning-base by neural network. We show that learning control algorithm based on the neural network is significantly more attractive intelligent controller design than previous traditional forms of control systems. A multi layer back propagation neural network identification is simulated to obtain a dynamic model of biped robot. Once the neural network has learned, the other neural network control is designed for various trajectory tracking control with same learning-base. The biped robots have been received increased attention due to several properties such as its human like mobility and the high-order dynamic equation. These properties enable the biped robots to perform the dangerous works instead of human beings. Thus, the stable walking control of the biped robots is a fundamentally hot issue and has been studied by many researchers. However, legged locomotion, it is difficult to control the biped robots. Besides, unlike the robot manipulator, the biped robot has an uncontrollable degree of freedom playing a dominant role for the stability of their locomotion in the biped robot dynamics. From the simulation and experiments the reliability of iterative learning control was illustrated.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.238-243
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• 2000

An exoinulinase (${\beta}-D-fructofuranosidase$) gene was cloned by chromosome walking along the upstream region of the endoinulinase gene of Pseudomonas mucidolens isolated from soil. the exoinulinase gene consisted of an ORF of 0,506 bp encoding a polypeptide of 501 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 55,000. The exoinulinase produced by the recombinant Escherichia coli $DH5{\alpha}$ strain was also purified to homogeneity as determined by SDS-PAGE and a zymogram. The molecular weight of the purified exoinulinase according to both SDS-PAGE and gel filtration matched the deduced molecular weight of the protein described above, thereby indicating that the native form of the exoinulinase was a monomer. The purified enzyme hydrolyzed activity value of 2.0. Furthermore, no inulo-oligomers were liberated from the inulin substrate in the enzymatic reaction mixtures incubated for 90 min at $55^{\circ}C$. Taken together, these results indicate that the purified ${\beta}-D-fructofuranosidase$ was an exoinulinase. The pH and temperature optima of the exoinulinase were pH 6.0 and $55^{\circ}C$, respectively. the enzymehad no apparent requirement for a cofactor, and its activity was completely inactivated by $Ag^{+},{\;}Hg^{2+},{\;}and{\;}Zn^{2+}$. Kinetic experiments gave $K_m,{\;}V_{max},{\;}and{\;}K_{cat}$ values for inulin of 11.5 mM, 18 nM/s, and $72{\;}s^{-1}$, respectively. the exoinulinase was fairly stable in broad pH conditions (pH 5-9), and at pH 6.0 it showed a residual activity of about 70% after 4 h incubation at $55^{\circ}C$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.667-673
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• 2010

This paper proposes a control method based on a pseudo-impedance model to control the motion of biped robots walking on an uneven surface. The pseudo-impedance model simulates the action of the ankle of a foot landing on the ground when a human walks. When the foot is in contact with the ground, the human ankle goes through two different phases. In the first phase, the human exerts little or no effort and applies no torque on the ankle so that the orientation of the foot is effortlessly and passively adjusted with respect to the ground. In the second phase of landing, the ankle generates a significant amount of torque in order to rotate and move the main part of the human body forward and to support the weight of the human; this phase is called the weight acceptance phase. Computer simulations of a 12-DOF biped robot with a 6-DOF environment model were performed to determine the effectiveness of the proposed pseudo-impedance control. The simulation results show that stable locomotion can be achieved on an irregular surface by using the proposed model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.769-776
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• 2013

The dynamic compliance characteristics of a prosthetic foot midgait are very important for natural performance in an amputee's gait and should be in a range that provides natural, stable walking. In this study, finite element analysis (FEA) and classical laminate theory were used to examine the mechanical characteristics of a carbon-epoxy composite laminate prosthetic foot as a function of variation in the lamination composition. From this analysis, an FEM model of a prosthetic keel, made from the composite material, was developed. The lamination composition of the keel was designed for improved stiffness. The prototype product was fabricated using an autoclave. Vertical loading response tests were performed to verify the simulation model. The results of the experiments were similar to those from simulations below the loading level of the gait, suggesting use of the proposed simulation model for prosthetic keel design.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.387-397
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• 2009

