• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2017

블럭내의 완전랜덤화 제약은 하나의 블럭이 여러 실험구로 분할되는 분할요인모형으로 해결할 수 있다. 본 연구는 $3{\times}3$ 분할요인모형에서 두 주요인 및 하나의 블럭이 모두 고정일 경우에는, 실제로 존재하는 효과크기가 작을수록 혹은 검정대상의 요인효과 크기보다 검정대상 이외의 효과들의 크기가 상대적으로 작을수록 주구요인효과 및 세구요인효과 검정을 위한 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 기존의 모수적 통계량의 검정력보다 뛰어남을 알 수 있다. 또한 모집단 모형의 오차항이 지수분포 및 이중지수분포일 때 효과크기 및 효과구성유형에 상관없이 거의 모든 상황하에서 순위변환 통계량의 검정력이 모수적 통계량의 검정력보다 상대적으로 높은 우위를 보이며, 정규분포 및 균일분포하에서는 상당히 유사한 수준을 나타낸다. 한편 두 주요인은 고정이나 하나의 블럭이 랜덤일 경우에는, 두 주요인 및 블럭이 모두 고정일 경우보다 모수적 통계량 및 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 각각 낮은 수준을 보인다. 특히 주구요인효과 검정보다 세구요인효과 검정을 위한 모수적 통계량 및 순위변환 통계량의 검정력이 다소 낮은 수준임을 보이지만, 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 모수적 통계량의 검정력에 비하여 높은 상대적 검정력 우위를 나타낸다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2009

The study presents two measurement split-plot models with a restricted randomization to save cost and time. Split-plot models are used to handle HTCM (Hard To Control Measurement) factors such as high temperature and long-time catalyst control. The models developed are represented by the processes for estimating the measurement precisions, that is, gauge R&R. The study also introduces three-step procedures to indentify resolution, improve R&R reduction, and evaluate the precision effect.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제14권
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• pp.127-140
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• 1994

This study is concerned with the accuracy and the patterns when different methods was used in interpolation task. Although 3 methods employed the same modality for input (visual) and for output (manual responding), they differed in central processing, which method 1 is relatively more tendency of verbal processing, method 2 is realtively more tendency of spatial processing and method 3 needed a number of switching code (verbal/spatial) performing task. Split-plot design was adopted, which whole plot consisted of methods (3), orientations (horizon, vertical), base-line sizes (300, 500, 700 pixels) and split plot consisted of target locations (1-99). The results showed the anchor effect and the range effect. Method 2, method 3 and method 1 that order was better accuracy. ANOVA showed that the accuracy was significantly influenced by the method, the location of target, and its interactions ($method{\times}location$, $size{\times}location$). Analysis of error data, response time and frequency of under, just, over estimate indicated that a systematic error pattern was made in task and methods changed not only the performance but also the pattern. The results provided support for the importance of the multiple resources theory in accounting for S-C-R compatibility and task performance. They are discussed in terms of multiple resources theory and guidelines for system design is suggested by the S-C-R compatibility.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.139-149
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• 1997

For split plot designs exact univariate F tests of the within-subjects main effect are based on the assumption of multisample sphericity. Type I error rates and power are reported for the F test and two tests designed for use when multisample sphericity is violated: the $\widetilde{\xi}$-adjusted test and the Corrected Improved General Approximation(CIGA) test.The results indicate that even though the F test and the $\widetilde{\xi}$-adjusted test have better power than the CIGA test in some conditions, the F test and the $\widetilde{\xi}$-adjusted test do not control Type I error rates when the design is unbalanced and the F test dose not have a good control of Type I error rates when sphericity assumption is severely violated.

