• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.390-401
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• 1997

In order to investigate the pharmacological properties of New Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (NCL), effects of Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (CL) and NCL were compared. In isolated rat aorta, NCL and CL showed the relaxation of blood vessels in maximum contractile response to phenylephrine (10$^{-6}$ M) without regard to intact endothelium or denuded rings of the rat aorta. Furthermore, the presences of the inhibitor of NO synthase and guanylate cyclase did not affect the relaxation of NCL and CL. NCL and CL inhibited the vascular contractions induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin endoperoxide or peroxide in a dose-dependent manner. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), NCL and CL significantly decreased heart rate. NCL and CL, at high doses, had a negative inotropic effect that was a decrease of LVDP and (-dp/dt)/(+dp/dt) in the isolated perfused rat hearts, and also decreased the contractile force and heart rate in the isolated rat right atria. In excised guinea-pig papillary muscle, NCL and CL had no effects on parameters of action potential at low doses, whereas inhibited the cardiac contractility at high doses. These results suggested that NCL and CL have weak cardiovascular effects with relaxation of blood vessels and decrease of heart rate, and that this effect is no significant differences between two preparations.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.218-237
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• 1997

In order to investigate the antihypertentive effects and its mechanism of the Siegesbeckia pubescens aqua-acupuncture treatment, experiments were performed on immediate and continuous antihypertensive effects, vasodilatation-autonomic nerve block, diuretic activity, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity. The results were as follows; 1. Acupuncture treatment group showed significantly immediate antihypertensive effects in 4 hours after treatment. Normal saline aqua-acupuncture treatment group showed significantly immediate antihypertensive effects in 2, 4 and 6 hours after treatment. Siegesbeckia pubescens aqua-acupuncture treatment group showed significantly immediate antihypertensive effects in 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after treatment. 2. Siegesbeckia pubescens aqua-acupuncture treatment group showed significantly continuous antihypertensive effects in 6, 8, 9 and 10 days after treatment. 3. Siegesbeckia pubescens aqua-acupuncture extract solution showed significantly vasodilatatory and sympathetic nerve block effects with concentration of $10^{-6},\;10^{-5},\;10^{-4},\;10^{-3}g/m{\ell}$. 4. Oral administration group of the Siegesbeckia pubescens aqua-acupuncture extract solution didn't show no significantly diuretic effects. 5. Siegesbeckia pubescens aqua-acupuncture extract solution showed 28.8% angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1983

The present study was undertaken to investigate effect of feeding hot pepper on the blood pressure and blood figures in SHR. Also studied were effect of hot pepper on plasma electrolyte concentration as well as blood sugar level. Twentytwo SHR at age of 15 weeks were divided into control and CF administered group. And in experimental group hot pepper (1 gm/kg/day) was administered into stomach of each animal by gastric intubation for 8 weeks. The results obtained are as follows: 1) On a day before starting experiment blood pressure(systolic) of the control and CF group were respectively $196.7{\pm}4.7\;mmHg$ and $197.4{\pm}3.9\;mmHg$ while it changed to $207.4{\pm}4.8\;mmHg$ and $227.5{\pm}4.2\;mmHg$ respectively on the last day of experiment. Comparing blood pressures of two groups a significant, though not remarkable, difference was observed. 2) No significant differences in blood figures(RBC, WBC, Hct, and Hb level), concentration of plasma electrolytes($Na^+$ and $K^+$)and blood sugar level were found between control and experimental group.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.339-342
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• 2012

This study describes the characterization of a new angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from a Korean traditional rice wine. After purification of the ACE inhibitor peptides with ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-25 column chromatography, and successively $C_{18}$ and SCX solid-phase extraction, reverse-phase HPLC, and size exculsion chromatography, two types of the purified ACE inhibitors with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.34 mg/ml and 1.23 mg/ml were finally obtained. The two purified ACE inhibitors (F-1 and F-2) were found to have two kinds of novel oligopeptides, showing very little similarity to other ACE inhibitory peptide sequences. The amino acid sequences of the two purified oligopeptides were found to be Gln-Phe-Tyr-Ala-Val (F-1) and Ala-Gly-Pro-Val-Leu-Leu (F-2), and their molecular masses were estimated to be 468.7 Da (F-1) and 357.7 Da (F-2), respectively. They all showed a clear antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats at a dosage of 500 mg/kg.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2008

There are increasing evidences in the literatures on the potential role of ginsenosides in treating cardiovascular diseases. In this article, current information about ginsenosides-mediated vascular relaxation are reviewed. From the published studies using isolated organs, cell culture systems and animal models, ginsenosides are shown to relax blood vessels and improve blood flow through diverse mechanisms, including nitric oxide release by activating eNOS phosphorylation via PI3K/Akt and/or ERK1/2 pathways in endothelial cells, induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase through activation of NF-${\kappa}$B, reducing the intracelluar Ca$^{2+}$ levels by activating Ca$^{2+}$-activated K$^{+}$ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells and reducing platelet aggregation by decreasing thromboxane A$_2$ formation and intracelluar Ca$^{2+}$in platelets. In addition, the relevant clinical trials regarding the effects of ginsenosides on the cardiovascular disease are summarized, particulary focusing on managing hypertension and improving thrombotic disorders. Finally, antagonistic effects of ginsenosides on the prostaglandin H$_2$ receptor and scavenging effects on the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are discussed.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.309-313
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• 2012

