• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.194-201
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• 1996

분구의 구경과 액분산기의 구조가 각각 다른 12종의 미니스프링클러를 대상으로 살수량과 살수강도분포를 실험하여 얻은 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 미니 스프링클러의 살수량은 분구의 이론 유출량 산출 수식에 의해 예측할 수 있었다. 실험한 스프링클러의 유량계수는 분구구경 증가에 따라 감소하여 그 크기는 분구구경 0.8, 1.2, 1.6mm의 경우 각각 0.90-30.95, 0.80-0.82, 0.76-0.79의 범위로 나타났다. 스프링클러의 살수 분포는 동일한 구조의 스프링클러의 경우 분구구경이 작을 수록 그리고 살수압력이 낮을 수록 균일한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 스프링클러의 살수분포는 분구구경이나 살수압력 외에도 액분산기의 구조에 따라 크게 영향을 받으므로 액분산기의 구조를 변화하므로서 살수입자의 최대 도달거리나 살수의 균일도를 높일 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.225-228
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• 2005

This paper was accomplished for analyzing the reason of the above deterioration happened on the deck of concrete bridge. The bridge was constructed at 660m above the sea level having more freezing and snowing days. Therefore, it is placed on the particular condition sprinkling $CaCl_2$ enough for keeping up with moderate traffic condition. When it is considered to the former condition, the bridge can be assumed to potentialities for combined deterioration with freezing-thawing under sprinkling deicing chemical. Core specimens were gathered from the concrete deck for clearing the reason of the above deterioration exactly, and it is used for various tests for measuring the compressive strength, elastic modulus, content of $Cl^-$, freezing-thawing at the fresh and salt water. As a result of freezing-thawing test, the specimen at the fresh water has over 90$\%$ of durability factor, but another specimen at 1$\%$ of salt water has 0$\%$ of durability factor at 140 cycles of the freezing-thawing. The result means that frost damage is sccelerated at the salt water. Therefore, the deterioration of the concrete deck is estimated to be occured by combined effects of freezing-thawing and chloride ion attack.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.249-250
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• 2015

This study contemplated the descending air current from the smoke layers related to the smoke logging phenomenon in the Water Mist applied design for effective evacuation safety design. As a result, database on the average particle diameter, particle velocity and distribution of sprinkling was obtained and the relationship between the water amount and particle diameter was obtained. Also Descending smoke velocity was significantly faster to 9.8m/s, it is determined that appeared rapidly by a high water pressure.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2013

산불로부터 주요 산림과 시설물들을 보호하고 주변 확산을 저지하기 위해서는 상설 급수 및 살수시설이 반드시 필요하다. 우리나라에서는 2005년 양양산불로 인해 낙산사 소실을 경험하면서 주요문화재 건축물 주변에 숲 관리와 함께 산불방지 급수시설 설치사업을 단계적으로 실시하였다. 하지만 기존 설치된 산불방지급수시설의 경우, 별도의 설치와 관리를 위한 기준을 마련하지 않고 각 시공업체의 시방서를 기준으로 설치하였다. 시공업체의 시방서는 NFSC 109를 토대로 산림지역에 변형하여 설치한 것으로 광범위한 산불확산으로부터 주요시설물 등을 효과적으로 보호하기에는 방호면적이 적고 호스의 이동과 동시살수에 있어 제한적인 단점들을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내에서 설치되어 이용하고 있는 산불방지 급수전의 실태조사를 실시하여 문제점들을 도출하였고 이를 보완할 수 있는 성능위주의 산불방지 급수시설 기준을 마련하였다. 그 결과, 산불방지 효과를 높이기 위한 방법으로 산불방지 급수시설의 구성을 수관화 확산방지를 위한 'Water Sprinkler Tower System', 지표화 진화를 위한 'Forest Fire Hydrant System', 'Portable Water Spray System' 3가지를 제시하였고 설치를 위한 펌프의 성능 및 부속품들에 대한 기준을 제시하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2928-2933
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• 2011

The urban railway has been planned not only the subway, but also the elevated railway in Seoul, South Korea. Therefore, it is steadily increasing civil complaints for railway noise passing through that residential district. In this paper, we focused on noise of squeal characteristics induced by interaction between railway vehicle's wheel and rail. Then we selected the point that carried out scattering water droplet to the rail and compared the noise level of the watering test results before and after. Scattering water test results showed that level of the noise reduced intermittently occurring high frequency characteristics of squeal noise as well as overall noise level. In the future, we will apply the sensor to the sprinkling system for noise reduction where the place of existing squeal noise is, and make a suggestion of this solution will be more economical, environmental-friendly, and appropriate to reduce the squeal noise occurred by railway vehicle than others.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.161-174
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• 2011

