• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture(EA) and radio-frequency warm needling(RFWN) stimulation in acupoint combination on ankle sprained pain in rats. Methods : The lateral ligaments of the Sprague-Dawley rats ankle were injured surgically resulting in sprain, of which was divided into EA, RFWN treatment groups and control group without treatment. The level of pain was measured through foot weight bearing force ratio followed by calculating pain relief. To stimulate proximal or distal area in ankle sprain, combination of proximal acupoints(GB34-GB39) and distal acupoints(GB39-GB42) from sprain area were applied, respectively, to either EA or RFWN stimulation. In addition, naltrexone or phentolamine was injected intraperitoneally before the stimulation to observe the pathway of analgesic effects. Results : In the proximal combination of GB34-GB39, EA and RFWN significantly increased pain relief compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, in distal combination with GB39-GB42, both EA and RFWN stimulation did not relieve pain due to ankle sprains. In the combination of GB34-GB39, the analgesia of EA was inhibited by blockade of the ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptor receptor. The analgesia of RFWN was inhibited by blockade of the ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptor receptor as well as ${\mu}$-opioid receptor. Conclusions : We observed that the proximal combination was effective in relieving pain when the treatment by acupoint combination was applied to the ankle sprain pain. Also, it was confirmed that this analgesia was also related to the pathways of ${\mu}$-opioid receptors and/or ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptors.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.7-21
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• 2005

Objectives : In the present study, the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) applied to SI6 and won-rak point on the ankle sprain model was examined. A common source of persistent pain in humans is the lateral ankle sprain. Methods : To model this condition, the rat's right ankle was bent repeatedly, overextending lateral ligaments, for 4 min under enflurane anesthesia. The rat subsequently showed swelling of the ankle and a reduced stepping force of the affected limb for the next several days. The reduced stepping force of the limb was presumably due to a painful ankle. EA was applied to the several acupuncture point on the contralateral forelimb for 30 min under gaseous anesthesia. After the termination of EA, behavioral tests measuring stepping force and Paw volume were Periodically conducted during the next 4 h and 18 h respectively. Results : EA applied to $SI_6$ with won-rak point produced more powerful improvement of stepping force of the sprained foot than to $SI_6$ alone lasting for at least 4 h. However, neigher $KI_4$ point nor $BL_{64}$ point produced any significant increase of weight bearing force. The improvement of stepping pressure was interpreted as an analgesic effect. The analgesic effect was specific to the acupuncture point since the analgesic effort on the ankle sprain pain model could not be mimicked by EA applied to $KI_4$ or $BL_{64}$. In addition, EA applied to $SI_6$ with won-rak combination point showed inhibitory effect on the paw edema induced by ankle sprain. Also, COX-2 protein expression increased by ankle sprain were suppressed by the EA stimulation. Conclusion : These data suggest that EA with won-rak combination point produces a more potent analgesic effect on the ankle sprain pain model in the rat and that EA with won-rak combination point induced anti-inflammatory effect through the suppression of COX-2 protein expression.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2021

본 연구는 원위경비인대결합이 손상된(High Ankle Sprain) 운동선수들의 경·비간 압박테이핑 적용이 통증, 관절가동범위, 근력에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 있다. High Ankle Sprain 또는 발목 염좌를 진단받은 선수 중 이학적 검사결과 양성인 운동선수 14명을 대상으로 중도 포기 4명을 제와한 10명을 대상으로 진행하였다. 3주간 아급성기재활 전, 중, 후로 경비간 압박테이핑 처치군(TG)과 적용하지 않는 대조군(NTG)으로 나누어 통증, 관절가동범위, 등척성근력을 측정 하였다. 통계는 반복측정에 의한 변량분석을 실시하였으며 사후검증은 t-test를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 통증(VAS)은 유의한 차이가 발생하지 않았으며, 관절가동범위는 두 그룹 모두 내번과 외번 가동범위가 시기간 유의한 증가를 보였고, 등척성근력은 테이핑 처치군 에서만 내번(0°, 7°, 14°)과 외번(0°)에서 시기간 유의한 향상이 나타났다. 결론적으로 원위경비인대결합 손상 운동선수의 경·비간 압박 테이핑 적용이 아급성기 재활프로그램에서 동일한 통증수준에서도 관절가동범위와 근력의 조기 향상에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1411-1412
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• 2010

