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Study on Guideline of Water Supply System for Forest Fire

산불방지 급수시설 설치 기준 마련에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Dong-Hyun (Ecosystems Services and Management, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.Dept. of Forest Disaster, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Nam, Song-Hee (Dept. Forest Fire Prevention, Korea Forest Service) ;
  • Keum, Si-Hoon (Dept. Forest Fire Prevention, Korea Forest Service)
  • 김동현 (국제응용시스템분석연구원 생태계서비스관리.국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 남송희 (산림청 산불방지과) ;
  • 금시훈 (산림청 산불방지과)
  • Received : 2013.03.20
  • Accepted : 2013.06.14
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

Permanent water supply and water sprinkling systems are essential to protect major forests and facilities from forest fire. Back in 2005, Naksan Temple, a valuable cultural asset of Korea, was burned down in a forest fire that took place in Yangyang. This started a series of movements including installing water supply facilities and managing forests near important cultural assets. As for the existing facilities, however, they were installed without any standard guidelines for management and installation according to each constructor's specifications, which were based on the National Fire Safety Code 109. Unfortunately, this is not effective in protecting facilities from forest fires such as they have a small protection area, limited simultaneous sprinkling, and a difficult the movement of fire hose. Against this background, the study examines the condition of water supply facilities currently in use, identifies their deficiencies, and suggests how to improve the criteria for water supply service to effectively prevent forest fire. Specifically, three systems were proposed: Water Sprinkler Tower System for preventing spread of crown fires, and Forest Fire Hydrant System and Portable Water Spray System to be effective for suppressing surface fires. In addition, the standards on the performance and components of water pumps are also suggested.

산불로부터 주요 산림과 시설물들을 보호하고 주변 확산을 저지하기 위해서는 상설 급수 및 살수시설이 반드시 필요하다. 우리나라에서는 2005년 양양산불로 인해 낙산사 소실을 경험하면서 주요문화재 건축물 주변에 숲 관리와 함께 산불방지 급수시설 설치사업을 단계적으로 실시하였다. 하지만 기존 설치된 산불방지급수시설의 경우, 별도의 설치와 관리를 위한 기준을 마련하지 않고 각 시공업체의 시방서를 기준으로 설치하였다. 시공업체의 시방서는 NFSC 109를 토대로 산림지역에 변형하여 설치한 것으로 광범위한 산불확산으로부터 주요시설물 등을 효과적으로 보호하기에는 방호면적이 적고 호스의 이동과 동시살수에 있어 제한적인 단점들을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내에서 설치되어 이용하고 있는 산불방지 급수전의 실태조사를 실시하여 문제점들을 도출하였고 이를 보완할 수 있는 성능위주의 산불방지 급수시설 기준을 마련하였다. 그 결과, 산불방지 효과를 높이기 위한 방법으로 산불방지 급수시설의 구성을 수관화 확산방지를 위한 'Water Sprinkler Tower System', 지표화 진화를 위한 'Forest Fire Hydrant System', 'Portable Water Spray System' 3가지를 제시하였고 설치를 위한 펌프의 성능 및 부속품들에 대한 기준을 제시하였다.

Keywords

References

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