Physical activity has been increased with increased leasure time. Specifically, due to our mountainous geographical benefits, people actively participate in hiking and climbing as regular daily activities. Thus, more stable and comfortable hiking boots are required to walk on uneven and sloped rocky surface for a long period of time. 5 male subjects were recruited for testing planter pressure patterns of four different conditions(barefoot, classic hiking boot, stiffness 60 and stiffness 65). Tested hiking boots(stiffness 60 and stiffness 65) consists of the multiple pieces of outsoles as they are designed for a better shock absorption. In the results, some positive aspects of stiffness 60 and stiffness 65 such as wide contact area and powerful propulsive patterns at take off was observed compared to the classic hiking boots. Therefore, biomechanical development of hiking related clothes and footwear as well as equipment would be beneficial for people who enjoy hiking to maximize their quality of activities.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.82-96
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• 2020

The Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) system is the flexible public transport service that determines the route and schedule of the service vehicles according to users' requests. With increasing importance of public transport systems in urban areas, the development of stable and fast routing algorithms for DRT has become the goal of many researches over the past decades. In this study, a new heuristic method is proposed to generate fast and efficient routes for multiple vehicles using demand clustering and destination demand priority searching method considering the imbalance of users' origin and destination demands. The proposed algorithm is tested in various demand distribution scenarios including random, concentration and directed cases. The result shows that the proposed method reduce the drop of service ratio due to an increase in demand density and save computation time compared to other algorithms. In addition, compared to other clustering-based algorithms, the walking cost of the passengers is significantly reduced, but the detour time and in-vehicle travel time of the passenger is increased due to the detour burden.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.1925-1936
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• 2010

In this paper, multi-legged robot was designed and produced using stable walking pattern algorithm. The robot had embedded camera and wireless communication function and it is possible to recognize both hand posture and obstacles. The algorithm decided moving paths, and recognized and avoided obstacles through Hough Transform using Edge Detection of inputed image from image sensor. The robot can be controlled by hand posture using Mahalanobis Distance and average value of skin's color pixel, which is previously learned in order to decide the destination. The developed system has shown obstacle detection rate of 96% and hand posture recognition rate of 94%.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.349-357
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in the performance of dancing motions depending on the level of skill by investigating pulmonary functions, ground reaction force, and jerk cost. The subjects of this study were 12 professional dancers (career: 16 yrs) and 12 amateur dancers (career: 9 yrs) who had similar physical conditions. We selected four motion phases which included the diagonal line motion, the deep flexion motion, the breath motion, and the turn motion with one leg after a small step walking motion, with Goodguri Jangdan. In the experiment, 6 infrared cameras were installed in order to analyze the value of the jerk costs and the force plate form. Finally, we measured the pulmonary functions of the subjects. For data analysis, independent t-tests according to each event, were carried out in the data processing. According to the results of FVC % Predicted, the professional dancers showed greater lung capacities than the amateur dancers, indicating that the level of dancing skill influences lung capacity. Based on the result of the balance test, the professional dancers used more vertical power than did the amateur dancers when performing maximal flexion motion. The professional dancers used a propulsive force of pushing their body forward by keeping the center of body higher while the amateur dancers used a braking power by keeping their bodies backward. When performing medial-lateral movements, the amateur dancers were less stable than the professional dancers. There were no differences in values of jerk costs between the amateur dancers and the professional dancers.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.211-223
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of task-oriented circuit training using unstable support surface on balance, gait ability, and balance confidence in subacute stroke patients. Methods : Forty-five patients with subacute stroke were randomly divided into the three following groups of 15: 1) TOCT-US group; task-oriented circuit training using unstable surface (experimental group 1), 2) TOCT-SS group; task-oriented circuit training using stable surface (experimental group 2), and 3) CON group; conventional physical therapy (control group). All patients participated in one of the three training programs for 6 weeks, 30 minutes per session, 3 times per week. Patients' balance ability was assessed using the BT-4, BBS (berg balance scale), TUG (time up and go test), and LOS (limit of stability). Gait speed was measured to examine gait ability. K-ABC (activities-specific balance confidence scale) was also used to assess the level of patients' confidence in daily activities. Results : After the intervention, the sway area in experimental groups 1 and 2 decreased, but that in the control group increased. Experimental group 1 showed significant improvement compared with experimental group 2 and the control group. BBS, TUG, and LOS scores of experimental group 1 were significantly improved compared with those of experimental group 2 and the control group. Also, gait speed significantly improved in experimental group 1 compared with experimental group 2 and the control group. Experimental groups 1 and 2 showed significant improvement in K-ABC scores after training. Conclusion : Patients with subacute stroke had significantly improved balance, gait, and level of confidence in performing activities of daily living following task-oriented circuit training using the unstable surface. This indicates that task-oriented circuit training using unstable surfaces can be an effective treatment method for the recovery of balance and gait in subacute stroke patients.