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.75-76
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• 2009

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.247-248
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• 2010

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.220-229
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• 2013

Objectives : Electroacupuncture(EA) has been used effectively in producing analgesia on ankle sprain pain of humans and animals. Currently to examine the underlying mechanisms of the EA-induced analgesia, the effects of EA on weight-bearing forces(WBR) were examined at ankle sprain classified as grade 3 in rats. Methods : The severe ankle sprain classified as grade 3 was induced surgically by ankle ligament injury in the Sprague-Dawley rats. WBR of the affected foot were examined to evaluate effects and mechanism of EA(2 Hz, 1 ms pulse width, 2 mA intensity, for 15 min) which was applied to either SI6, GB34, or GB39 acupoints. The rats were pretreated with naltrexone(10 mg/kg, i.p.) as an opioid receptor antagonist or phentolamine(5 mg/kg, i.p) as an ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptor antagonist at 30 min before EA. Results : The daily repeat EA at either SI6, GB34, or GB39 showed significant analgesic effects on the severe ankle sprain. Particularly, daily EA at GB34 showed more potent analgesic effect than the others. In addition, the naltrexone pretreatment completely blocked the analgesic effect of EA at GB34, indicating the involvement of the endogenous opioid system in mediating the effect of EA at GB34. However, the phentolamine pretreament blocked analgesic effects of EA at either SI6 or GB39, indicating the involvement of ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptors in mediating the effect of EA at either SI6 or GB39. Conclusions : These data suggest that EA-induced analgesia on ankle sprain pain is mediated through either endogenous opioids or ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptors dependant on acupoint specific pattern.

• 대한추나의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2003

The multiple acupuncture techniques have been used to relieve the pain of lateral ankle sprain. Recently, early functional rehabilitation is emphasized in rehabilitative concepts using active ROM, facilitated proprioception, alphabet exercise and so forth. Similarly, in oriental rehabilition medicine, traditional movement technique called "Dong-Ki" has been used to relieve pain of ankle sprain. So we used "Dong-Ki" technique with SSP(silver spike point) electrotherapy transformed from alphabet exercise and evaluated the effects in method of randomized controlled trials. Methods : 27 outpatients with lateral ankle sprains were randomized into two groups : 15 samples and 12 controls. Sample group was treated with "Dong-Ki" technique(writing his name with foot) with SSP electrotherapy to relieve pain during additionally. "Dong-KI". Outcomes were measured by 10cm VAS and ankle circumference(cm). Results : In terms of VAS, Sample group had inclination of pain relieving but not significantly meaningful. In terms of ankle circumference measurement, Sample group showed significantly improved.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report the effectiveness of burning acupuncture therapy on patients of ankle sprain. Methods : We treated 21 patients who injured their ankles with burning acupuncture therapy. First, checked damage regions, we applied acupuncture at ligamentous periosteal junction. After protecting skin with wet gauze, we heated the body of acupuncture about 1cm away from skin for 2~3 seconds. Then we removed the acupuncture without maintaining, and sterilized. We recorded the changes of Visual analog scale(VAS) of pre and the first, second post procedures. Results : The average of VAS had changed from $5.62{\pm}2.24$ to $2.14{\pm}2.08$ after first procedure, and to $1.57{\pm}1.40$ after second procedure. Conclusions : Burning acupuncture therapy may be effective to ankle sprain patient, which was statistically significant(p<0.05).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2009

Objectives & Methods : The main point of this literatual study was to develop an external treatment on sprain using adhesive herbal pack. Results & Conclusions : The herbs which was used in adhesive treatment matched the same function with oral herb medicine such as, promoting blood flow to remove blood stasis, relieving rheumatic conditions, and removing obstruction in meridians and collaterals. Based on these function it was reviewed that adhesive herbal pack directly effected the sprain region from herbs by using alcohol, water to produce the pack. But even though it is known that the method of adhesive herbal treatment changes, most treatment still uses the traditional method. So researching on adhesive herbal treatment is required in the future.