Objectives : This paper researched methods of washing Herb medicine through research papers of washing Crops Materials and Methods : We collected research papers on Washing crops. Then we analysed them according to washing methods. Results : The following results were obtained in this study. 1. Herbal fruit, wash using a conveyor belt. 2. Leafy herbs, soak in a chlorine solution or ozone solution and rinse it. sometimes using micro bubble system. 3. Radix, wash with high pressure sprinkling water. 4. Cortex, wash under running water by hand washing. Conclusion : Herb medicines need a washing methods for each region. so Herbs should be washed in a suitable methods for each region.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1999

A good atomization in uniform size brings the elevation of thermal efficiency in spray combustion, the beautiful painting on surfaces, and the economical sprinkling of chemicals. Ultrasonic atomization has been expected as a good uniform atomization mechanism due to its uniform size distribution. Influx, load, and physical properties of liquids are the effecting factors to atomize liquids. In this study, distilled water and city water are selected as reference liquids and gasoline, kerosene, and petroleum as fuel liquids. Characteristics and affinity to get the maximum effect for the ultrasonic atomization are observed by using the two ultrasonic transducers with 28kHz and 2MHz. Results show that the size distributions of liquid spray dorplet by the direct vibration method prevail over those by the aerosol method in uniform droplet size and as a whole, sizes of spray liquid droplets are increased slightly according to increasing influx in the direct vibration method and quantities of spray droplets in the aerosol method decreasing according to increasing liquid load h.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2012

This this study was conducted with the aim of doing experiment on the effect of water purification by using an artificially built plant island, which is one of the eco-techniques, and aquatic plants as a plan for the reuse of water for obtaining water resources, thereby analyzing the removed quantity, and applying the experimental results to the reuse of water. As a result of doing experiments, this study obtained a good measured value of BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) 4.7mg/L, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) 7.2mg/L below the heavy water standard of BOD 10mg/L and COD 20mg/L, respectively. The chromaticity showed 89.2% removal efficiency, but final treated wastewater was found to show chromaticity 58 degrees exceeding chromaticity 20 degrees which are the water quality standard of the reuse of water. The results revealed that T-N produced 27% removal efficiency on an average while T-P produced 38% removal efficiency on an average, showing that the removal effect of N & P wasn't big. According to the currently enforced "Water Quality Standard of Heavy Water by Use", the use of water for sprinkling and landscaping was found to be available. Accordingly, this study suggested a nature-friendly, economically-efficient, and eco-technological water treatment technique which will make it possible to overcome the limit of the existing physio-chemical water treatment technology, reduce the costs for maintenance and facilities, and also reduce the limit of space restraint for installation of facilities.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2014년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.121-122
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• 2014

This study contemplated the descending air current from the smoke layers related to the smoke logging phenomenon in the sprinkler applied design for effective evacuation safety design. As a result, database on the average particle diameter, particle velocity and distribution of sprinkling was obtained and the relationship between the water amount and particle diameter was obtained. Also, in relation to descending air current, the movement of smoke layer to the bottom at the descending air current velocity of 0.6m/s was observed and stable descending air current was observed in existence of fire source over 100kW in size.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2005

Water consumption at the farm is up to 48 percent of water resource of South Korea while manufacturing industry's is only $9.6\%$. The area of arable land is 2,077,067 ha and 27 percent of it is used for growing fruits and vegetables using furrow or surface irrigation at the greenhouse. Surface irrigation at the greenhouse for fruits and vegetables has problems such as over watering and insufficient supply of water to the fine roots of the plant. However, the research on the new method of irrigation to save water usage is few. The characteristics of soil wetting was measured for using surface irrigation and underground trickle irrigation method where water was supplied at 10, 15, 20, and 25 cm beneath the surface ground. Followings are summary of this study. 1. The efficiency of underground trickle irrigation was expected to be as high as twice of surface irrigation such as drip watering or sprinkling. 2. This improvement could be possible by using less than $50\%$ of irrigation water than surface irrigation to supply similar amount of water near fine roots. 3. Surface irrigation causes soil compaction as deep as 20 cm below the surface ground which reduces soil porosity and root respiration ending up developing less fine roots. 4. Underground trickle irrigation can prevent overdamping in the greenhouse since it does not over wet the surface soil. At winter, the amount of agricultural chemical usage could be reduced since this irrigation method does not develop blight or crop disease from condensation of water vapor.