• 물과 미래
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 1977

The research is conducted to study the effect of the soil physical properties in the direct sowing culture on the water requirement, growth, and yield of rice with Early-Tongil at the experimental paddy field of the Sangju agri. and seri. junior college in Keyngbuk province from 6th May to 15th September in 1977. The experimental plots are designed with the four plots which are non-irrigated standard (plowing to 15cm), non-irrigated deep lowed (plowing to 25cm), irrigated standard (plowing to 15cm), and irrigated deep plowing plot (plowing to 25cm) and also each plot is repreated four times by the split plot design. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The soil sample was ML to 10cm depth from ground surface and those from 10cm to 20cm depth and from 20cm to 30cm were CL. Each specific gravity was 2. 6, 2. 6 and 2. 7. 2) The weather during culturing period was the sane as the normal year of mean temperature. The precipitation was little and the distribution of it was disordered comparing to normal year but the heavy sunshine gave good effect on ripening. 3) Percolation loss was increased more at the non-irrigated plot than at the irrigated plot, and that of deep-plowed plot was increased more. 4) Grain yield per 10a. of non-irrigated deep plowed plot was 898kg, it was greated than others but there wa no significance. 5) A significant difference in the number of spikelets per panicle was found between nonirrigated plot and irrigated plot, and the number of spiklelets per panicle at the nonirrigated plot was more than that of the irrigated plot. But there was no significance in the other yield components-number of panicle, fertility abd ripening ratio-at the irrigated plot, ut weight of 100 grains was higher at non-irrigated plot. 6) Yield and growth at the deep plowed plot were higher than those of standard plowed plot.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

Response of grain yield and milled-rice protein content to nitrogen topdress (N) timing at panicle initiation stage (PIS) is critical for quantifying real-time N requirement for target grain yield and milled-rice protein content. Two split-split-plot experiments with three replications, one in 2004 and the other in 2005, were conducted in Experimental Farm, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea. The experiments included three N rates at tillering stage (TS), three N timing treatments at panicle initiation stage (PIS) and two rice cultivars. The N rates at TS, N timing at PIS, and rice cultivars were randomly assigned to main plot, sub plot, and sub-sub plot, respectively. Results showed that the delayed N application at PIS reduced grain yield in 2004 and increased milled-rice protein content in both years significantly at 0.05 probability level. The calculated optimum N timing at PIS from pooled data by N rates and rice cultivars in two years was at 28 days before heading (DBH). However, real-time of N timing at PIS was dependent on plant growth and N status around PIS that in turn was dependent on applied N rates at TS. The optimum N timing at PIS was at 30 DBH for no N treatments at TS while at 27 DBH for 3.6 and 7.2 kg N/10a treatments and at 27 and 29 DBH for Hwaseongbyeo and Daeanbyeo, respectively. In general, earlier applied N at PIS resulted in lower milled-rice protein content but the highest grain yield was expected to be obtained when N topdress at PIS was applied at the time when shoot N concentration started to drop below about 23 mg/g due to dilution effect after transplanting. In conclusion, the results of our experiments imply that the currently recommended N topdress time (24DBH) at PIS in Korea should be reconsidered for the higher grain yield and the better quality of rice.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.371-378
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• 1997

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of P fertilization and cutting fkquency without N fertilizer on nutritive value and nitrogen fixation activity of alfalfa. A field experiment was conducted on the experimental farm of Kongju National University at Yesan from 1994 to 1996. The experimental design was a split plot design with two P levels as main plot and two cutting frequencies as the sub-plot. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Available phosphate, exchangeable Ca and Na in the soil were slightly increased with P fertilizer and basal treatment of lime. Average DM yield was 1.5 ton and 1.4 ton in second and third year. There was no significant difference within P level and cutting kquency. The first cut showed higest CP value as cutting times increased the value tend to be lowered. Crude protein content in 3 and 4 cutting regimes were from 16.3 to 16.6% 17.4 to 17.9% respectively, but no significant effect were found among the main and sub-plot. ADF and NDF in 1995 were ranged from 38.2 to 39.9, 45.1 to 58.1% respectively. ADF was 2% more higher in 1996 compared to previous year and NDF was slightly higher in 1996. There was significant difference of ADF between main plot in 1995. .P, Ca, K and Mg of 200kg P level with 3 times cutting treatment in 1995 and 1996 were 0.32 and 0.23, 0.95 and 0.84, 3.24 and 2.87, and 0.36 and 0.26. Significant difference of K and Mg between cutting frequency was observed in 1995. Nitrogen fixing activity of 400kg P fertilizer plots were higher than 200kg P level and 3 times cutting plot also showed higher acetylene reduction activity than that of 4 cutting per year. Phosphate level and cutting frequency treatment of did not significantly affect nitrogen fixation activity.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.581-588
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• 1997