Antiobesity, hypotriglyceridemic and antihypertensive activities of isoflavone-free peptide mixture (black soybean peptide, BSP) were reported in our previous experiments. In the present study, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory (ACEi) activity was decreased in the aorta tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) treated with BSP (1% in drink water) for 4 weeks, but not in serum. BSP administration significantly decreased ACE activity by 17.5% (from $33.2{\pm}4.5$ to $27.4{\pm}1.96$ mUnit/mg, p=0.0013) in aorta tissue hydrolysate. BSP treatment also decreased significantly mean blood pressure (BP) (from $213.0{\pm}16.96$ to $184.0{\pm}6.53$ mmHg, p<0.0001) as expected. These results indicate that BSP has antihypertensive activity as well as ACEi activity.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 1981

The antihypertensive effect of $\alpha-Methyldopa$ administered concurrently with timolol or labetalol were studied with spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Every drugs were administered orally once a day after prechecking the systolic blood pressure and heart rate of SHR. The blood pressure and heart rate of SHR were significantly decreased in groups of combination while those of non-combination groups were fallen slightly. Compared with control group, the significant changes of blood pressure was obseved in group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolol(100mg+2mg/kg)and $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol (100mg+12.5mg/kg). The group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolo 1 (100mg + 1.0mg/kg) reduced blood Pressure in similar degree as manifested in group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol (100mg + 50mg/kg). In the group that $\alpha-methyldopa$ was administered concurrently with timolol, the maximum antihypertensive effect and heart rate decreasing effect were appeared after 3hr and 1hr of administration respectively and those effects in group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol were appeared after 6hr of administration. The acute oral toxicity test was performed using albino mice with $\alpha-methyldopa$ alone, $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolol (100:1) and $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetatol (4:1), and was found that the $LD_{50}$ of $\alpha-methyldopa$ alone was 1104 mg/kg, $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolol (100:1) was 1115 mg/kg and $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol (4:1) was 354mg/kg.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.66-78
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• 1999

In order to investigate the pharmacological properties of New Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (NSCL), effects of Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (SCL) and NSCL were compared. In isolated rat aorta, NSCL and SCL showed the relaxation of blood vessels in maximum contractile response to phenylephrine (10$^{-6}$ M) regardless to intact endothelium or denuded rings of the rat aorta. Furthermore, the presences of the inhibitor of NO synthase and guanylate cyclase did not affect the relaxing effect of NSCL and SCL. NSCL and SCL inhibited the vascular contractions induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin endoperoxide or peroxide in a dose-dependent manner. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), NSCL and SCL significantly decreased heart rate. NSCL and SCL, at high doses, had a negative inotropic effect that was a decrease of left ventricular developed pressure and (-dp/dt)/(+dp/dt) in the isolated perfused rat hearts, and also decreased the contractile force and heart rate in the isolated rat right atria. In excised guinea-pig papillary muscle, NSCL and SCL had no effects on parameters of action potential such as resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude, APD$_{90}$ and V$_{max}$ at low doses, whereas inhibited the cardiac contractility at high doses. These results suggested that NSCL and SCL have weak cardiovascular effects with relaxation of blood vessels and decrease of heart rate, and that this effect is no significant differences between cardiovascular effects of two preparations.s.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2019

Seahorses have long been used as ornamental and medicinal products. The sea horse Hippocampus abdominalis has a beautiful color and unique shape and is also used for ornamental purposes and as a traditional medicine in China. This study examined the value of H. abdominalis as a health functional food or food additive. H. abdominalis was hydrolyzed using seven proteases: flavourzyme, neutrase, alcalase, trypsin, kojizyme, pepsin and protamex. The yields of all of the enzyme hydrolysates were higher than that of the aqueous extract. Of the enzymatic hydrolysates, seahorse Protamex hydrolysate (SHP) gave the highest yield and had excellent antioxidant and angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory activities. It protected Vero cells against oxidative by 2,2-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and antihypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. This study attempted to demonstrate H. abdominalis as a health functional food or food additive in the future.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.184-194
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• 2023

Recently, interest in food-derived bioactive peptides as promising ingredients for the prevention and improvement of hypertension is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure and antihypertensive effect of an antioxidant peptide purified from velvet antler in a previous study and evaluate its potential as a various bioactive peptide. Molecular weight (MW) and amino acid sequences of the purified peptide were determined by quadrupole time-of-flight electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity of the purified peptide was assessed by enzyme reaction methods and in silico molecular docking analysis to determine the interaction between the purified peptide and ACE. Also, antihypertensive effect of the purified peptide in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) was investigated. The purified antioxidant peptide was identified to be a pentapeptide Asp-Asn-Arg-Tyr-Tyr with a MW of 730.31 Da. This pentapeptide showed potent inhibition activity against ACE (IC₅₀ value, 3.72 μM). Molecular docking studies revealed a good and stable binding affinity between purified peptide and ACE and indicated that the purified peptide could interact with HOH2570, ARG522, ARG124, GLU143, HIS387, TRP357, and GLU403 residues of ACE. Furthermore, oral administration of the pentapeptide significantly reduced blood pressure in SHRs. The pentapeptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysate of velvet antler is an excellent ACE inhibitor. It might be effectively applied as an animal-based functional food ingredient.