Univariate F test is based on the multisample sphericity assumption. Robustness for tests of a main effect of the within-subjects factor was investigated when the assumptions of the onmibus F tests are violated in a split-plot design with one between-subjects factor using untrimmed data and trimmed data. The results indicate that when sample sizes are unbalanced and dispersion matrices are heterogeneous, the CIGA and the $CIGA_T$ tests better control Type I error rates than do the $F_T$test and the$\widetilde{\xi_T}$test.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1974

약제(藥劑) 무방제상태(無防除狀態)에서 벼에 대한 규산질비료(珪酸質肥料)의 분시효과를 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果) 규회석(珪灰石)이나 합성고농도규산용융물(合成高濃度珪酸熔融物) 공(共)히 전량기비구(全量基肥區)의 규산흡수량(珪酸吸收量)이 전생육기간(全生育期間) 가장 높았으며 생육(生育)이 진행(進行)됨에 따라 분시구(分施區)의 짚중규산함량(中珪酸含量)과의 차이(差異)는 좁혀지고 수확기(收穫期)에는 거의 차이(差異)가 없었다. 비종간(肥種間)에 있어서는 역용성(易溶性) 규산용융물(珪酸熔融物)의 비효가 규회석(珪灰石)보다 높았으며 추비효과도 현저(顯著)하였다. 분시(分施)에 의(依)하여 무방서(無防徐)에 의한 50%의 엽도열병(葉稻熱病) 이병률(罹病率)을 규회석(珪灰石)은 20~40%로 감소(減少)시켰고 합성고농도규산용융물(合成高濃度珪酸熔融物)은 5~15%로 감소(減少)시켰다. 또한 수수도열병(穗首稻熱病)도 무방제구(無防除區)의 50% 이병율(罹病率)을 각각(各各) 20%로, 10%로 감소(減少)시겼다. 즉 규산질비료(珪酸質肥料)의 시비시기(施肥時期)는 전량기비(全量期肥)가 가장 우수(優秀)하나 추비(追肥)로써도 사용(使用)될 수 있으며 최고분벽기(最高分蘗期) 이전(以前)에 시용(施用)되어야 하고 추비용(追肥用) 규산질비료(珪酸質肥料)는 난용성물질(難溶性物質)보다 유효규산함량이 높고 역용성(易溶性) 규산용융물(珪酸熔融物)을 사용(使用)하는 것이 추비효과를 높일 수 있으나 미세분말(微細粉末)의 풍산(風散)과 엽부착등(葉附着等)을 고려(考慮)한 시비방법(施肥方法)이 모색(摸索)되어야겠다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.182-188
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• 1991

With a purpose of finding out the effects of cattle slurry applicatioin on the dry matter yield, yield component, and botanical composition in the mixed sward, a field experiment was conducted with two times and five levels of cattle slurry application. The experimental field was laid.out in a split-plot design with three replications, and lasted from September. 1986 to October, 1990 at the Livestock Experiment Station in Suweon, The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. At each harvest time, the plant growth of the plots with cattle slurry application was slightly worse when compared to dressing of mineral fertilizer. 2. Average dry matter yield for 4 years was not significantly different between the slurry application times, just after cutting, and 15 days after cutting, The DM yield in the plot with cattle slurry 30 m!/ha and mineral fertilizer(9,095 kg/ha) and with cattle slurry 60 m1/ha and mineral fertilizer(8, 987 kg/ha) were decreased by 8% and 10% than that of the plot with mineral fertilizer application(9,937 kg/ha), respectively. 3. The DM yield component of the plots with cattle slurry application just after cutting was much better when compared to manuring 15 days after cutting. And it was much better in the plot with cattle slurry 60 m"/ha and mineral fertilizer which was composed of 73.8% grasses(6.636 kg/ha). 24.6% legumes (2,207 kdha) and 1.6% weeds(144 kdha). 4. In general, the botanical composition was relatively good in the plots with slurry application just after cutting. Grassland vegetation of the plots with cattle slurry 60 m"/ha and mineral fertilizer was changed into much better botanical composition with 66.8% grasses, 30.2% legumes and 3. 1% weeds at the end of the experiment.xperiment.